ITGAL (Efalizumab Biosimilar) Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody

1. LFA-1 cross-linking recruits and activates FAK1 and PYK2 to phosphorylate LAT selectively on a single Y-171 site that binds to the GRB2-SKAP1 complex and limits dwell times of T-cells with dendritic cells PMID: 28699640
2. Data show that integrin alphaLbeta2 (LFA-1) is oriented relative to actin retrograde flow. PMID: 29229906
3. These results demonstrated that histone demethylase JMJD3 regulates CD11a expression in lupus T cells by affecting the H3K27me3 levels in the ITGAL (CD11a) promoter region, and JMJD3 might thereby serve as a potential therapeutic target for SLE. PMID: 28430662
4. Data show a nadir of CD11a expression at 2 years of natalizumab treatment in multiple sclerosis, at the peak of incidence of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, indirectly suggesting that a lack of these molecules may play a role in the onset of PML in NTZ-treated patients. PMID: 24258149
5. Extracellular ISG15 signals cytokine secretion through the LFA-1 integrin receptor (CD11a/CD18) in natural killer cells. PMID: 29100055
6. Suggest possible role for lymphocyte CD11a in the pathogenesis immune thrombocytopenia. PMID: 26884833
7. The alphaI domain, tethered through its N-linker and a disulfide to a stable beta-ribbon pillar near the center of the platform, can undergo pivoting and tilting motions that appear buffered by N-glycan decorations that differ between alphaL and alphaX subunits. PMID: 26936951
8. beta2 integrins-mediated chemosensory adhesion and migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes on the vascular graft surface, bacterial cellulose. PMID: 25231265
9. Data show that interleukin-18 was involved in the eosinophil-mediated death of colon carcinoma cells via upregulation of CD11a/CD18 and ICAM-1 adhesion molecules. PMID: 26216891
10. shear-induced CD11/CD18 cleavage is phenotypic of neutrophilic cells, including those derived from HL60 cells PMID: 24276331
11. Data show that leucocyte function-associated antigen-1 (integrin alphaLbeta2), DNAX accessory molecule-1 (DNAM-1) or tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) enhance osteoclast survival when co-cultured with activated NK cells. PMID: 25684021
12. LFA-1 function is regulated through conformational changes that include the modulation of ligand binding affinity and molecular extension. PMID: 25378583
13. the blocking of LFA-1/ICAM-1 interaction resulted in a significant increase in the percentage of IL-17(+) T cells expanded in nonclassical monocyte/T-cell cocultures PMID: 25678252
14. Studied signaling mechanisms of Lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) using NMR analysis of the dynamics of the LFA-1 I-domain. PMID: 25147050
15. CD11a, CD11c, and CD18 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to Behcet's disease in Koreans. PMID: 25155097
16. ITGAL is overexpressed in systemic lupus erythematosus CD4+ T cells, but expression is not linked to the typical clinical and serological parameters associated with the disease. PMID: 24238281
17. there was reduced expression of CD11a, CD11b, and CD18 in trisomy 12 cases with NOTCH1 mutations compared with wild type. PMID: 24829201
18. We conclude, that deficiency of CD11a expression should be added to the diagnostic criteria of AML-M7, classical DS-AML and TMD. PMID: 23450818
19. genetic polymorphism is associated with atopic disease and relevant allergic indices PMID: 23726040
20. Distribution of integrin beta(2) is also markedly altered in M. tuberculosis-infected DCs. A corresponding reduction in the alphaL (CD11a) and alphaM (CD11b) subunits that associate with integrin beta(2) was also observed. PMID: 23981064
21. Allele frequencies were determined in the blood donor population as follows: 0.318 for HNA-1a, 0.668 for HNA-1b, 0.014 for HNA-1c, 0.768 for HNA-3a, 0.232 for HNA-3b, 0.882 for HNA-4a, 0.118 for HNA-4b, 0.736 for HNA-5a and 0.264 for HNA-5b. PMID: 23398146
22. The results of this study suggest that polyamine-induced suppression of LFA-1 expression occurs via enhanced methylation of ITGAL. PMID: 23418509
23. Binding kinetics differences between LFA-1 and macrophage-1 antigen (Mac-1) are quantified and insight provided into their distinct functions in the neutrophil inflammatory cascade. PMID: 23514737
24. common and rare variants in FTO, SERPINA12, and ITGAL predict PON1 acti PMID: 23160181
25. Flow-based adhesion assay showed that engagement of CD103 or LFA-1, together with TCR, enhances the strength of the T-cell/target cell interaction PMID: 23188505
26. Cytotoxicity of CD56(bright) NK cells towards autologous activated CD4+ T cells is mediated through NKG2D, LFA-1 and TRAIL and dampened via CD94/NKG2A PMID: 22384114
