Recombinant Human Thyroid peroxidase(TPO),partial

1. genetic association studies in population in Japan: Data suggest that SNPs in TPO (rs2071400 C/T, rs2071403 A/G) are associated with development of Hashimoto's disease and Graves' disease, but not with the prognosis of individual patients in the population studied. PMID: 28845025
2. Biochemical properties of the TPO protein expressed in cancer and normal breast tissue are similar to those observed for the thyroid TPO. Nevertheless, there are some differences in comparison with the thyroid-tissue expressed protein, such as a lower N-glycan content, a slightly smaller polypeptide length, a decreased enzymatic activity, and undetectable dimer formation. PMID: 29513734
3. For the first time, we have isolated thyroid peroxidase by immunocytochemistry in the granulosa cumulus cells of the human ovarian follicle, thereby supporting the hypothesis that the human ovarian follicle may be an independent thyroid-hormone producing unit. PMID: 28277109
4. study to examine the relationship between the Asn698Thr (A2095C) and Thr725Pro (A2173C) polymorphisms of the TPO gene and anti-TPO levels in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism; ncreased anti-TPO antibodies were significantly associated with the A2173C polymorphism PMID: 28500830
5. Low expression of TPO is associated with dilated cardiomyopathy and impaired left ventricular function accompanied by increased risk of death. PMID: 29320567
6. Our findings suggest that variants inside or near TPO, ATXN2 and RASGRP1 genes are associated with HT. Identified loci are novel to HT and represent good basis for further exploration of HT susceptibility. PMID: 27268232
7. Our study indicated that the prevalence of TPO mutations was 1% among studied Chinese patients with CH. A novel TPO variation c.1682C>T/p. T561M was found, thereby expanding the mutational spectrum of the gene. PMID: 27173810
8. It is concluded that TPO 2173A>C polymorphism may be considered as a risk factor for developing autoimmune thyroiditis in patients with allergic rhinitis and asthma and that these patients should regularly be checked for hidden thyroiditis. PMID: 28502155
9. TPO transcripts were present in both normal and breast cancer tissue samples, although the amounts in the latter were reduced. TPO levels are lower in more advanced cancers. PMID: 28575127
10. Biallelic TPO mutations most commonly underlie severe congenital hypothyroidism. PMID: 27525530
11. The results of the study suggest that rs11675434 SNP located near TPO is associated with the development of Graves ophthalmopathy, especially in males and patients with later age of the disease onset. PMID: 27829681
12. Mutations in the TPO gene are associated with Congenital hypothyroidism and thyroid dyshormonogenesis. PMID: 26894573
13. Compound heterozygous mutations in the TPO gene are associated with congenital hypothyroidism. PMID: 27135621
14. Studies suggest that Thyroid Peroxidase autoantibodies in early to mid-pregnancy is associated with concurrent depression and may be predictive of depression in the postpartum period. PMID: 27011366
15. a homozygous nonsense mutation (R540X) in two patients with congenital hypothyroidism; the strong genotype/phenotype correlation associated with this mutation PMID: 26777044
16. Anti-thyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibodies and male gender were significantly associated with glucose impairment in patients with beta thalassemia major. PMID: 27123460
17. Lower pretreatment serum CXCL10 levels are associated with thyroid dysfunction. Thyroid dysfunction prevalence increases in female patients and patients who are positive for TPOAb at baseline. PMID: 26361424
18. This is the first description of a TD causing mutation in Tunisia and thus may help to develop a genetic screening protocol for congenital hypothyroidism in the studied region. PMID: 25968604
19. Two novel inactivating mutations (c.1970T> C and c.2665G> T) in the TPO gene cause congenital hypothyroidism. PMID: 26174974
20. function and autoantigenicity of TPO PMID: 26623656
21. This study confirms the pathogenicity of Y55X mutation in two patients with congenital hypothyroidism and demonstrates that a nonsense mutation in the amino-terminal coding region of the TPO gene could totally abolish the function of the TPO enzyme leading to total iodide organification defect. PMID: 25328990
22. analysis of thyroid peroxidase autoantibody levels in type 1 diabetes in discordant twin pairs PMID: 26070305
