Human vitamin K-dependent protein Z (PROZ) ELISA kit_x000D_

Code CSB-E09904h
Size 96T,5×96T,10×96T
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Product Details

Target Name
vitamin K-dependent protein Z
Alternative Names
Protein Z, vitamin K dependent plasma glycoprotein ELISA Kit; PROZ ELISA Kit; PROZ_HUMAN ELISA Kit; PZ ELISA Kit; Vitamin K-dependent protein Z ELISA Kit
Abbreviation
PROZ
Uniprot No.
Species
Homo sapiens (Human)
Sample Types
serum, plasma, tissue homogenates
Detection Range
125 ng/mL-8000 ng/mL
Sensitivity
31.25 ng/mL
Assay Time
1-5h
Sample Volume
50-100ul
Detection Wavelength
450 nm
Research Area
Cardiovascular
Assay Principle
quantitative
Measurement
Sandwich
Precision
Intra-assay Precision (Precision within an assay): CV%<8%      
Three samples of known concentration were tested twenty times on one plate to assess.  
Inter-assay Precision (Precision between assays): CV%<10%      
Three samples of known concentration were tested in twenty assays to assess.    
             
Linearity
To assess the linearity of the assay, samples were spiked with high concentrations of human PROZ in various matrices and diluted with the Sample Diluent to produce samples with values within the dynamic range of the assay.
  Sample Serum(n=4)  
1:1 Average % 96  
Range % 89-107  
1:2 Average % 90  
Range % 87-103  
1:4 Average % 89  
Range % 82-98  
1:8 Average % 93  
Range % 87-105  
Recovery
The recovery of human PROZ spiked to levels throughout the range of the assay in various matrices was evaluated. Samples were diluted prior to assay as directed in the Sample Preparation section.
Sample Type Average % Recovery Range  
Serum (n=5) 96 86-104  
EDTA plasma (n=4) 95 87-105  
             
             
Typical Data
These standard curves are provided for demonstration only. A standard curve should be generated for each set of samples assayed.
ng/ml OD1 OD2 Average Corrected  
8000 2.601 2.525 2.563 2.425  
4000 1.882 1.910 1.896 1.758  
2000 1.175 1.183 1.179 1.041  
1000 0.658 0.682 0.670 0.532  
500 0.364 0.371 0.368 0.230  
250 0.249 0.260 0.255 0.117  
125 0.208 0.211 0.210 0.072  
0 0.139 0.137 0.138    
Troubleshooting
and FAQs
Storage
Store at 2-8°C. Please refer to protocol.
Lead Time
3-5 working days after you place the order, and it takes another 3-5 days for delivery via DHL or FedEx
Description

This Human PROZ ELISA Kit was designed for the quantitative measurement of Human PROZ protein in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates. It is a Sandwich ELISA kit, its detection range is 125 ng/mL-8000 ng/mL and the sensitivity is 31.25 ng/mL.

