Recombinant Mouse Thyroid hormone receptor alpha (Thra)

1. Data suggest that gestational/maternal endocrine disruptor DEHP [di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate] exposure dose-dependently causes fetal IUGR (intrauterine growth restriction); mRNA levels of placental Thra1 and Thrb1 are reduced and nuclear translocation of placental Thra1 and Thrb1 is suppressed in DEHP-exposed mice. PMID: 29753845
2. neonatal hypothyroidism alters localization and expression of THRalpha1. PMID: 27519547
3. Study demonstrated an anxiety-related phenotype in mice expressing a neuron-specific TRalpha mutation. This provides evidence that altered thyroid hormone signaling in the brain impacts adult behavior. PMID: 28011173
4. the Gata-1 gene was a T3-directly regulated gene and that TRa1PV could impair erythropoiesis via repression of the Gata-1 gene and its regulated genes. These results provide new insights into how TRa1 mutants acted to cause erythroid abnormalities in patients with mutations of the THRA gene. PMID: 28910278
5. Using domain exchanges and individual amino acid switches between THRA1 and THRB2, three amino acidswere identified in helix 10 of the THRB2 ligand-binding domain that are required for negative regulation and are absent in THRA1. PMID: 28911178
6. Hippocampal transcriptome profile of persistent memory rescue in a mouse model of Thra1 mutation-mediated resistance to thyroid hormone has been reported. PMID: 26743578
7. deletion of TRalpha in ApoE(-/-) mice alters cardiac structure and contractility; both could contribute to blunted BP response to physical exercise and impaired exercise performance PMID: 26672044
8. Data (including data from studies in knockout mice) suggest mitochondrial T3Ralpha in brown adipose tissue is key to regulation of energy metabolism; knockout mice exhibit hypermetabolism/hyperphagia, but not cold intolerance/defective thermogenesis. PMID: 26970082
9. Data (including data from studies in mutant strains of mice) suggest Thra1 (but not Thrb) plays role in myogenesis, cell proliferation, and resistance to T3 (triiodothyronine) in skeletal myoblasts; Thra1 promotes muscle regeneration after injury. PMID: 26451739
10. In thyroid receptor-deficient mice, hair follicle stem cells present a clear defect in their mobilization (exit of their quiescent state and migration out of the niche), associated with increased activation of Smad signaling. PMID: 25657324
11. regions of the Xenopus and mouse Klf9 genes 5-6 kb upstream of the transcription start sites that supported synergistic transactivation by TH plus GC. PMID: 25866873
12. the presence of a mutant TRalphaAMI allele in both Leydig and Sertoli cells does not accentuate the phenotype in comparison with its presence in Sertoli cells only. PMID: 25793522
13. These results indicate that postnatal exposure to a low dose of decaBDE on PNDs 1 through 5 lowers the testosterone level and the levels of Ar and Thra transcripts in Sertoli cells, accompanied by an imbalance in the ratios of Thra splicing variants PMID: 25479311
14. The thyroid hormone nuclear receptor TRalpha1 controls the Notch signaling pathway and cell fate in murine intestine. PMID: 26286942
15. Direct and indirect consequences on gene expression of a thyroid hormone receptor alpha 1 mutation restricted to Sertoli cells. PMID: 25487743
16. TRalpha is essential for the control of vascular tone, particularly thyroid hormone-mediated relaxation. PMID: 25500991
17. TRalpha/T3 directly acts on the P450c17 promoter, which contains putative thyroid response elements, and indirectly acts on the promoter of steroidogenic enzyme genes by modulating Nur77 transactivation on these promoters. PMID: 24725081
18. Histone deactylases confer in vivo aberrant actions of TRalpha1 mutants in a mouse model of hypothyroidism. PMID: 24381310
19. Selective expression of TRalpha1 in endothelial cells protects the heart against injury after an ischemic insult. PMID: 24848360
20. Thyroid hormone receptor TRalpha1 regulates chondrocyte differentiation, leading to delayed ossification PMID: 24914940
21. our model system enabled the identification of novel TRalpha1 target genes such as RNF166 (ring finger protein 166). PMID: 23398480
22. Data suggest that the absence of thyroid hormone receptor alpha (TRalpha) is associated with elevated levels of cytokines likely responsible for cholesterol accumulation and atherosclerosis. PMID: 24797634
23. TRbeta-related deafness originates outside of hair cells and that TRalpha and TRbeta play opposing, non-redundant roles in hair cells. PMID: 24012852