23. Data show that thyroperoxidase (TPO) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs4927611 TT and rs732609 CC are genotypes associated with potential risk for the congenital hypothyroidism (CH). PMID: 26663066
24. A single base deletion in the carboxyl-terminal coding region of the TPO gene could cause congenital hypothyroidism and helps to establish a genotype/phenotype correlation associated with the mutation. PMID: 25241611
25. Molecular cloning and functional studies of wild type and mutant forms harboring missense mutations in TPO gene showed decreased activity in the three mutants, higher Km values and lower reaction efficiencies (Vmax/Km). PMID: 25576858
26. The effects of inhibition of the TPO/c-MPL pathway on enhancing the chemotherapy sensitivity of AML cells. PMID: 24085601
27. The detection of the novel c.670_672del and c.1186C>T alterations expand the mutation spectrum of TPO associated with thyroid dyshormonogenesis. PMID: 25564141
28. The vWA and TPOX microsatellites are good candidate biomarkers in venous thromboembolism diseases and could help to elucidate their origins. PMID: 25250329
29. Variable clinical phenotypes in a family with homozygous c.1159G>A mutation in the thyroid peroxidase gene. PMID: 24717978
30. In conclusion, the c.2268dup mutation leads to the formation of normal and alternatively spliced TPO mRNA transcripts with a consequential loss of TPO enzymatic activity in Malaysian-Chinese patients with goitrous CH. PMID: 24745015
31. The results provide insight into why individuals with thyroid autoimmunity do or do not eventually develop thyroid disease, and these markers may therefore predict which TPOAb-positives are particularly at risk of developing clinical thyroid dysfunction. PMID: 24586183
32. The study suggested the possibility of TPO gene polymorphisms as a possible pathogenetic mechanism of hypothyroidism. PMID: 24420335
33. presented two children with CH who were born to consanguineous parents and were homozygous carriers of a missense (G319R) TPO mutation, the mutation segregated with the disease status in the families confirming its pathogenicity PMID: 24158420
34. There was shown an association of polymorphic variants of the gene DIO2 (274A > G) with elevated levels of antibodies to TPO and TPO gene (2173A > C) with elevated levels of free T4. PMID: 25306702
35. Our results point to a redundant role for the propeptide sequence in TPO. It is expressed in a membrane-anchored, enzymatically active form that is insensitive to intramolecular proteolysis, and importantly is recognized by patients' autoantibodies PMID: 23668778
36. One fourth of type 1 diabetes mellitus pregnant women presented with positive anti-TPO antibodies. However, the presence of anti-TPO antibodies does not seem to be related with worse metabolic control or adverse pregnancy outcome. PMID: 23985426
37. 21 TPO mutations in 28 thyroid dyshormonogenesis cases were identified showing potential linkage to this locus PMID: 23236987
38. Congenital goitrous primary hypothyroidism in two German families caused by novel thyroid peroxidase (TPO) gene mutations PMID: 23512414
39. TPO as a gene involved in the risk of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). PMID: 23754668
40. congenital goitrous hypothyroidism of the Chinese siblings was due to the TPO gene mutations (c.2268-2269 insT and c.2089 G>A) PMID: 23329183
41. Data indicate that the association between miscarriage and increased anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) levels. PMID: 23672306
42. Positive anti-TPO antibody in asthmatic patients may show presence of a hidden autoimmune thyroiditis in these patients. PMID: 22947910
43. In a consanguineous Pakistani family with intellectual disability, Homozygosity mapping located the causative defect on chromosome 2p25.3-p25.2. Targeted next-generation sequencing revealed an intragenic deletion of 5 exons of TPO. PMID: 22387573
44. analysis of how minimally invasive follicular thyroid carcinoma developed in dyshormonogenetic multinodular goiter due to thyroid peroxidase gene mutation [case report] PMID: 22435912
45. the correlation between TPOab and diagnostic parameters among newly diagnosed breast cancer patients PMID: 22149743
46. Findings confirm the genetic heterogeneity of TPO defects and the importance of the implementation of molecular studies to determinate the aetiology of the CH with dyshormonogenesis. PMID: 21981063
