Human Thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor,TAFI ELISA Kit

Code CSB-E08778h
Size 96T,5×96T,10×96T
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Product Details

Target Name
carboxypeptidase B2 (plasma)
Alternative Names
CPB2 ELISA Kit; Carboxypeptidase B2 ELISA Kit; EC 3.4.17.20 ELISA Kit; Carboxypeptidase U ELISA Kit; CPU ELISA Kit; Plasma carboxypeptidase B ELISA Kit; pCPB ELISA Kit; Thrombin-activable fibrinolysis inhibitor ELISA Kit; TAFI ELISA Kit
Abbreviation
CPB2
Uniprot No.
Species
Homo sapiens (Human)
Sample Types
plasma, tissue homogenates
Detection Range
31.25 ng/mL-2000 ng/mL
Sensitivity
7.81 ng/mL
Assay Time
1-5h
Sample Volume
50-100ul
Detection Wavelength
450 nm
Research Area
Metabolism
Assay Principle
quantitative
Measurement
Sandwich
Precision

Linearity

Recovery

Typical Data

Troubleshooting
and FAQs
Storage
Store at 2-8°C. Please refer to protocol.
Lead Time
3-5 working days after you place the order, and it takes another 3-5 days for delivery via DHL or FedEx
Description

This Human CPB2 ELISA Kit was designed for the quantitative measurement of Human CPB2 protein in plasma, tissue homogenates. It is a Sandwich ELISA kit, its detection range is 31.25 ng/mL-2000 ng/mL and the sensitivity is 7.81 ng/mL.