24. Data indicate thyroid hormone receptor alpha (TRalpha) facilitates reduced apoptosis in pancreatic beta-cells under endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. PMID: 24644288
25. Depletion of the p43 mitochondrial T3 receptor increases Sertoli cell proliferation in mice. PMID: 24040148
26. Mice lacking the p43 mitochondrial T3 receptor become glucose intolerant and insulin resistant during aging. PMID: 24098680
27. in wild-type animals, primary function of the liganded TRalpha1 receptor during cerebellum development is restricted mainly to Purkinje cells and Bergmann glia. PMID: 24346699
28. For the first time, we show an opposing effect of the two TR isoforms, TRalpha1 and TRbeta, in the regulation of state anxiety, with alpha1 knockout animals (alpha1KO) showing higher levels of anxiety and betaKO males showing less anxiety compared to wild-type mice. PMID: 23567476
29. Ligand-bound thyroid hormone receptor contributes to reprogramming of pancreatic acinar cells into insulin-producing cells PMID: 23595988
30. NCOR1 has a role in regulating in vivo actions of a mutated thyroid hormone receptor alpha in mice PMID: 23610395
31. A final conclusion of these studies is that TRalpha1 exertsa predominant but not exclusive role in the regulation ofgene expression in the cerebral cortex and the striatum. PMID: 23493375
32. Cerebellar abnormalities in mice lacking type 3 deiodinase and partial reversal of phenotype by deletion of thyroid hormone receptor alpha1. PMID: 23161871
33. TRalpha1 is required for the neuronal differentiation of embryonic neural stem cells. PMID: 22468949
34. conjugation of SUMO to TR has a TR-isoform preference and is important for T3-dependent gene induction and repression. PMID: 22930759
35. The p43 sequences inducing its mitochondrial import, using in organello import experiments with wild-type or mutated proteins and validation in CV1 cells are characterized. PMID: 22392896
36. the differential effects of thyroid hormone receptor isoforms on Tshb expression may be based on their differential DNA-binding affinity to the promoter. PMID: 22570333
37. 2,2',4,4'-tetrabrominated diphenyl ether could upregulate the expression of TRalpha1 and TRbeta1 in liver. PMID: 20726222
38. found that TRalpha is the predominant TR in mouse coronary smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Coronary SMCs isolated from TRalpha knockout mice exhibited a significant decrease in K(+) channel activity PMID: 22322976
39. Mouse genetic indicates a cell-autonomous action of Thra in newborn mice oligodendrocyte differentiation and an indirect influence in cerebellar oligodendrocyte proliferation in adult. PMID: 22361821
40. Thyroid hormone receptors control developmental maturation of the middle ear and the size of the ossicular bones PMID: 22253431
41. This study showed that loss of Thra protects mice from high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis and hepatic and peripheral insulin resistance. PMID: 22147010
42. The mitochondrial T3 receptor p43 is an important regulator of glucose homeostasis and pancreatic beta-cell function. PMID: 21914860
43. Thyroid hormones trigger a nongenomic signaling cascade leading to the genomic increase of thyroid receptor alpha1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase protein/mRNA levels, improving T lymphocyte proliferation. PMID: 21344381
44. Severe impairment of cerebellum development supporting the view that TRalpha1 isoform is specifically required for proper cerebellum development PMID: 21621530
45. conclude that the absence of TRalpha results in decreased clearance of thyroid hormone(TH) by type 3 deiodinase and contributes to the TH hypersensitivity PMID: 21292823
46. enhanced D2 activity in Thra-0/0 plays a critical role in their alternate form of facultative thermogenesis. PMID: 21652727
47. Data demonstrate that thyroid hormone may play an important role in virtually all developing and adult neurons, as thyroid hormone receptor alpha1 is found in most neuronal cell types. PMID: 20739404
48. Results provide the first evidence of a role for unliganded TRalpha1 in modulating the deleterious effects of hypothyroidism on adult hippocampal neurogenesis. PMID: 20709911
49. This study provides evidence that the TRalpha1+/m mice exhibit behavioural characteristics associated with a depression-like phenotype in rodents PMID: 20580649
50. liganded TR(alpha) plays a critical role in beta-cell replication and in expansion of the beta-cell mass during postnatal development PMID: 20529852

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KEGG: mmu:21833

STRING: 10090.ENSMUSP00000099428

UniGene: Mm.265917