RSAD2 Antibody

Code CSB-PA848838ESR1HU
Size US$166
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  • Immunohistochemistry of paraffin-embedded human skin tissue using CSB-PA848838ESR1HU at dilution of 1:100

  • Immunohistochemistry of paraffin-embedded human kidney tissue using CSB-PA848838ESR1HU at dilution of 1:100

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Product Details

Full Product Name
Rabbit anti-Homo sapiens (Human) RSAD2 Polyclonal antibody
Uniprot No.
Target Names
RSAD2
Alternative Names
2510004L01Rik antibody; cig 33 antibody; CIG 5 antibody; cig-33 antibody; CIG-5 antibody; CIG33 antibody; CIG5 antibody; Cytomegalovirus induced gene 5 protein antibody; Cytomegalovirus-induced gene 5 protein antibody; endoplasmic reticulum-associated antibody; interferon-inducible antibody; Radical S adenosyl methionine domain containing 2 antibody; Radical S-adenosyl methionine domain-containing protein 2 antibody; RSAD 2 antibody; Rsad2 antibody; RSAD2_HUMAN antibody; RSDA-2 antibody; VIG 1 antibody; vig1 antibody; Viperin antibody; Virus inhibitory protein antibody; virus inhibitory protein endoplasmic reticulum associated interferon inducible antibody
Raised in
Rabbit
Species Reactivity
Human
Immunogen
Recombinant Human Radical S-adenosyl methionine domain-containing protein 2 protein (42-361AA)
Immunogen Species
Homo sapiens (Human)
Conjugate
Non-conjugated
Clonality
Polyclonal
Isotype
IgG
Purification Method
Antigen Affinity Purified
Concentration
It differs from different batches. Please contact us to confirm it.
Buffer
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide, 50% glycerol, pH7.3.
Form
Liquid
Tested Applications
ELISA, IHC
Recommended Dilution
Application Recommended Dilution
IHC 1:20-1:200
Troubleshooting and FAQs
Storage
Upon receipt, store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze.
Lead Time
Basically, we can dispatch the products out in 1-3 working days after receiving your orders. Delivery time maybe differs from different purchasing way or location, please kindly consult your local distributors for specific delivery time.