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Target Background

Function
(From Uniprot)
Appears to assist hemostasis by binding thrombin and promoting its association with phospholipid vesicles. Inhibits activity of the coagulation protease factor Xa in the presence of SERPINA10, calcium and phospholipids.
Gene References into Functions
  1. Polymorphisms of F2, PROC, PROZ, and F13A1 Genes are Associated With Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion in Chinese Han Women. PMID: 29363996
  2. Low PZ appears to be an underestimated risk factor for perioperative bleeding. Determination of PZ plasma concentrations might be useful in the preoperative workup in patients with a bleeding history, when detailed clotting analyses remain inconclusive. PMID: 29360177
  3. PZ/ZPI polymorphisms do not appear to play an active role in the development of prosthesis heart valve thrombosis. PMID: 29302946
  4. Report evidence of a non-linear positive association between PZ level and unexplained stroke, with a directionally consistent association for genetic variants related to PZ levels and cryptogenic stroke. PMID: 27683756
  5. Data suggest oxidized lipid vesicles with phosphatidylserine/polyunsaturated fatty acids promote inactivation of ZPI-PZ complex or free ZPI; binding of PZ-complexed or free ZPI to oxidized vesicles mediates inactivation of ZPI (an inhibitor of FXa); blocking heparin- (anticoagulant-)binding site on ZPI interferes with binding to lipid or PZ. (ZPI = protein Z-dependent protease inhibitor; PZ = protein Z; FXa = factor Xa) PMID: 28717005
  6. SAA, PROZ, and C4BPB may serve as new potential biomarkers for TB PMID: 28278182
  7. Protein Z is a plasma protein involving blood coagulation and inflammation. Low protein Z was found to be associated significantly with acute my.ocardial infarction in coronary atherosclerosis disease patients PMID: 27770663
  8. Family-based association study revealed that the G allele of Protein Z rs2273971, and haplotypes GA, CG, and CGA of Protein Z and factor VII had a significant effect on cerebral hemorrhage susceptibility. PMID: 27350683
  9. Protein Z G79A AG/AA polymorphism may be a risk factor for thrombosis in systemic lupus erythematosus Egyptian patients. PMID: 26761586
  10. There was no significant difference in the clinical features of the patients with and without the polymorphism. We therefore conclude that PZ G79A polymorphism is not a risk factor for puerperal CVT in Indian women. PMID: 24907135
  11. Results show the energetic basis of the Z-dependent protease inhibitor (ZPI)-protein Z (PZ) interaction and suggest an important role for ZPI Lys-239 in PZ catalytic action. PMID: 25713144
  12. The unbalance between PZ and ZPI in plasma samples from patients with Colorectal Cancer or Pancreatic Cancer is not only related to an inflammatory state but could also results from an ectopic synthesis of these proteins by the cancer cells. PMID: 24315319
  13. Protein Z EGF2 subdomain constitutes an interactive-site for ZPI protein. PMID: 24960590
  14. Protein Z/protein Z-dependent protease inhibitor and Fxa expression in human gastric cancer cells indicate that these proteins may play a role in anticoagulant events at the tumor tissue. PMID: 24158387
  15. active mutations of PZ in the serine protease structural domain were found in women with fetal loss PMID: 23846529
  16. Data suggest role for complex of PZ with ZPI (PZ-dependent protease inhibitor) in pregnancy maintenance; this is highlighted by progressive elevation in PZ levels in first trimester of gestation which then steadily decline toward delivery. [REVIEW] PMID: 23690629
  17. Specific PZSNPs and haplotypes are significantly associated with idiopathic recurrent miscarriage. PMID: 23420821
  18. the PZ/ZPI complex may play some modulating role in hemophilia A PMID: 23269381
  19. 74 patients a protein Z deficiency has been found. PMID: 22960740
  20. PZ can be a cofactor associated with an increased bleeding tendency in patients with AML. PMID: 22297560
  21. expression of PROZ in PLC/PRF/5 cells increased cell viability and clonogenicity compared to mock-transfected cells. PMID: 22689435
  22. The study shows by Ala-scanning mutagenesis of the ZPI-binding interface, together with native PAGE and kinetic analyses of PZ binding to ZPI, that Tyr240 and Asp293 of ZPI are crucial hot spots for PZ binding. PMID: 22786881
  23. Specific PZ variants and haplotypes are significantly associated with Sickle cell disease Vaso-Occlusive Crisis. PMID: 22576309
  24. Although thrombosis in Behcet disease is multifactorial, intron F G79A polymorphism of PZ gene in Behcet disease may be one of the factors that contribute to this pathological process PMID: 22559296