27. Binding of LtxA to LFA-1 resulted in the internalization of both LtxA and LFA-1, with LtxA localizing specifically to the lysosomal compartment. PMID: 22467872
28. This work demonstrates an intricate coupling between conformation and lateral diffusion of LFA-1 and further underscores the crucial role of mobility for the onset of LFA-1 mediated leukocyte adhesion. PMID: 22411821
29. DNA hypermethylation at the CD11a locus contributes to the lowered expression of CD11a in biliary atresia CD4+ T cells. PMID: 22206678
30. CD70 and CD11a facilitate the survival of T and B lymphocytes and indirectly enhance the destruction of platelets in immune thrombocytopenia. PMID: 21541792
31. Regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) represses Galpha-dependent signaling during chemokine-activated integrin alphaLbeta2- and alpha4beta1- dependent T cell adhesion. PMID: 21705617
32. N-terminal myr-tagged SKAP1 for membrane binding facilitated constitutive RapL membrane and Rap1 binding and effectively substituted for PI3K and TCR ligation in the activation of LFA-1 in T cells. PMID: 21669874
33. hyperketonemia can induce monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells and it is mediated via increased ICAM-1 expression in endothelial cells and increased expression and affinity of LFA-1 in monocytes PMID: 21540444
34. We show that sequential cleavage of C-terminal amino acids from the beta(2) cytoplasmic tail of LFA-1, by cathepsin X, enhances binding of the adaptor protein talin to LFA-1 and triggers formation of the latter's high-affinity form PMID: 21454358
35. Bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase toxin binds to T cells via LFA-1 and induces its disengagement from the immune synapse PMID: 21576384
36. Studies indicate that transformation of LFA1 from a bent, resting form to an extended conformation is essential for T cell migration and the formation of an immunological synapse. PMID: 21597477
37. LFA-1-induced stabilization of ARE-containing mRNAs in T cells is dependent on HuR, and occurs through the Vav-1, Rac1/2, MKK3 and p38MAPK signaling cascade PMID: 21206905
38. RFX1 recruits SUV39H1 to the promoter regions of the CD11a and CD70 genes in CD4(+) T cells, thereby regulating local H3K9 tri-methylation levels. PMID: 21192791
39. 2B4-mediated increase in natural killer (NK) cell adhesion to tumor targets is actin- and LFA-1-dependent, demonstrating that inside-out signaling is very fast and its effects can be detected as early as 90 seconds after cell contact. PMID: 21270395
40. Findings support the idea that calpain is involved in the turnover of LFA-1 adhesions at the rear of the cell. PMID: 21152086
41. the high-affinity state of LFA-1 on T cells is critical to induce targeted movements of both ICAM-1 and MHC class II to the immunological synapse on APCs. PMID: 20681010
42. Decreased chemotactic response and downregulated expression of CD11a in an experimental model of depression could be an important mechanisms to induce impaired immune responses in experimental and clinical depression. PMID: 20516718
43. Case Report: Possible acceleration of regression by antibiotic treatment in benign cephalic histiocytosis with infiltration of CD11a/CD11c+ macrophages. PMID: 20574620
44. Human neutrophil rolling on E- or P-selectin induces the extended alpha(L)beta(2) integrin conformation through signaling triggered by PSGL-1 engagement. PMID: 20445017
45. T helper (Th)17 cells adhere to mesenchymal stem cells through the joined involvement of CCR6 and CD11a/CD18 and their respective ligands, interactions that induce a regulatory phenotype in fully polarized tissue-infiltrating Th17 cells. PMID: 20511548
46. These results provide an example of the stabilizing effect of polar interactions within the low dielectric environment of the membrane interior and demonstrate its importance in the regulation of alpha L beta 2 function. PMID: 20338181
47. Activation-induced conformational changes in the I domain region of lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 PMID: 11792712
48. important role for the integrin LFA-1 and the microtubular cytoskeleton in the Ca(2)(+)-mediated activation of PYK2 in T-lymphocytes PMID: 11867690
49. regulation of LFA-1 activation and neutrophil arrest on intercellular adhesion molecule 1 in shear flow PMID: 11929876
50. cd11a may play an important role in pathogenic process(in COPD) PMID: 11953106

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HGNC: 6148

OMIM: 153370

KEGG: hsa:3683

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000349252

UniGene: Hs.174103