ENG (Carotuximab Biosimilar) Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody

1. Increased cord blood soluble endoglin is associated with the development of severe or moderate bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants with maternal preeclampsia. PMID: 30177044
2. ENG, ACVRL1, and SMAD4 mutations result in different phenotypes in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia PMID: 30251589
3. High expression of CD105 is associated with Oral Invasive Carcinomas. PMID: 30049191
4. The role of CD34 in determining the premalignant nature of ral submucous fibrosis (OSF) could not be ascertained, since all endothelial cells were positive for CD34, whereas CD105 appeared to be more specific as it is associated with hypoxia-induced angiogenesis which is occurring in OSF due to hyalinization suggesting, CD105 to be more specific marker to determine neoangiogenesis in OSF PMID: 30197335
5. Data show that the extracellular domain of endoglin promotes specific platelet adhesion. PMID: 29080903
6. ENG mutation carriers were more likely than ACVRL1 mutation carriers to have pAVMs (P < 0.001) or multiple lesions (P = 0.03), and to undergo procedural intervention (P = 0.02). The HHT severity score was significantly higher in ENG than in ACVRL1 (P = 0.02). PMID: 29048420
7. Increased CD105 expression is associated with disease progression in phyllodes tumors PMID: 29414396
8. A heterozygous genetic variant, c.704dupC; p.Val236Glyfs*98, was identified in the ENG gene. The variant c.704dupC was not previously described in the HHT Mutations Database PMID: 29243366
9. Endoglin levels are changed after stroke. PMID: 29287901
10. we found significant correlation with CD105 and survival rate of the patient. Similar correlation was found between histological grades and TNM staging in CD105. High expression was associated with low survival; whereas no significant correlation was found with expression of VEGF with survival, also with TNM staging and histological grading. PMID: 29516931
11. CD105 expression was associated with more aggressive tumor behavior, more advanced disease, and worse prognosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma PMID: 29286924
12. Data indicate that in pancreatic cancer cells, the expression of ENG may be controlled by a pathway mediated by SMAD4. In addition, ENG was found to be related to the spheroid-forming ability of cells and to be involved in the invasive capacity of pancreatic cancer cells. PMID: 29393426
13. CD105 is expressed on endothelial cells of rhabdomyosarcoma and represent a useful tool to quantify neovascularization in this tumor. If confirmed by further studies, these results will indicate that CD105 is a potential target for combined therapies in rhabdomyosarcoma. PMID: 29304781
14. The increase in TGF-beta3 found in inflammatory wound healing (WF) highlights its negative effect on wound healing, while the increased levels of sEng in granulating WF affects the leukocyte adhesion/transmigration through the endothelium, reducing the inflammatory response and favoring the wound healing. PMID: 29065449
15. Soluble endoglin level could serve as a determinant of walking abilities change after supervised treadmill training program in patients with peripheral artery disease. PMID: 28735679
16. serum level elevated in pre-eclampsia, not significantly affected by HIV status PMID: 28627965
17. high serum level at 26-31 weeks of gestational was a risk factor for a small-for-gestational-age infant at 35-41 weeks PMID: 28613009
18. In primary hip OA, angiogenesis may be induced by a combined mechanism: hypoxia-related VEGF-dependent vasculogenesis and endothelial differentiation of the activated pluripotent cells, which are released from the hyperplastic synovial cells layer. An endothelial mesenchymal transition is assumed to be involved in the fibrotic process PMID: 27704157
19. we showed that Endoglin (CD105) expression not only demarcates a cancer stem cell subpopulation but also confers self-renewal ability and contributes to chemoresistance in RCC. PMID: 28793246
20. In patients with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, those in the highest tertile of mean arterial pressure had the highest serum levels of sFlt1 and sEng. PMID: 28609171
21. BMP9 interacts with a hydrophobic surface of the N-terminal orphan domain of ENG, which adopts a new duplicated fold generated by circular permutation. PMID: 28564608
22. Tale of Two Endoglins: How Does Tail-Less Soluble Endoglin Deregulate Lung Development PMID: 28960105
23. The variant lies in a novel binding-site for the transcription factor Sp1, known to be involved in the regulation of ENG and ACVRL1 transcription. PMID: 29305977
24. Mobilization of the CD44/CD105 positive synovial cells seems to play a role in the genesis of hip osteoarthritis. PMID: 27803113
25. Circulating tissue transglutaminase is associated with sFlt-1, soluble endoglin and VEGF in the maternal circulation of preeclampsia patients, suggesting that tTG may have a role in the pathogenesis of PE. PMID: 27169826
26. Altered antiangiogenic state because of altered circulating sEng leads to Preeclampsia. PMID: 27067718
