GZMA Antibody

Code CSB-PA009084
Size US$100
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Product Details

Uniprot No.
Target Names
GZMA
Alternative Names
CTL tryptase antibody; CTLA3 antibody; Cytolytic t cell and natural killer cell specific trypsin like serine protease antibody; Cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated serine esterase 3 antibody; Cytotoxic T lymphocyte proteinase 1 antibody; Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte proteinase 1 antibody; Fragmentin 1 antibody; Fragmentin-1 antibody; GRAA_HUMAN antibody; Granzyme 1 cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated serine esterase 3 antibody; Granzyme A (Cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated serine esterase 3, Hanukah factor serine protease) antibody; Granzyme A (granzyme 1, cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated serine esterase 3) antibody; Granzyme A antibody; Granzyme A precursor antibody; Granzyme-1 antibody; GZMA antibody; H factor antibody; Hanukah factor serine protease antibody; Hanukkah factor antibody; HF antibody; HFSP antibody; TSP1 antibody
Raised in
Rabbit
Species Reactivity
Human
Immunogen
Synthesized peptide derived from the Internal region of Human Granzyme A.
Immunogen Species
Homo sapiens (Human)
Conjugate
Non-conjugated
Isotype
IgG
Purification Method
The antibody was affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogen.
Concentration
It differs from different batches. Please contact us to confirm it.
Buffer
Liquid in PBS containing 50% glycerol, 0.5% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide.
Form
Liquid
Tested Applications
IHC, IF, ELISA
Recommended Dilution
Application Recommended Dilution
IHC 1:100-1:300
IF 1:200-1:1000
ELISA 1:5000
Troubleshooting and FAQs
Storage
Upon receipt, store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze.
Lead Time
Basically, we can dispatch the products out in 1-3 working days after receiving your orders. Delivery time maybe differs from different purchasing way or location, please kindly consult your local distributors for specific delivery time.

