Product Details

Purity

Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Target Names

TAC1

Uniprot No.

P20366

Research Area

Neuroscience

Alternative Names

C-terminal-flanking peptide; Hs.2563; neurokinin 1; neurokinin 2; neurokinin A; neurokinin alpha; Neuromedin L; neuropeptide gamma; neuropeptide K; NK2; NKA; NKNA; NPK; PPT; preprotachykinin; protachykinin; protachykinin-1; Substance K; SubstanceP; TAC1; TAC2; TAC2; formerly; Tachykinin 1; tachykinin 2; tachykinin 2; formerly; Tachykinin precursor 1; tachykinin; precursor 1 (substance K; substance P; neurokinin 1; neurokinin 2; neuromedin L; neurokinin alpha; neuropeptide K; neuropeptide gamma); Tachykinin1; TKN1_HUMAN

Species

Homo sapiens (Human)

Source

E.coli

Expression Region

1-129aa

Target Protein Sequence

MKILVALAVFFLVSTQLFAEEIGANDDLNYWSDWYDSDQIKEELPEPFEHLLQRIARRPKPQQFFGLMGKRDADSSIEKQVALLKALYGHGQISHKRHKTDSFVGLMGKRALNSVAYERSAMQNYERRR
Note: The complete sequence including tag sequence, target protein sequence and linker sequence could be provided upon request.

Mol. Weight

42.0kDa

Protein Length

Full Length

Tag Info

N-terminal GST-tagged

Form

Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Note: We will preferentially ship the format that we have in stock, however, if you have any special requirement for the format, please remark your requirement when placing the order, we will prepare according to your demand.

Buffer

If the delivery form is liquid, the default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol.
Note: If you have any special requirement for the glycerol content, please remark when you place the order.
If the delivery form is lyophilized powder, the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.

Reconstitution

We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference.

Troubleshooting and FAQs

Protein FAQs

Storage Condition

Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Shelf Life

The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself.
Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.

Lead Time

3-7 business days

Notes

Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Datasheet & COA

Please contact us to get it.

Description

The region for expressing recombinant Human TAC1 contains amino acids 1-129. This TAC1 protein is expected to have a theoretical molecular weight of 42 kDa. This protein is generated in a e.coli-based system. The TAC1 coding gene included the N-terminal GST tag, which simplifies the detection and purification processes of the recombinant TAC1 protein in following stages of expression and purification.

Protachykinin-1 is the precursor for tachykinin-1 (TAC1), a neuropeptide involved in various physiological processes, including neurotransmission, inflammation, and pain perception. TAC1 is predominantly expressed in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Substance P, produced by the proteolytic cleavage of the TAC1 precursor, acts as a neurotransmitter and neuromodulator, playing a role in nociception, mood regulation, and immune responses. The research on TAC1 spans multiple areas, including neuroscience, pain biology, and immunology, as dysregulation of substance P signaling has been implicated in conditions such as chronic pain, neuroinflammation, and mood disorders. Understanding the function and regulation of TAC1 and substance P contributes to the development of therapeutic strategies targeting these systems for various clinical applications.

Target Background

Function

Tachykinins are active peptides which excite neurons, evoke behavioral responses, are potent vasodilators and secretagogues, and contract (directly or indirectly) many smooth muscles.

