Recombinant Mouse Metastasis-suppressor KiSS-1 (Kiss1)

Code CSB-YP765002MO
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Source Yeast
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Code CSB-EP765002MO
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Source E.coli
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Code CSB-EP765002MO-B
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Source E.coli
Conjugate Avi-tag Biotinylated
E. coli biotin ligase (BirA) is highly specific in covalently attaching biotin to the 15 amino acid AviTag peptide. This recombinant protein was biotinylated in vivo by AviTag-BirA technology, which method is BriA catalyzes amide linkage between the biotin and the specific lysine of the AviTag.
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Code CSB-BP765002MO
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Source Baculovirus
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Code CSB-MP765002MO
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Source Mammalian cell
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Product Details

Purity
>85% (SDS-PAGE)
Target Names
Kiss1
Uniprot No.
Alternative Names
Kiss1Metastasis-suppressor KiSS-1; Kisspeptin-1) [Cleaved into: Metastin; Kisspeptin-52); Kisspeptin-10; Metastin45-54)]
Species
Mus musculus (Mouse)
Expression Region
20-130
Target Protein Sequence
E PLAKVAPLVK PGSTGQQSGP QELVNAWEKE SRYAESKPGS AGLRARRSSP CPPVEGPAGR QRPLCASRSR LIPAPRGAVL VQREKDLSTY NWNSFGLRYG RRQAARAARG
Protein Length
Full Length of Mature Protein
Tag Info
Tag type will be determined during the manufacturing process.
The tag type will be determined during production process. If you have specified tag type, please tell us and we will develop the specified tag preferentially.
Form
Lyophilized powder
Note: We will preferentially ship the format that we have in stock, however, if you have any special requirement for the format, please remark your requirement when placing the order, we will prepare according to your demand.
Buffer before Lyophilization
Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0
Reconstitution
We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20℃/-80℃. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference.
Troubleshooting and FAQs
Storage Condition
Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Shelf Life
The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself.
Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Lead Time
Delivery time may differ from different purchasing way or location, please kindly consult your local distributors for specific delivery time.
Note: All of our proteins are default shipped with normal blue ice packs, if you request to ship with dry ice, please communicate with us in advance and extra fees will be charged.
Notes
Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.
Datasheet
Please contact us to get it.

