Recombinant Human Atypical chemokine receptor 2 (ACKR2)-VLPs

1. Data suggest that MIRN146b and MIR10b directly bind 3'-untranslated region of ACKR2 and down-regulate expression of ACKR2 in keratinocytes and in lymphatic endothelial cells, respectively. (ACKR2 = atypical chemokine receptor 2) PMID: 29279330
2. ACKR2 is induced after traumatic brain injuries and has a significant impact on mortality and lesion development acutely following closed head injury. PMID: 29176798
3. ACKR2 is a molecular regulator play a role in inflammatory changes in patients with psoriasis. PMID: 28010760
4. Data indicates that D6 is concentrated on trophoblast cell membranes in pre-eclampsia, in line with higher circulating levels of D6-ligand chemokines, but its scavenging activity is affected by trophoblast cytoskeleton disarrangement. PMID: 27780270
5. ACKR2 mediates chemokine scavenging by primary human trophoblasts. PMID: 25297873
6. Data show the structural motifs in the atypical chemokine receptor 2 (ACKR2) are responsible for ligand binding, and suggest ACKR2-derived N-terminal peptides as being of potential therapeutic significance. PMID: 24644289
7. Data show that low decoy receptor D6 expression correlated to more invasive tumors and that tumor location influences D6 expression, which is lower in the more distal parts of the colon. PMID: 24013383
8. engagement of the ACR D6 by its ligands activates a beta-arrestin1-dependent, G protein-independent signaling pathway that results in the phosphorylation of the actin-binding protein cofilin through the Rac1-PAK1-LIMK1 cascade. PMID: 23633677
9. co-expression of DARC, D6, and CCX-CKR significantly associated with higher survival in gastric cancer PMID: 23462454
10. D6, which is upregulated in both inflammatory and tumor contexts, is an essential regulator of inflammatory leukocyte interactions with lymphatic endothelial cells(LECs) and is required for immature/mature DC discrimination by LECs. PMID: 23479571
11. We here summarize the knowledge available today on D6 structural and signaling properties and its essential role for the control of inflammatory cells traffic and proper development of the adaptive immune response. PMID: 22939232
12. CCL2 binding to primary adult human astrocytes is CCR2-independent and is likely to be mediated via the D6 decoy. PMID: 22226505
13. D6 is expressed in AMs from patients with COPD, and its expression correlates with the degree of functional impairment and markers of immune activation. PMID: 22797410
14. These data demonstrate a novel role for D6 as a regulator of the transition from uninvolved to lesional skin in psoriasis. PMID: 22867710
15. Chemokine decoy receptor D6 limits CC-chemokine-dependent pathogenic inflammation and is required for adequate cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction. PMID: 22796582
16. DARC and D6, the most studied members of this group of molecules, are reviewed. PMID: 21151196
17. Chemokne D6 expression is higher in biopsies taken from more severe cardiac allograft rejection. PMID: 20404785
18. D6 protein is found predominantly inside human choriocarcinoma-derived cells with only a small fraction available on the cell surface at any one time, yet it can progressively remove extracellular chemokines, without apparent desensitization. PMID: 20147628
19. CCR10 is unlikely to be necessary for cutaneous homing of TH cells in the models studied here. CCR10 may instead play a role in the movement of specialized "effector" cutaneous TH cells to and/or within epidermal microenvironments. PMID: 12406880
20. In lymphatic vessels D6 acts as a nonsignaling decoy receptor and scavenger for inflammatory CC chemokines, by clearing them and preventing excessive diffusion via afferent lymphatics to lymph nodes. PMID: 12594248
21. CCR10 and its mucosal epithelial ligand CCL28 have roles in the migration of circulating IgA plasmablasts PMID: 12671049
22. D6 is constitutively internalized via a ligand-independent, phosphorylation-independent association with beta-arrestin. PMID: 15084596
23. We also propose that lymphatic endothelial cell-expressed D6 might have a distinct but complementary role in restricting inflammatory leukocyte access to the lymphatic vasculature. PMID: 16814608
24. demonstrate the importance of proinflammatory CC chemokines in de novo tumorigenesis and reveal chemokine sequestration by D6 to be a novel and effective method of tumor suppression PMID: 17607362
25. the heptahelical body of D6 on its own can engage the endocytotic machinery of HEK293 cells but that the C terminus is indispensable for scavenging because it prevents initial chemokine engagement of D6 from inhibiting subsequent chemokine uptake. PMID: 18201974
26. Emphasis on two new players involved in regulating inflammation at the maternal-fetal interface: the long pentraxin PTX3 and the decoy receptor for inflammatory chemokines D6. PMID: 18676013
27. D6 plays a negative role in the growth and metastasis of breast cancer. PMID: 18708360
28. D6 expression is GATA1 dependent PMID: 18714007
29. Genetic variations are associated with liver inflammation in chronic hepatitis C PMID: 18822328
30. Immunohistochemistry on lung lymph nodes from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis showed that D6 expression was prominent in lymphatic endothelial cells, while CD68-positive macrophages did not stain for D6. PMID: 19446728
31. D6 cooperates with CD26 in the negative regulation of CCL14 by the selective degradation of its biologically active isoform. PMID: 19632987

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HGNC: 1565

OMIM: 602648

KEGG: hsa:1238

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000273145

UniGene: Hs.146346