Gene References into Functions

Preincubation of LAD2 cells with the natural flavonoid methoxyluteolin (1-100 mM) inhibits (P < 0.0001) secretion and gene expression of IL-1beta, procaspase-1, and pro-IL-1beta. Mast cell secretion of IL-1beta in response to SP and IL-33 reveals targets for the development of antiinflammatory therapies. PMID: 30232261
High TAC1 expression is associated with primary central nervous system lymphoma. PMID: 28521029
These findings reported here for the first time suggest an important role for a SP/NK1R system, either as genetic and/or epigenetic factor, in both the cytoplasm and nucleus functions of the adipose stem cells. PMID: 28500728
This study showed that ADMA, carbonyl groups, CAT and NKA can be useful markers of chronic stress in both males and females with depression, PTSD, and depression concurrent with PTSD. PMID: 28554099
Inhibition of SP through use of a neurokinin 1 (NK1) antagonist is highly beneficial following both traumatic brain injury (TBI) and ischaemic stroke in pre-clinical models. The role of CGRP is more unclear, especially with respect to TBI, with both elevations and reductions in CGRP levels reported following trauma PMID: 28817088
serum SP levels during the first week could be used as a biomarker of sepsis mortality. PMID: 28714876
elevated plasma SP level, up-regulated expression of SP and NK1R indicate that the SP/NK1R complex is important in the development of Atopic dermatitis. PMID: 28460633
High methylation of TAC1 is associated with head and neck cancer. PMID: 27027429
Data suggest that serum substance P concentrations at the day of oocyte retrieval after ovulation induction may be used to predict oocyte maturation during in vitro oocyte maturation to be followed by intracytoplasmic sperm injections and may be an indirect indicator for treatment outcome in women with infertility. PMID: 27908224
expressed in mural granulosa and cumulus cells PMID: 27146034
Expression substance P/neurokinin A/hemokinin-1 and their preferred neurokinin 1/neurokinin 2 receptors are dysregulated in uterine leiomyomata. PMID: 27456549
These results suggest that Substance P can retain the therapeutic effect of adipose-derived stem cells by elevating their proliferative and paracrine potential in ex vivo culture. PMID: 28192115
Data suggest that endogenous tachykinin ligands for neurokinin-1 receptor exhibit large variations in binding/activation kinetics; substance P exhibits fast association kinetics; neurokinin A exhibits slow association kinetics. PMID: 27501920
Mapping the co-localization of the circadian proteins PER2 and BMAL1 with enkephalin and substance P throughout the rat forebrain has been reported. PMID: 28423013
Circulating Neurokinin A >/= 50 ng/L is a strong indicator of poor prognosis when Neurokinin A remains above this concentration PMID: 26038607
Substance P enhances tissue factor release from granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-dependent macrophages via the p22phox/beta-arrestin 2/Rho A signaling pathway. PMID: 26852662
Decrease of mGluR5 receptor density goes parallel with changes in enkephalin and substance P immunoreactivity in Huntington's disease PMID: 24969128
Report absence of full-length neurokinin-1 receptor protein expression by cutaneous T cells in mycosis fungoides and discuss substance P signaling. PMID: 25783846
findings suggest a proinflammatory role for SP in autoimmune inflammation PMID: 25690155
The spatial structures of human, mouse, and rat hemokinin-1 protein isoforms have been presented. PMID: 26349209
Substance P was significantly increased in hypertrophic scars compared with matched unburned skin. In the reticular dermis and papillary dermis, SP represented significant correlation with pain. PMID: 24908181
High TAC1 expression is associated with breast cancer. PMID: 25750171
An increased presence of Substance P in the trochanteric bursa may be related to the pain associated with greater trochanteric pain syndrome. PMID: 24563019
Substance P is upregulated in the serum of patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria PMID: 24844859
SP may influence the KP and NKB secretory output via additional autocrine/paracrine mechanisms or regulate GnRH neurosecretion directly. PMID: 23977290
we define a three-gene panel, CDO1, HOXA9, and TAC1, which we subsequently validate in two independent cohorts of primary NSCLC samples PMID: 24486589
The results showed that the expression of SP and CGRP was significantly enhanced in the neurogenic SMSCs in response to IL-1beta, IL-6 and TNF-alpha, and the effect was remarkably inhibited by HA. PMID: 25135735
The antimicrobial peptide substance P has activity against invasive bacteria and fungi. PMID: 12074933
TAC1 expression level was differentially altered in Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis patients. PMID: 23827863
study investigated the role of SP in promoting the development of brain tumors; an increase in the levels of SP was noted in brain tumors; results suggest that SP and its NK1 receptor may play a major role in the progression of certain types of brain tumors PMID: 24374326
SP induces higher levels of CD163 in monocytes and that high expression of CD163 is associated with increases HIV infection in macrophages. PMID: 24577568
Substance P may be protective acutely following ischemia-reperfusion, but damaging long-term in non-ischemic induced remodeling and heart failure. PMID: 24286592
Overexpression of membrane metalloendopeptidase inhibits substance P stimulation of cholangiocarcinoma growth. PMID: 24603459
Copper(II) complexes of neuropeptide gamma with point mutations (S8,16A) products of metal-catalyzed oxidation. PMID: 24084156
Data indicate that both nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) cells expressed Substance P (SP) at low levels. PMID: 23873242
Substance P does not play any important role in pruritus in hemodialysed and peritoneal dialyzed patients. PMID: 23995243
Serum methylation levels of TAC1, SEPT9, and EYA4 were significant discriminants between stage I colorectal cancer and healthy controls. PMID: 23862763
TRH, LH-RH and substance P are not affected in Alzheimer disease and Down's syndrome. PMID: 24010162
The results showed that SP is present in the gengival sulcus in elements undergoing orthodontic forces during treatment with Invisalign technique and not in the control teeth. PMID: 23737731
Our results suggest that Substance P plays an important role in the development of pancreatic cancer metastasis and PNI, and blocking the SP/NK-1R signaling system is a novel strategy for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. PMID: 23345604
Data indicate that circulating substance P (SP) and TGF-beta1 levels are increased in patients with myelofibrosis. PMID: 22906243
CpG hypermethylation is a likely mechanism of TAC1 and TACR1 gene inactivation, supporting the hypothesis that TAC1 and TACR1 play a role in the tumorigenesis of HNSCC and that this hypermethylation may serve as an important biomarker. PMID: 23420374
SP stimulates complement C3 secretion in adipocytes, and expression of NK1R in human omental adipose tissue correlates with plasma complement C3. PMID: 23257919
Elevated substance P levels might be regarded as an important contributor of sulfur mustard-induced chronic pruritus and a potential target for reducing the symptoms PMID: 22681041
Expression of esophageal epithelial CGRP and substance P is increased, and correlates negatively with perception thresholds in non-erosive reflux disease. PMID: 22961239
This study aims to explore the associations of polymorphisms in tachykinin, precursor 1 (TAC1), tachykinin receptor 1 (TACR1), and tachykinin receptor 2 (TACR2) genes and their interactions with the risk of colorectal cancer among Chinese population. PMID: 22733436
This study indicates that SP, mediated via NK-1 R, increases collagen remodeling and leads to increased MMP3 mRNA and protein expression that is further enhanced by cyclic mechanical loading. PMID: 22836729
These data suggest a direct relationship between central nervous system substance P containing neural circuits and aggression in human subjects PMID: 22449753
Tissue and serum levels of substance P were increased in chronic pancreatitis, while neprilysin levels remained unaltered. PMID: 22572771
The unique co-existence of SP and phospho-NMDAR1 in tendinopathy presumably reflects a tissue proliferative and nociceptive role. PMID: 22354721

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Subcellular Location

Secreted.

Protein Families

Tachykinin family

Database Links

HGNC: 11517

OMIM: 162320

KEGG: hsa:6863

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000321106

UniGene: Hs.2563

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Code	CSB-EP023062HU
MSDS	MSDS
Size	$224
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Image	(Tris-Glycine gel) Discontinuous SDS-PAGE (reduced) with 5% enrichment gel and 15% separation gel.
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Recombinant Human Protachykinin-1 (TAC1)

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