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Target Background

Function
Metastasis suppressor protein. May regulate events downstream of cell-matrix adhesion, perhaps involving cytoskeletal reorganization. Generates a C-terminally amidated peptide, metastin which functions as the endogenous ligand of the G-protein coupled receptor GPR54. Activation of the receptor inhibits cell proliferation and cell migration, key characteristics of tumor metastasis. The receptor is also essential for normal gonadotropin-released hormone physiology and for puberty. The hypothalamic KiSS1/GPR54 system is a pivotal factor in central regulation of the gonadotropic axis at puberty and in adulthood. Intracerebroventricular administration induces an increase in serum LH and FSH levels in prepubertal male and female as well as in adult animals.
Gene References into Functions
  1. This study showed for the developmental profile of kisspeptin in the mouse pituitary. PMID: 27871073
  2. The findings are consistent with the idea that, during metabolic deficiency, AgRP signaling contributes to infertility by inhibiting Kiss1 neurons. PMID: 28196880
  3. Study used Cre-lox technology to selectively ablate tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) from Kiss1 cells. Surprisingly, despite a practically complete knock-out of TH from Kiss1 cells, study found that all aspects of puberty, reproductive hormone secretion, and fertility were normal in Kiss THKOs. This suggests that dopamine synthesized in Kiss1 cells is not required for normal puberty and reproduction. PMID: 28660243
  4. Kisspeptin governs both mate preference and sexual motivation in female mice, indicating that sexual behavior and ovulation are coordinated by the same neuropeptide. PMID: 29374161
  5. POMC and AgRP neurons receive direct steroid- and frequency-dependent glutamatergic synaptic input from Kiss1(ARC) neurons in male mice PMID: 27093227
  6. mice carrying Stat5a/b inactivation specifically in kisspeptin cells were generated. These mutants exhibited an early onset of estrous cyclicity, indicating that STAT5 transcription factors exert an inhibitory effect on the timing of puberty. PMID: 28344041
  7. steroidal environment and energy state negatively regulate kisspeptin (Kiss1), neurokinin B (Tac2), and dynorphin (Pdyn) gene expression. PMID: 27507595
  8. loss of PGR impairs kisspeptin secretory machinery and therefore that PGR plays a critical role in regulating kisspeptin secretion. PMID: 27441639
  9. expression in anteroventral periventricular nucleus cells increases with estradiol exposure PMID: 27409645
  10. Neurons in the hypothalamus produce Kiss1 and can synchronize their activity and activate GnRH neurons thus coordinating reproduction and fertility. PMID: 27558594
  11. Our data indicate the absence of the circadian input to Kiss1 in pregnancy, despite high gestational estradiol levels and normal clock gene expression, and may suggest a disruption of a kisspeptin-specific diurnal rhythm that operates in the nonpregnant state. PMID: 27068699
  12. medial amygdala expression increases around puberty, coincident with developmental increases in sex steroids PMID: 27564649
  13. In the anteroventral periventricular, ERalpha is required but not ERbeta or GPR30, vs the arcuate nucleus Kiss-expressing cell lines that require GPR30, and either ERalpha and/or ERbeta. PMID: 26726951
  14. Data show that estradiol has no effect on kisspeptin (Kiss1) mRNA expression in prepubertal Kiss1 cell-specific estrogen receptoralpha knockout (KERalphaKO) mice. PMID: 26824364
  15. The results suggest that the 5'-upstream region of Kiss1 locus functions as an enhancer for the arcuate nucleus Kiss1 gene expression in mice. PMID: 25486239
  16. progesterone signaling specifically in kisspeptin cells essential for the positive feedback induction of normal LH surges, ovulation, and normal fertility in females PMID: 26076042
  17. neural circuits between kisspeptin and GnRH neurons in the male mouse arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus established before birth PMID: 26172029
  18. the mechanism by which kisspeptin is suppressed during lactation involves a number of factors, including chronically elevated levels of prolactin PMID: 25207795
  19. findings suggest that the suppressive signalling of RFRP-3 on Gonadotrophin releasing hormone transcription may dominate over kisspeptin induction in the mHypoA-GnRH/GFP Gonadotrophin releasing hormone neuronal cell model. PMID: 25283492
  20. This study show that estrogen is found to permit circadian AVP signaling at preoptic kisspeptin neurons rather than dynamically modulate its activity throughout the estrous cycle. PMID: 25926463
  21. kisspeptin can act partly through neuropeptide FF receptors to modulate neuronal activity of the arcuate nucleus independent of GPR54 in the mouse brain. PMID: 25756309
  22. These data document kisspeptin expression in mouse Leydig cells, its secretion into peripheral serum, and its regulation by changes in reproductive neuroendocrine function. PMID: 25635620
  23. This study demonistrated that Fertility-regulating Kiss1 neurons arise from hypothalamic POMC-expressing progenitors. PMID: 25855171