47. Data suggest that in Hashimoto's thyroiditis, both antigens, TPO and thyroglobulin, are recognized by peripheral and thyroid gland infiltrating CD8-positive T-cells and are involved in thyroid destruction leading to clinical disease manifestation. PMID: 22259066
48. The study identified underlying TSHR and TPO mutations in Korean patients with congenital hypothyroidism and revealed a possible relationship between imaging findings and mutation status. PMID: 21707688
49. In the presence of the C allele of T1936C, Anti-TPO level was significantly increased. PMID: 22326521
50. A high frequency of mutation in the TPO gene was detected in patients with congenital hypothyroidism. PMID: 22093430
51. TSHR and TPO gene mutations were identified alone and together in individuals of a consanguineous kindred; homozygotes for the TSHR and a compound heterozygote for the TPO mutations were hypothyroid PMID: 21490078
52. Two different TPO gene mutations were found to be responsible for congenital hypothyroidism with iodide organification defect in two unrelated Turkish families from the same ethnic background. PMID: 20963560
53. TPO consumes hydrogen peroxide produced by dual oxidase, decreasing the availability of this substance at the apical membrane of thyrocytes. PMID: 20826581
54. Loss of expression of RASSF1A and TPO mRNA are closely related to the development of thyroid papillary carcinoma. PMID: 19799084
55. hypothyroidism and goiter due to TPO missense mutations (Review) PMID: 20153806
56. Thyroid peroxidase gene mutations causes congenital hypothyroidism in three Turkish families. PMID: 20101889
57. TPO binds to dualoxidases;defects in this association could impair thyroid hormone synthesis and lead to thyroid insufficiency and cell damage. PMID: 19952225
58. Two novel missense mutations in the thyroid peroxidase gene, R665W and G771R, result in a localization defect and cause congenital hypothyroidism. PMID: 11916616
59. Thyroperoxidase folds in one complex B-cell immunodominant region. PMID: 12135610
60. High prevalence of a novel mutation pf the High prevalence of a novel mutation (2268 insT) of the thyroid peroxidase gene in Taiwanese patients with total iodide organification defect, and evidence for a founder effect PMID: 12213873
61. investigation of diversity generated by alternative splicing PMID: 12454013
62. Positivity in TPO-RT-PCR correlates significantly with metastatic disease in cancer patients and with the presence of thyroid disease in general. PMID: 12459031
63. human TPO has a discontinuous immunodominant region recognized by human anti-thyroperoxidase autoantibodies in autoimmune thyroid diseases PMID: 12501244
64. the location of the TPO immunodominant region is, from their binding characteristics, the CCP/EGF-like domain lies on the fringe of the TPO immunodominant region. PMID: 12593722
65. This enzyme is a marker in thyroid tumors. PMID: 12820316
66. The distribution of the polymorphisms indicated that only the mutant paternal allele is transcribed at the thyroid tissue level so this mechanism might be generally involved in total iodide organificaton defect cases with a single TPO-mutated allele. PMID: 12843174
67. Five novel inactivating mutations in the TPO gene have been identified in patients with congenital goiter and iodide organification defects. PMID: 12938097
68. C4 may bind to TPO and activate the complement pathway in autoimmune conditions. PMID: 12960013
69. TPO gene sequence alterations may partially affect the functional state of the translated protein or affect its transport to the apical membrane. PMID: 14751036
70. organification of radioiodide into proteins of thyroid cancer cells exogenously co-expressing TPO and the sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) is strictly dependent of TPO and not of NIS. PMID: 15062578
71. identification of the minimal epitope 713-717 recognized by mAb 47 (a reference antibody) and the amino acids used as contact points for two IDR-specific human monoclonal autoantibodies PMID: 15150267
72. In conclusion, the results of this study show that the splicing of hTPO increases in benign and malignant thyroid tissues. PMID: 15196594
73. The autoimmune response to TPO regions outside the IDR (A + B) epitopes is stronger then previously assumed and this response is also conformation dependent. PMID: 15497454
74. the prosequence of thyroperoxidase plays a crucial role as an intramolecular chaperone, facilitating the folding of hTPO PMID: 15590661