  25. Medium expression of ZPI(IRS=6.5), together with weak expression of PZ(IRS=4), was observed in cancer cells. PMID: 21975032
  26. localization of PZ/ZPI and FX in colon cancer cells indicates that PZ/ZPI may contribute to anticoagulant events at the tumor site. PMID: 22424030
  27. The objective of this study was to measure the PZ levels in pregnant Omani women in the first, second and third trimesters and correlate with the pregnancy outcome. PMID: 21837382
  28. it was shown that PZ and/or ZPI are synthesised by normal kidney and different cancer cells, suggesting that the complex PZ/ZPI could play a role in inhibiting the tissue deposition of fibrin. [review] PMID: 21691673
  29. The presence of the A allele of the PZ FG79A polymorphism has a higher protective effect against recurrent pregnancy loss than the presence of the G allele of the IL6 C634G polymorphism. PMID: 21233768
  30. Protein Z (PZ) expression in breast cancer cells in association with tumor infiltrating macrophages (TAMs) and endothelial cells may suggest possible PZ contribution to natural anticoagulant mechanisms operating at the tumor site. PMID: 21479979
  31. Low PZ levels are associated with the pathobiology of HELLP syndrome. PMID: 20460354
  32. The frequency of intron F G79A polymorphism of protein Z gene was higher in patients than controls, and carrying 79 AA genotype could be a risk factor for severe sepsis and septic shock. PMID: 19124455
  33. the roles of PZ plasma level and PZ gene polymorphisms remain debated with conflicting results in arterial, venous, or placental thrombosis PMID: 20416992
  34. Data show that mutation of four ZPI contact residues eliminated PZ binding and membrane-dependent PZ acceleration of fXa inhibition. PMID: 20427285
  35. Results of this meta-analysis are consistent with a role for protein Z deficiency in thrombotic diseases, including arterial thrombosis, pregnancy complications and venous thromboembolism. PMID: 20076855
  36. PROTEIN A AND PZI WERE FOUND IN KIDNEY TUBULES BY IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY PMID: 20024489
  37. Premature newborns suffering from respiratory distress syndrome showed decreased serum protein Z levels than normal preterm control newborns with further increase in its pattern after recovery. PMID: 20180321
  38. The distribution of allele and genotype frequencies of Protein Z A-13G and G79A polymorphisms did not differ significantly between Behcets disease patients and controls; no associations between thrombotic events protein Z gene polymorphisms PMID: 19796528
  39. Weak regulation of protein Z biosynthesis by inflammatory cytokines indicates that it is not a negative acute-phase protein. Plasma PZ concentration is genetically controlled. PMID: 11858503
  40. case control studies in humans indicating that diminution of protein Z in factor V Leiden patients aggravates thromboembolic risk PMID: 12297123
  41. Low plasma protein Z values were significantly associated with ischemic stroke except in diabetic subjects and females PMID: 12490280
  42. enhanced immune-complex formation with protein Z may play a role in unexplained embryo losses PMID: 12623836
  43. Blood levels of protein Z measured within 7 days of acute stroke were significantly higher in cases than in controls (geometric mean, 1.46 versus 1.16 microg/mL; P<0.0001, consistent with its importance in ischemic stroke or as an acute phase reactant PMID: 12970515
  44. There is a positive correlation between the disease duration and protein Z levels in patients with Behcet's disease PMID: 14507116
  45. PZ levels below 565 ng/mL were associated with ACS PMID: 14652653
  46. The A allele of an intron F polymorphism of the PZ gene appears to be a novel protective genetic marker for the risk of cerebral ischemia in young adults. In the context of juvenile stroke, high PZ plasma levels may represent a prothrombotic condition PMID: 14671240
  47. protein Z deficiency could be also a risk factor for acute coronary syndromes, early fetal losses, and increased the arterial risk in antiphospholipid syndrome--REVIEW PMID: 15314579
  48. Coexpression of E30Q with wild-type protein Z interfered with the secretion of the wild type PMID: 15626740
  49. decreased PZ and PS levels are additional risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcome PMID: 15748239
  50. data show a progressive increase in protein Z levels with gestational age in normal pregnancies and a return to normal levels around 6 to 12 weeks postpartum PMID: 15841316

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Subcellular Location
Secreted.
Protein Families
Peptidase S1 family
Tissue Specificity
Plasma.
Database Links

HGNC: 9460

OMIM: 176895

KEGG: hsa:8858

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000364697

UniGene: Hs.1011

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