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Target Background

Function
(From Uniprot)
Cleaves C-terminal arginine or lysine residues from biologically active peptides such as kinins or anaphylatoxins in the circulation thereby regulating their activities. Down-regulates fibrinolysis by removing C-terminal lysine residues from fibrin that has already been partially degraded by plasmin.
Gene References into Functions
  1. TAFI 1040C/T could not be considered a molecular predictive factor for Recurrent spontaneous abortion in Egyptians. PMID: 28301909
  2. TAFI and TAFIa levels were increased in patients with APS as a potential response to complement activation. Interestingly, TAFI activation was associated with arterial thrombotic APS manifestations. PMID: 28669410
  3. Reprot altered in vivo TAFI activation in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms, as shown by the increased plasma levels of TAFI(activated)/TAFIai(inactivated) and TAFI-activation peptide. PMID: 28834317
  4. Lys 42, Lys 43, Lys 44 and Arg 12 are critical for the interaction of TAFI with the thrombin-thrombomodulin complex, which modulates its antifibrinolytic potential. PMID: 28640323
  5. CPU generation during in vitro clot lysis follows a biphasic pattern in pooled plasma. A first CPU activity peak is mediated by the action of thrombin-(thrombomodulin), a second by the action of plasmin. PMID: 28692110
  6. The data suggested that suppression of TAFI by siRNA inhibits invasion and migration of breast cancer cells and that TAFI may be a new target for breast cancer therapy. PMID: 28765963
  7. Report direct crosstalk between coagulation and fibrinolysis, which takes place on activated platelets' surface that is further controlled by thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI). PMID: 28150854
  8. The current study revealed a significant increase level of TAFI and PAI-1, coupled with a decrease in PAI-2 in women with severe preeclampsia in comparison with the control group. PMID: 27598010
  9. The abundance of free PAI-1 and TAFI in the plaque may inhibit plasmin generation and thereby counteract plaque destabilization by fibrinolysis, cell migration and inflammation PMID: 28135035
  10. thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor pathway impairment, largely caused by a hitherto unknown TAFIa resistance, appears to be one main cause of decreased fibrinolytic resistance in FXI deficiency PMID: 27094709
  11. analysis of the a204-VHH-i83 complex, which demonstrates that two nanobodies can simultaneously bind to TAFI PMID: 27279497
  12. Sex-specific analyses explained apparent discrepancies across genetic studies of Ala147Thr and venous thrombosis. While, careful selection of genetic models based on population genetics, evolutionary and biological knowledge can increase power by decreasing the need to adjust for testing multiple models PMID: 28552956
  13. TAFIa elicited anti-angiogenic responses by endothelial cells: decreased endothelial cell proliferation, cell invasion, cell migration, tube formation, and collagen degradation. It decreased tube formation and proteolysis in endothelial cell culture grown alone and in co-culture with breast cancer cell lines. TAFIa inhibition increased secretion of matrix metalloprotease proenzymes by endothelial and breast cancer cells. PMID: 28124276
  14. Plasma levels of TAFI are elevated in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension and are correlated with resistance to clot lysis in those patients. PMID: 27102961
  15. Results indicate that TAFIa could be a novel biomarker and realistic therapeutic target of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. PMID: 28289017
  16. R12 is a critical residue for the activation of TAFI by thrombin-thrombomodulin PMID: 26816270
  17. Thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor, particularly its preoperative levels but also levels during the immediate postoperative period, may be key for understanding coagulopathy during liver transplantation, and it may have a role as predictor of increased mortality rates in the liver transplant population PMID: 27410412
  18. The results suggest that although the TAFI S438G>T polymorphism is not correlated with venous thrombosis risk in all genetic models of venous thrombosis, a trend toward a reduced risk still could be observed. (Meta-analysis) PMID: 26656901
  19. rs3742264 and rs1926447 have a modest effect on susceptibility to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. PMID: 27173177
  20. The results of the present study demonstrated that the CPB2 expression in patients with chronic hepatitis C was inversely correlated with several risk factors of hepatic fibrosis or steatosis, although ectopic CPB2 expression did not suppress the expression of fibrogenic or lipogenic genes. PMID: 27094832
  21. Protein C and TAFI are concurrently activated in a thrombomoulin-dependent manner and do not compete for the thrombin-TM complex, raising the possibility that they interact with distinct activation complexes. PMID: 26663133
  22. Acute myocardial infarction patients have higher plasma CPU levels and lower proCPU levels than controls. This finding indicates in vivo generation of functional active CPU in patients with AMI. PMID: 26340515
  23. Arg12-Glu28 and Cys383-Val401 in TAFI are involved in thrombomodulin-mediated TAFI activation. Gly205-Asp232 is involved in binding to thrombin. PMID: 26341360
  24. CPB2 polymorphisms (reference sequences: rs1926447 and rs3742264) were related to systemic complications in bacterial meningitis. TAFI levels correlated positively with CSF complement. rs1926447 (TT) was associated with higher levels of TAFI in CSF. PMID: 26340319
  25. Pro-inflammatory cytokines or lipopolysaccharide decreased TAFI protein levels via binding of tristetraprolin to the CPB2 3'-UTR, which mediates CPB2 mRNA destabilisation. HuR can bind the CBP2 3'UTR. This is reduced by pro-inflammatory mediators. PMID: 26062599
  26. Review/Meta-analysis: failed to confirm the influence of Ala147Thr and Thr325Ile TAFI variants on the susceptibility to CVD. Increased risk of CHD was detected in TAFI Ile325 allele carriers. PMID: 25042727
  27. TAFI deficiency results in increased brain damage in a model of thrombolysis after ischemic stroke, which was not associated with bleeding but with neuronal degeneration and MP production. PMID: 26118976
  28. Generated stable deletion mutant of TAFI with full carboxypeptidase activity without activation. PMID: 25773535
  29. the associations between three TAFI variants -438G/A, 505G/A and 1040C/T and the risk of venous thrombosis; there was a significant association between 505G/A and the risk of disease (Meta-Analysis) PMID: 26071134
  30. PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphism does not have any effect on occurrence of intracranial and extracranial hemorrhages in patients with FXIII deficiency, while TAFI Thr325Ile is a strong genetic risk factor. PMID: 25001244
  31. High plasma TAFI level is associated with the increasing risk of T2DM. PMID: 25396763
  32. We have demonstrated that TAFI might be a risk factor for the development of SCF independently of conventional cardiovascular risk factors. PMID: 24068025
  33. Arg12 of TAFI plays an important role in thrombomodulin-mediated TAFI activation by thrombin PMID: 25066897
  34. Neither intact TAFI nor activation peptide of TAFI can discriminate venous thromboembolism patients from healthy controls. PMID: 25193405
  35. High level of TAFI antigen in attack-free period of familial Mediterranean fever shows ongoing subclinical inflammation and hypercoagulability. PMID: 24580410
  36. TAFI levels are independently associated to dyslipidemia and that the polymorphism rs3742264 may be related to cardiovascular risk in male subjects PMID: 24631134
  37. Study provides preliminary evidence that the TAFI -2345 2G/1G and -1690 A/G polymorphisms are associated with ACI susceptibility in a Han Chinese population. PMID: 24886076
  38. inhibition of TAFIa activity, however, was substrate-specific, because neither mAb inhibited the cleavage of thrombin-activated osteopontin and C5a by TAFIa, thus sparing the anti-inflammatory activity of TAFIa PMID: 24134522
  39. Augmentation of clot formation and anti-fibrinolysis by combining fib, FXIII and TAFI may be beneficial for the treatment of patients with severe thrombocytopenia PMID: 24333083
  40. Our data indicate that the GTC haplotype for TAFI 505G>A/1040C>T/+1542C>G SNPs increased the risk of CVT in comparison to controls and VTE cases. PMID: 24252537
  41. A significant correlation was present between TAFI Thr325Ile polymorphism in homozygous form and occurrence of spontaneous intracranial haemorrhage. PMID: 24354489
  42. Plasma TAFI levels and TAFI Thr325Ile genotypes were associated with breast cancer patients in Chinese Han populations and could be considered as the risk indicators of breast cancer. PMID: 23624357
  43. TAFI expression in HepG2 cells is reduced by nobiletin, a polymethoxyflavone in citrus fruits, through transcriptional inhibition PMID: 23572161
  44. TAFI is alternatively spliced in different cell types and produces intracellular forms of the protein lacking TAFIa activity PMID: 23595589
  45. Our study is the first in the literature to determine increased TAFI levels in primary hypertension patients. PMID: 22799880
  46. This pilot study shows that TAFI levels are inversely correlated with inflammation-associated development of complications after major trauma. PMID: 22749979
  47. Plasma TAFI antigen levels were significantly higher in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus when compared with controls. PMID: 23327722
  48. Oral anticoagulants enhance both plasma and blood fibrinolysis by reducing thrombin-dependent TAFI activation, a phenomenon largely determined by low prothrombin levels. PMID: 23256818
  49. Alterations of TAFIa-dependent prolongation of clot lysis in patients with thyroid disorders may cause an impaired haemostatic balance. PMID: 23197299
  50. High neutrophil elastase, low TAFI activity and PPIC in disseminated intravascular coagulation are independent predictors of patient death and MODS. PMID: 22353215

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Subcellular Location
Secreted.
Protein Families
Peptidase M14 family
Tissue Specificity
Plasma; synthesized in the liver.
Database Links

HGNC: 2300

OMIM: 603101

KEGG: hsa:1361

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000181383

UniGene: Hs.512937

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