Function
SNAREs, soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor-attachment protein receptors, are essential proteins for fusion of cellular membranes. SNAREs localized on opposing membranes assemble to form a trans-SNARE complex, an extended, parallel four alpha-helical bundle that drives membrane fusion. SNAP29 is a SNARE involved in autophagy through the direct control of autophagosome membrane fusion with the lysososome membrane. Plays also a role in ciliogenesis by regulating membrane fusions.
Gene References into Functions
- NEK3 kinase phosphorylates SNAP29 on its serine 105. NEK3-mediated phosphorylation determines membrane localization of SNAP29. Membrane-associated SNAP29 regulates Golgi and focal adhesion structures. PMID: 29454964
- Here, we identify a novel role for Snap29, an unconventional SNARE, in promoting kinetochore assembly during mitosis in Drosophila and human cells. Snap29 localizes to the outer kinetochore and prevents chromosome mis-segregation and the formation of cells with fragmented nuclei. PMID: 27647876
- phenotypic variability in Arab families with c.223delG mutation affected by cerebral dysgenesis, neuropathy, ichthyosis and keratoderma syndrome PMID: 25958742
- support a role of Snap29 at key steps of membrane trafficking, and predict that signaling defects may contribute to the pathogenesis of cerebral dysgenesis PMID: 25551675
- In mammalian cells, mutating the O-GlcNAc sites in SNAP-29, promotes the formation of a SNAP-29-containing SNARE complex, increases fusion between autophagosomes and endosomes/lysosomes, and promotes autophagic flux. PMID: 25419848
- This work implicates SNAP29 as a major modifier of variable expressivity in 22q11.2 DS patients. PMID: 23231787
- a causal relationship between defective function of SNAP29 and the pleiotropic manifestations of CEDNIK syndrome PMID: 21073448
- SNAP29 mediated membrane fusion has an important role in endocytic recycling and consequently, in cell motility PMID: 20305790
- SNAP-29 acts as a negative modulator for neurotransmitter release, probably by slowing recycling of the SNARE-based fusion machinery and synaptic vesicle turnover PMID: 15890653
- a SNAP29 mutation codes for a SNARE protein involved in intracellular trafficking and causes a novel neurocutaneous syndrome characterized by cerebral dysgenesis, neuropathy, ichthyosis, and palmoplantar keratoderma PMID: 15968592
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Involvement in disease
Cerebral dysgenesis, neuropathy, ichthyosis, and palmoplantar keratoderma syndrome (CEDNIK)
Subcellular Location
Cytoplasm. Golgi apparatus membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Cytoplasmic vesicle, autophagosome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Cell projection, cilium membrane; Peripheral membrane protein.
Protein Families
SNAP-25 family
Tissue Specificity
Found in brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, placenta, skeletal muscle, spleen and pancreas.