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Target Background

Function
Abundant protease in the cytosolic granules of cytotoxic T-cells and NK-cells which activates caspase-independent pyroptosis when delivered into the target cell through the immunological synapse. It cleaves after Lys or Arg. Once delivered into the target cell, acts by catalyzing cleavage of gasdermin-B (GSDMB), releasing the pore-forming moiety of GSDMB, thereby triggering pyroptosis and target cell death. Cleaves APEX1 after 'Lys-31' and destroys its oxidative repair activity. Cleaves the nucleosome assembly protein SET after 'Lys-189', which disrupts its nucleosome assembly activity and allows the SET complex to translocate into the nucleus to nick and degrade the DNA.
Gene References into Functions
  1. GzmA produced by lesional CD8 T cells has the capacity to specifically increase chemokine secretion from inflamed keratinocytes, thereby sustaining the focal inflammation in psoriasis lesions by amplifying a chemotactic inflammatory loop. PMID: 28094457
  2. granzyme A in human platelets increases with aging PMID: 29167233
  3. GzmA plays an unfavorable role in host defense during pneumococcal pneumonia by a mechanism that does not depend on natural killer cells. PMID: 27343190
  4. Carbamate pesticides significantly reduced the intracellular levels of perforin, GrA, GrB, Gr3/K, and GRN in NK-92CI cells. PMID: 25921628
  5. Our results suggest that granzyme A could be considered another biomarker of TB, that can be used, other than IFN-gamma, to discriminate between patients with active TB and LTBI subjects PMID: 26051682
  6. Delivered into parasite infected cells by granulysin and perforin, granzymes generate superoxide and inactivate oxidative defense enzymes to kill the parasite. PMID: 26752517
  7. Taken together, the authors verified that histone H3 is a real substrate for GzmA in vivo in the Raji cells treated by staurosporin. PMID: 26032366
  8. Results reveal enhanced intra- and extracellular expression of gzmA and B in patients with pulmonary TB, suggesting that gzms are part of the host response to tuberculosis. PMID: 26156785
  9. Levels of GZMA and ITGAE mRNAs in colon tissues can identify patients with UC who are most likely to benefit from etrolizumab; expression levels decrease with etrolizumab administration in biomarker(high) patients. PMID: 26522261
  10. GzmA and GzmB expressing cells in the airways and lung parenchyma was higher in subjects who died from asthma PMID: 25745046
  11. Data indicate N-terminomics on the human and mouse granzymes A and K by combined fractional diagonal chromatography (COFRADIC). PMID: 25383893
  12. We herewith identify GZMA as critical effector molecule of human Treg function for gastrointestinal immune response in an experimental GvHD model. PMID: 25928296
  13. The exocytosed granzyme A enters target cells and mediates IL-1beta maturation independently of caspase-1 and without inducing cytotoxicity. PMID: 25437548
  14. Serum concentrations of granzyme A in patients with ovarian cancer were substantially increased in comparison to concentrations in patients with ovarian cystadenomas or ovarian teratomas. PMID: 24673566
  15. functional divergence between human and mouse granzyme A PMID: 24505135
  16. Patients with chronic immune thrombocytopenia have elevated serum granzyme A levels. PMID: 22476618
  17. A critical and previously unsuspected role is revealed for granzymes A and B in dictating immunogenicity by influencing the mode of tumor cell death. PMID: 21709155
  18. The results indicate that GzmA and GzmB are implicated in mechanisms of neurodegeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. PMID: 21349256
  19. investigation of substrate specificity toward Jurkat cell proteins; more than 260 cleavage sites, almost exclusively favoring basic residues at the P1 position, in approximately 200 unique protein substrates, were identified PMID: 20536382
  20. Human eosinophils exert TNF-alpha and granzyme A-mediated tumoricidal activity toward colon carcinoma cells. PMID: 21068403
  21. HMG2 interacts with the nucleosome assembly protein SET and is a target of the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte protease granzyme A. PMID: 11909973
  22. results demonstrate discordant expression of granzymes A and B in human lymphocyte subsets and T regulatory cells, which suggests that different granzymes may play unique roles in immune system responses and regulation PMID: 15238416
  23. polymorphonuclear leukocytes from mice and humans lack the 3 cytotoxic effector molecules, gzmA, granzyme B, and perforin, generally associated with natural killer and cytotoxic T lymphocytes PMID: 15998831
  24. Mouse granzyme B is 30 times less cytotoxic than human granzyme B and does not require Bid for killing but regains cytotoxicity on engineering of its active site cleft. Mouse granzyme A is considerably more cytotoxic than human granzyme A. PMID: 17116752
  25. GrA expression is increased in type II pneumocytes of patients with very severe COPD. These results indicate that GrA may be important in the development of COPD. PMID: 17138956
  26. GzmK-induced caspase-independent death occurs through Bid-dependent mitochondrial damage that is different from GzmA PMID: 17308307
  27. Report activation of the granzymeA/B pathway in children with severe respiratory syncytial virus infection. PMID: 18317234
  28. GzmA accesses the mitochondrial matrix to cleave the complex I protein NDUFS3, an iron-sulfur subunit of the NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase complex I. PMID: 18485875
  29. GZMA causes detachment of alveolar epithelial A549 cells accompanied by interleukin-8 release. PMID: 18776661
  30. the granule secretory pathway plays an unexpected role in inflammation, with GzmA acting as an endogenous modulator PMID: 18951048
  31. Data suggest that 1, 25(OH)(2) vitamin D(3) suppresses granzyme A probably by down-regulating Th1 cytokine response, and tah vitamin D receptor gene variants might regulate cytotoxic T-cell response by suppression of granzyme A expression in tuberculosis. PMID: 19014932
  32. GrK not only constitutes a redundant functional backup mechanism that assists GrA-induced cell death but that it also displays a unique function by cleaving its own specific substrates. PMID: 19059912
  33. The N-terminal GzmA cleavage fragment of PARP-1 acts as a PARP-1 dominant negative, binding to DNA and blocking DNA repair. PMID: 19506301
  34. Granzyme A is a proinflammatory protease. PMID: 19875524

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Subcellular Location
[Isoform alpha]: Secreted. Cytoplasmic granule.
Protein Families
Peptidase S1 family, Granzyme subfamily
Database Links

HGNC: 4708

OMIM: 140050

KEGG: hsa:3001

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000274306

UniGene: Hs.90708

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