Product Details

Purity

>97% as determined by SDS-PAGE and HPLC.

Endotoxin

Less than 1.0 EU/μg as determined by LAL method.

Activity

Fully biologically active when compared to standard. The biological activity determined by a chemotaxis bioassay using human monocytes is in a concentration range of 10-100 ng/ml.

Target Names

CCL16

Uniprot No.

O15467

Research Area

Immunology

Alternative Names

C-C motif chemokine 16; CCL16; CCL16_HUMAN; Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 16; Chemokine CC-4; Chemokine LEC; CKb12; HCC-4; HCC4; IL-10-inducible chemokine; IL10 inducible chemokine; IL10 inducible chemokine; ILINCK; LCC-1; LCC1; Liver CC chemokine 1 precursor; Liver expressed chemokine; Liver-expressed chemokine; LMC; Lymphocyte and monocyte chemoattractant; Monotactin 1; Monotactin-1; MTN-1; Mtn1; NCC-4; NCC4; New CC chemokine 4; SCYA16; SCYL4; Small inducible cytokine A16 precursor; Small inducible cytokine A16 precursor; Small inducible cytokine subfamily A (Cys Cys) member 16; Small-inducible cytokine A16

Species

Homo sapiens (Human)

Source

E.coli

Expression Region

24-120aa

Complete Sequence

QPKVPEWVNT PSTCCLKYYE KVLPRRLVVG YRKALNCHLP AIIFVTKRNR EVCTNPNDDW VQEYIKDPNL PLLPTRNLST VKIITAKNGQ PQLLNSQ

Mol. Weight

11.2 kDa

Protein Length

Full Length of Mature Protein

Tag Info

Tag-Free

Form

Lyophilized powder

Buffer

Lyophilized from a 0.2 µm filtered PBS, pH 7.4

Reconstitution

We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference.

Troubleshooting and FAQs

Protein FAQs

Storage Condition

Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Shelf Life

The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself.
Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.

Lead Time

5-10 business days

Notes

Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Datasheet & COA

Please contact us to get it.

Description

Our Recombinant Human CCL16 (C-C motif chemokine 16) is produced in E.coli, and has an expression region of 24-120aa, covering the full length of the mature protein. This product is provided in a lyophilized powder form, with a purity of >97% as determined by SDS-PAGE and HPLC. The endotoxin level is less than 1.0 EU/ug as determined by the LAL method. The recombinant CCL16 is tag-free for ease of use in various applications.

CCL16 is a chemokine that plays an important role in the trafficking and activation of leukocytes^[1]. CCL16 has been implicated in various inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis^[2,3]. It has been reported to have chemotactic activity for monocytes, lymphocytes, and eosinophils^[4]. Additionally, CCL16 has been shown to have a potential role in angiogenesis and tumor progression^[5].

Fully biologically active, the recombinant human CCL16 demonstrates a concentration range of 10-100 ng/ml in chemotaxis bioassays using human monocytes, compared to the standard.

References:
1. Mantovani, A. et al. The chemokine system in diverse forms of macrophage activation and polarization. Trends Immunol. 2000; 21(6): 303-307.
2. Hosaka, S. et al. Predominant expression of the human LIM and SH3 domain protein, hILINCK in activated monocyte lineage. FEBS Lett. 2000; 481(2): 93-98.
3. Van Coillie, E. et al. Human monocyte chemotactic proteins-2 and -3: structural and functional comparison with MCP-1. J. Immunol. 1999; 162(7): 4349-4359.
4. Hieshima, K. et al. Molecular cloning of a novel human CC chemokine liver and activation-regulated chemokine (LARC) expressed in liver. Chemotactic activity for lymphocytes and gene localization on chromosome 2. J. Biol. Chem. 1997; 272(38): 23913-23921.
5. Müller, G. and Lipp, M. Signal transduction by the chemokine receptor CXCR5: Structural requirements for G protein activation analyzed by chimeric CXCR1/CXCR5 molecules. J. Exp. Med. 2001; 194(2): 181-192.

Target Background

Function

Shows chemotactic activity for lymphocytes and monocytes but not neutrophils. Also shows potent myelosuppressive activity, suppresses proliferation of myeloid progenitor cells. Recombinant SCYA16 shows chemotactic activity for monocytes and THP-1 monocytes, but not for resting lymphocytes and neutrophils. Induces a calcium flux in THP-1 cells that were desensitized by prior expression to RANTES.

Gene References into Functions

Overexpression of miR-1247 may alleviate LPS-induced A549 cell injury through targeting CCL16. PMID: 29768218
Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) located in and around the C-C motif chemokine ligand 16 (CCL16) gene are associated with CCL16 protein levels in blood plasma, and rs80329614 is the SNP most strongly associated with CCL16 protein levels in plasma. PMID: 27357396
High umbilical artery CCL16 is prominently detected in preterm preeclamptic pregnancies with severe growth restriction. PMID: 22857868
Data show that CCL-16 gene expression was upregulated by 7.46-fold in IBS patients when compared with controls and suggest a subclinical inflammatory component underlying IBS. PMID: 21951809
Low umbilical cord blood chemokine CCL16 associates with spontaneous preterm birth PMID: 21288736
Recombinant CCL16 significantly enhances the effector and the antigen-presenting function of macrophages and augments T cell lytic activity. PMID: 14525962
An adenoviral vector encoding human CCL16 injected into mice with pre-established mammary carcinoma induces strong antitumor response; when given before surgical excision of primary lesions, the treatment prevents metastatic spread and cures 63% of mice. PMID: 15034014
CCL16 induced efficient migratory responses in human and mouse eosinophils. CCL16 is a novel functional ligand for H4 and may have a role in trafficking of eosinophils. PMID: 15265943
CC chemokine-4 (HCC-4)/CCL16 transduces signals differently from other CCR1-dependent chemokines and may play different roles in the immune response. PMID: 16226254
Elevated concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with eosinophilic pneumonia PMID: 19494526

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Subcellular Location

Secreted.

Protein Families

Intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family

Tissue Specificity

Mainly expressed in liver, also found in spleen and thymus. Highly expressed in LPS- and IFN-gamma-activated monocytes, weakly in some lymphocytes, including natural killer cells, gamma-delta T-cells, and some T-cell clones.

Database Links

HGNC: 10614

OMIM: 601394

KEGG: hsa:6360

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000293275

UniGene: Hs.10458