27. Gestation-adjusted sEng, sFlt-1 and PlGF levels were 11%, 36%, and 30%, respectively, lower in women who later suffered miscarriage compared with unaffected pregnancies PMID: 27664209
28. this meta-analysis demonstrated that CD105 overexpression correlates to higher WHO grade and poor survival. PMID: 26884265
29. Nuclear survivin expression correlates with endoglin-assessed microvascularisation in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. PMID: 28446541
30. Dendritic-cells loaded with lysates derived from CD105+ human renal cell carcinoma cancer stem cells (CSCs) induced more functionally specific active T cells and specific antibodies against CSCs, and clearly depressed the tumor growth in mice. PMID: 28621442
31. Report no relationship between serum endoglin levels and ovarian cancer microvessel density and tumor endoglin expression. PMID: 27312585
32. TGF-beta type I, II, and III receptors were all identified in pregnant serum; all were substantially elevated in early-onset but not late-onset PE. Endoglin was increased in both subtypes. PMID: 28633389
33. Study described present a series of pulmonary arterial hypertension patients with mutations in the ENG gene, some of them not previously described, exhibiting clinical and hemodynamic alterations. These results suggest the presence of these mutations may be associated with the severity of the disease. PMID: 27260700
34. CD105(+) blasts are endowed with superior leukemogenic activity compared with the CD105(-) population. PMID: 28351936
35. Several germline variants in Hamartomatous Polyposis Syndrome genes were detected, among them three in ENG, two in BMPR1A, one in PTEN, and one in SMAD4. Although some of the detected variants have been reported previously none could be definitely pathogenic or likely pathogenic. PMID: 27146957
36. 9q33.3q34.11 microdeletion including ENG gene identified in four patients with intellectual disability, epilepsy, nail dysplasia and bone malformations. PMID: 26395556
37. Endoglin has an important role in VSMC recruitment and blood vessel maturation during angiogenesis. PMID: 28450296
38. Plasma sEng levels were low in patients with coronary artery disease, especially 3-vessel disease, and were inversely associated with the severity of coronary atherosclerosis. PMID: 27789477
39. Soluble endoglin did not vary over the pregnancy course or between gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and control groups. PMID: 27793555
40. Serum and placental LXR-alpha and endoglin levels were significantly higher in patients with preeclampsia than those in control group (P<0.05, each). PMID: 27736929
41. High concentrations of sEng in plasma in combination with a high-fat diet induce the simultaneous activation of proinflammatory, pro-oxidative and vasoprotective mechanisms in mice aorta and the balance of these biological processes determines whether the final endothelial phenotype is adaptive or maladaptive. PMID: 27721318
42. Our findings suggest a stronger chondrogenic potential of CD105(+) SMSCs in comparison to that of CD105(-) SMSCs and that CD105 enhances chondrogenesis of SMSCs by regulating TGF-beta/Smad2 signaling pathway, but not Smad1/5. Our study provides a better understanding of CD105 with respect to chondrogenic differentiation. PMID: 27107692
43. The novel ENG c.-58G/A substitution in the Endoglin promoter co-segregates with Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia symptoms in a family and appears to affect the transcriptional regulation of the gene, resulting in reduced Endoglin expression. PMID: 28231770
44. sEng treatment resulted in an activation of NF-kappaB, IL-6, suggesting activation of pro-inflammatory phenotype in endothelial cells. PMID: 28336397
45. In adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), soluble endoglin concentrations might increase in parallel to the deterioration in endothelial function before subclinical structural vascular alterations. PMID: 27097763
46. Akt level was reduced in preeclamptic placentas relative to preterm control. Inhibition of PI3K/Akt resulted in significantly elevated soluble endoglin release from endothelial cells, had no effect on MMP14 mRNA expression but resulted in significantly reduced TIMP3. In contrast inhibiting PI3K/Akt in placental explants or primary trophoblast did not change soluble endoglin release. PMID: 27155335
47. serum level associated with severity of gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia PMID: 28121958
48. the TGFbeta1 coreceptor Eng selectively regulates expression of multiple transient receptor potential channels in the setting of left or right ventricular pressure overload PMID: 27614169
49. Increased ENG gene expression is associated with the Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. PMID: 27268609
50. higher level of circulating CD105 is related to adverse pathological features among patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma PMID: 26334621

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HGNC: 3349

OMIM: 131195

KEGG: hsa:2022

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000362299

UniGene: Hs.76753