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Target Background

Function
Interferon-inducible antiviral protein which plays a major role in the cell antiviral state induced by type I and type II interferon. Catalyzes the conversion of cytidine triphosphate (CTP) to 3'-deoxy-3',4'-didehydro-CTP (ddhCTP) via a SAM-dependent radical mechanism. In turn, ddhCTP acts as a chain terminator for the RNA-dependent RNA polymerases from multiple viruses and directly inhibits viral replication. Therefore, inhibits a wide range of DNA and RNA viruses, including human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), west Nile virus (WNV), dengue virus, sindbis virus, influenza A virus, sendai virus, vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), zika virus, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1). Promotes also TLR7 and TLR9-dependent production of IFN-beta production in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) by facilitating 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination of IRAK1 by TRAF6. Plays a role in CD4+ T-cells activation and differentiation. Facilitates T-cell receptor (TCR)-mediated GATA3 activation and optimal T-helper 2 (Th2) cytokine production by modulating NFKB1 and JUNB activities. Can inhibit secretion of soluble proteins.
Gene References into Functions
  1. Study reports the identification of geranyl pyrophosphate (GPP) and farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP), two terpene intermediates in the mevalonate pathway, as substrates of human viperin. PMID: 29251770
  2. Viperin is antivirally active against many different viruses from different families and has been shown to inhibit several flaviviruses. Authors summarize the current knowledge about viperin and its role in antiflavivirus defense. [Review] PMID: 30059238
  3. Viperin N-terminal is necessary for the interaction with Junin viral nucleoprotein. PMID: 29202415
  4. viperin also reduced the stability of several other viral proteins in a NS3-dependent manner, suggesting a central role of NS3 in viperin's antiflavivirus activity. PMID: 29321318
  5. RSAD2 and AIM2 Modulate Coxsackievirus A16 and Enterovirus A71 Replication in Neuronal Cells in Different Ways That May Be Associated with Their 5' Nontranslated Regions. PMID: 29263272
  6. Data suggest that CIA2B and MMS19 physically interact with C-terminus of viperin/RSAD2; CIAO1 appears to function as primary viperin-interacting protein; CIA2A binds to N-terminus of viperin in CIAO1-, CIA2B-, and MMS19-independent fashion. (CIA2B = metallochaperone CIA2B/FAM96B; MMS19 = transcription factor MMS19; CIAO1 = cytosolic iron-sulfur assembly component 1; CIA2A = metallochaperone CIA2A/Fam96a) PMID: 28615450
  7. Data suggest that human viperin exerts "ancient radical" SAM-dependent activity in invading bacteria such as Escherichia coli; here, expression of recombinant viperin induces dramatically elongated morphology of "host"/pathogen cells. (SAM = S-adenosylmethionine) PMID: 28708394
  8. Exposure to hepatitis B virus up-regulates viperin expression in vivo and in vitro in placental trophoblast, and lack of this up-regulation is associated with intrauterine transmission of hepatitis B virus. PMID: 27943419
  9. Viperin was localized in trophoblast cells. HCMV IE1 mRNA expression was significantly inhibited by viperin RNA interference. PMID: 25814471
  10. data suggested that viperin impaired respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) transmission by inhibiting virus filament formation, providing a basis for its anti-virus activity in RSV-infected cells PMID: 25433308
  11. Viperin inhibits viral replication by interactiing with host cell proteins and viral proteins. [review] PMID: 25997337
  12. These data suggest that viperin requires CIAO1 for [4Fe-4S] cluster assembly, and acts through an enzymatic, Fe-S cluster- and SAM-dependent mechanism to inhibit viral RNA synthesis. PMID: 24245804
  13. The data indicate that viperin is the major effector underlying the ability of HCMV to regulate cellular lipid metabolism. PMID: 23935494
  14. Viperin is induced following dengue virus type-2 (DENV-2) infection and has anti-viral actions requiring the C-terminal end of viperin. PMID: 23638199
  15. inhibits replication of respiratory syncytial virus PMID: 23018837
  16. viperin is a critical antiviral host protein that controls chikungunya virus infection. PMID: 23160199
  17. The restriction of Bunyamwera virus replication mediated by interferon is an accumulated effect of at least three interferon-stimulated genes viperin, MTAP44 and PKR. PMID: 22896602
  18. Viperin is now known to act in different ways in the inhibition of the replication of different viruses that employ different mechanisms and organelles in their replication cycle. [Review] PMID: 22182524
  19. Viperin restrict influenza H1N1 virus replication in vitro. PMID: 22377585
  20. Viperin is an alpha-beta protein containing iron-sulfur cluster at the center pocket. PMID: 22363738
  21. Viperin inhibits hepatitis C virus replication by interfering with binding of NS5A to host protein VAP-33. PMID: 21957124
  22. We propose that viperin interacts with NS5A and the host factor, VAP-A, to limit hepatitis C virus replication at the replication complex. PMID: 22045669
  23. Data idenified two cleavage sites for RNase MRP/RNase P in the coding sequence of viperin mRNA. PMID: 21053045
  24. study shows human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-induced viperin disrupts cellular metabolism to enhance infectious process; viperin interaction with vMIA resulted in viperin relocalization from endoplasmic reticulum to mitochondria PMID: 21527675
  25. IFITM2 and IFITM3, disrupted early steps (entry and/or uncoating) of the viral infection, viperin, ISG20, and double-stranded-RNA-activated protein kinase, inhibited steps in west nile virus and dengue virus viral proteins and/or RNA biosynthesis. PMID: 20534863
  26. Incubation of reduced viperin with SAM results in reductive cleavage of SAM to produce 5'-deoxyadenosine (5'-dAdo), a reaction characteristic of the radical SAM superfamily. PMID: 20176015
  27. the first experimental evidence confirming that viperin is indeed a radical SAM enzyme provided. PMID: 20026307
  28. Viperin inhibits hepatitis C virus (HCV) by localizing to lipid droplets using a domain and mechanism similar to that used by HCV itself. PMID: 19920176
  29. Viperin is expressed in atherosclerosis and induced in vascular cells by inflammatory stimuli and cytomegalovirus infection PMID: 15890971
  30. ISG (interferon-stmiulated genese) viperin has anti-Hepatitis c virus activity in vitro; we postulate that viperin, and other ISGs, acts to limit HCV replication. PMID: 16108059
  31. Results identify Viperin as a tightly regulated ISGF3 target gene, which is counter-regulated by PRDI-BF1. PMID: 16849320
  32. poly(I:C) upregulated TLR3, thereby augmenting the primary (IFN-beta) and secondary (IDO and viperin) response genes PMID: 17626075
  33. Overexpression of farnesyl diphosphate synthase reverses viperin-mediated inhibition of virus production and restores normal membrane fluidity. PMID: 18005724
  34. This work, for the first time, provides strong evidence suggesting that viperin is a putative radical S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM) enzyme. PMID: 18077728
  35. The results suggest that even though viperin gene expression is highly induced by Japanese encephalitis virus, it is negatively regulated at the protein level to counteract its antiviral effect. PMID: 18768981
  36. The N-terminal amphipathic alpha-helix of viperin mediates localization to the cytosolic face of the endoplasmic reticulum and inhibits protein secretion PMID: 19074433

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Subcellular Location
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. Golgi apparatus. Endoplasmic reticulum. Lipid droplet. Mitochondrion. Mitochondrion inner membrane. Mitochondrion outer membrane. Note=Infection with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) causes relocation to the Golgi apparatus and to cytoplasmic vacuoles which also contain HCMV proteins glycoprotein B and pp28. Interaction with human cytomegalovirus/HHV-5 protein vMIA/UL37 results in its relocalization from the endoplasmic reticulum to the mitochondria.
Protein Families
Radical SAM superfamily, RSAD2 family
Database Links

HGNC: 30908

OMIM: 607810

KEGG: hsa:91543

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000371471

UniGene: Hs.17518

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