75. results are in accordance with previous observations confirming the genetic heterogeneity of TPO defects in congenital hypothyroidism PMID: 15745925
76. residues (604)ETP-DL(609) play a role in the anti-peptide P14 epitope and that IDR/A-specific human anti-TPO aAbs, expressed as recombinant Fab or obtained from Graves' disease patients, recognize the sequences (597)FCGLPRLE(604) and (611)TAIASRSV(618) PMID: 15761037
77. In conclusion, incubation of normal or GD thyrocytes with Th1 cytokines induces a significant reduction in TSH-increased expression of both TPO and ThOXs, an effect partially mediated by NO. PMID: 16478776
78. Immunohistochemical assay of TPO expression has limited value for the differential diagnosis of follicular thyroid carcinoma from thyroid follicular adenoma. PMID: 16614712
79. thyroid peroxidase may have a role in development of thyroid papillary carcinoma PMID: 16756464
80. presence of TPO in Graves' ophthalmopathy and normal orbital adipose tissues PMID: 16868133
81. Identification of key residues within the autoreactive epitopes of TPO. PMID: 16959834
82. Evolution of thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) and thyrtropin receptor antibody activities before, during, and after treatment of Graves' disease (GD) with carbimazole. PMID: 17042691
83. a subgroup of type 1 diabetic patients has a female bias, a failure in tolerance to thyroid peroxidase, and is sensitive to allelic variation of the negative regulatory molecule CTLA-4 PMID: 17334650
84. Three different TPO gene mutations were found to be responsible for iodide organification defect in a consanguineous Israeli population. PMID: 17381485
85. results showed a higher prevalence of TPO gene mutations in thyroid dyshormonogenesis when compared with published studies; the high percentage of single allele mutations implied possible intronic or regulatory TPO gene mutations or monoallelic expression PMID: 17468186
86. Two compound heterozygous mutations (c.215delA/c.2422T-->C and c.387delC/c.1159G-->A) in the thyroid peroxidase gene are responsible for congenital goitre and iodide organification defect.(238-46) PMID: 17547680
87. Significant reduction of serum anti-TPO levels during the first 6 months of selenomethionine therapy in Hashimoto thyroiditis. PMID: 17696828
88. TPO antibodies could be used as a screening test for postpartum thyroid dysfunction (PPTD) prediction at least among women who present a high risk of developing PPTD. PMID: 17845204
89. Although goitrous congenital hypothyroidism generally follows a recessive mode of inheritance, the high frequency of TPO mutations carriers may lead to pseudodominant inheritance. PMID: 18029453
90. study revealed a significant correlation of BRAFV600E mutation with a lower expression of both sodium iodide symporter and thyroperoxidase in papillary thyroid cancer PMID: 18509003
91. there is as yet no conclusive kinetic evidence that iodination occurs via formation of a TPO-bound iodinated intermediate PMID: 18631006
92. Although thyroperoxidase presence may indicate favorable prognosis of papillary cancer, expression of galectin-3 illustrates the potential importance of this protein in the pathogenesis and/or progression of differentiated thyroid carcinomas. PMID: 18657294
93. The finding of higher PDS, TPO and TSH-R mRNA expression in paediatric vs. adult primary tumour tissues supports the hypothesis that this might contribute to the increased functional activity of metastases in the paediatric group. PMID: 18710471
94. The identified thyroid peroxidase gene mutation (R314W) is very likely the genetic cause for hypothyroidism in the reported child. PMID: 19189706
95. SOCS3 inhibits TPO-induced megakaryocytic proliferation in normal and primary myelofibrosis but not the spontaneous growth in primary myelofibrosis PMID: 19225535
96. Two novel mutations in thyroid peroxidase (TPO) gene in children with congenital hypothyroidism PMID: 19243353
97. Patients with dry eye and mouth syndrome present with sicca features and nonspecific musculoskeletal complaints, have high prevalence of antithyroid antibodies PMID: 19605678
98. Results describe the effects of thionamides on the structure of thyroid peroxidase. PMID: 19669106
99. Children with subclinical hypothyroidism and mutation analysis of the thyroid peroxidase gene. PMID: 19960894

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HGNC: 12015

OMIM: 274500

KEGG: hsa:7173

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000318820

UniGene: Hs.467554