  24. These experiments clearly demonstrate that ERalpha in kisspeptin neurons is required for the positive, but not negative feedback actions of E2 on GnRH/LH secretion in adult female mice. PMID: 25545386
  25. KISS-54 influences Isl-1 expression and insulin secretion through the protein kinase C-ERK1/2 pathway. PMID: 24956377
  26. Our data show that PI3K signaling is important for the regulation of hypothalamic kisspeptin expression PMID: 25269483
  27. These observations demonstrate the necessity of perinatal GnRH signaling for driving brain sexual differentiation and indicate that kisspeptin inputs to GnRH neurons are essential for this process to occur. PMID: 25392497
  28. No significant differences in puberty onset, oestrous cyclicity or reproductive competency were observed in the female or male kiss1 knockout mice PMID: 24824308
  29. Data suggest that the kisspeptin-1 could regulate mammalian fertilization and reproduction. PMID: 24567427
  30. In diabetic mice, liver Kiss1 knockdown improves glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and glycemia. PMID: 24703698
  31. plays a central role in relaying the positive feedback effects of estradiol on GnRH neurons. PMID: 24112790
  32. Loss of Kiss1 expression specifically disrupts embryo attachment to the uterus. PMID: 24877624
  33. Sex differences in reproductive genes Kiss1, Gnrh1, and Gad1 are critically disturbed in GABAB1-deficient mice, probably altering the organization and development of neural circuits governing the reproductive axis. PMID: 24080944
  34. Data from transgenic mice suggest that higher levels of circulating estradiol modify colocalization of Kiss1 and ERalpha (estrogen receptor alpha) and proportion of Kiss1 neurons acutely responding to ghrelin stimulation. PMID: 24473434
  35. BMP-4 suppresses kisspeptin-induced GnRH expression by reducing ERK signaling activity. PMID: 23880664
  36. GABAB signaling may normally directly or indirectly inhibit Kiss1 expression, particularly in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and medial amygdala PMID: 24424047
  37. kisspeptin induces LHbeta and FSHbeta gene expression, and this induction is protein kinase C dependent and mediated by the immediate early genes, early growth response factor 1 and cFos, respectively. PMID: 23770611
  38. results suggest that RFRP-3 may modulate a small proportion of kisspeptin-producing neurones in mice, particularly in the arcuate nucleus, whereas kisspeptin neurones are unlikely to have any direct reciprocal actions on RFRP-3 neurones PMID: 23927071
  39. a selective loss of kisspeptin inputs from the rostral periventricular area of the third ventricle to GnRH neurons during lactation is the likely mechanism causing lactational anovulation in the mouse PMID: 24169550
  40. The translation of Kiss1 mRNA and/or the degradation/transport/release of kisspeptins are different in mice and rats. PMID: 23651990
  41. These data indicate regulation of GnRH release by NK3R agonists is site specific and suggest that kisspeptin is not a required mediator between NK3R activation and GnRH secretion in the median eminence. PMID: 23928373
  42. Data suggest sex development can occur without GnRH (gonadotropin releasing hormone), but GnRH/down-stream estradiol signaling are needed before juvenile development for complete feminization/maximal Kiss1 expression in adult female thalamic nuclei. PMID: 23825121
  43. Data indicate that the 2 kisspeptin neuronal populations (anteroventral periventricular nucleus/periventricular nucleus continuum [AVPv/PeN] and arcuate nucleus [ARC]) seem to be differentially organized and activated by estradiol (E(2)). PMID: 23744640
  44. Data show that dynorphin and neurokinin B have opposing actions on the electrical activity of kisspeptin neurons. PMID: 23744641
  45. Data suggest that activation of neurokinin 3 and kappa-opioid receptors (NK3R and KOR) excites and inhibits kisspeptin, neurokinin B (NKB), and dynorphin (KNDy neurons). PMID: 23744642
  46. Data suggest that males require only 5% of normal Kiss1 expression to be reproductively competent, whereas females require higher levels for reproductive success. PMID: 23736293
  47. Liver receptor homolog-1 (LRH-1), a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, is expressed in kisspeptin neurons in the arcuate nucleus but not in the anteroventral periventricular in female mice. PMID: 23504956
  48. kisspeptin neurons are not the direct target of leptin in the onset of puberty. Leptin signaling in kisspeptin neurons arises only after completion of sexual maturation. PMID: 23505551
  49. kisspeptin neurons may contribute to the generation of the preovulatory gonadotropin-releasing hormone surge PMID: 23804103
  50. kisspeptin neurons are capable of burst firing, and their activity is modulated by sex steroids and other regulatory factors. PMID: 23550014

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Subcellular Location
Secreted.
Protein Families
KISS1 family
Tissue Specificity
Weak in all tissue types with highest levels in lung and 15- 17-day embryos. Expressed in areas of the hypothalamus implicated in the neuroendocrine regulation of gonadotropin secretion, including the anteroventral periventricular nucleus, the periventric
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