Infectious Diseases

Coronaviruses are types of viruses that typically affect the respiratory tracts of birds and mammals, including humans. Human coronaviruses (HCoVs) belong to order Nidovirales, family Coronaviridae, subfamily Coronavirinae, and either genus Alphacoronavirus or Betacoronavirus.Seven known HCoVs have been identified, namely HCoV-229E, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-HKU1, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2.

Herpesviridae is the name of a family of enveloped, double-stranded DNA viruses with relatively large complex genomes, also known as herpesviruses.Of the more than 100 known herpesviruses, 8 routinely infect only humans. They are the herpes simplex virus 1, herpes simplex virus 2, varicella-zoster virus, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, Human herpesvirus-6, Human herpesvirus-7, and Kaposi's sarcoma herpes virus.

Flavivirus is a genus of viruses in the family Flaviviridae that are found mainly in mosquitoes and ticks and can occasionally contract humans. This genus includes the West Nile virus, dengue virus, tick-borne encephalitis virus, yellow fever virus, Zika virus and several other viruses which may cause encephalitis.

Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver. Viruses cause most cases of hepatitis. It may present in acute form as a recent infection with relatively rapid onset, or in chronic form.The most common causes of viral hepatitis are the five unrelated hepatotropic viruses hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a retrovirus belonging to the genus Lentivirus within the family of Retroviridae, subfamily Orthoretrovirinae.Based on the genetic characteristics and differences in the viral antigens, HIV is divided into HIV-1 and HIV-2.

Influenza viruses belong to the family Orthomyxoviridae, a family that represents enveloped viruses.It is speculated that humans may contract the flu at the beginning of domesticating animals. Influenza viruses are mainly divided into three species: influenza A virus, influenza B virus, and influenza C virus.

Poliovirus, also called polio, is a virus that causes Poliomyelitis. The virus spreads from person to person and can infect a person's spinal cord, causing paralysis

Poxviruses, family Poxviridae, are responsible for a wide range of pox diseases in humans and other animals. Most notably variola virus (VARA), the cause of smallpox. Variola virus (VARA) and vaccinia virus (VACV) are the most notably poxvirus around the world.

Rabies virus (RABV), also known as rabies, is a deadly virus spread to people from the saliva of infected animals. It is the acute infectious disease with the highest human fatality rate so far.