Upon receipt, store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze.
Lead Time
Basically, we can dispatch the products out in 1-3 working days after receiving your orders. Delivery time maybe differs from different purchasing way or location, please kindly consult your local distributors for specific delivery time.
Usage
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.
Binds to the plus end of microtubules and regulates microtubule dynamics and microtubule organization. Acts as processive microtubule polymerase. Promotes cytoplasmic microtubule nucleation and elongation. Plays a major role in organizing spindle poles. In spindle formation protects kinetochore microtubules from depolymerization by KIF2C and has an essential role in centrosomal microtubule assembly independently of KIF2C activity. Contributes to centrosome integrity. Acts as component of the TACC3/ch-TOG/clathrin complex proposed to contribute to stabilization of kinetochore fibers of the mitotic spindle by acting as inter-microtubule bridge. The TACC3/ch-TOG/clathrin complex is required for the maintenance of kinetochore fiber tension. Enhances the strength of NDC80 complex-mediated kinetochore-tip microtubule attachments.
Gene References into Functions
Eribulin binding to the tip of microtubules and subsequent loss of ch-TOG is a priming event leading to alterations in microtubule dynamics and breast cancer cell migration. PMID: 26497677
Data show that cytoskeleton associated protein 5 (chTOG) only weakly promotes importin-regulated microtubule nucleation, but acts synergistically with microtubule- associated protein TPX2. PMID: 26414402
Aurora-A kinase does not regulate TACC3-chTOG complex formation, indicating that Aurora-A solely functions as a recruitment factor for the TACC3-chTOG complex to centrosomes and proximal mitotic spindles. PMID: 24273164
Data show that five genes CKAP5, KPNB1, RAN, TPX2 and KIF11 were shown to be essential for tumor cell survival in both head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC)and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but most particularly in HNSCC. PMID: 23444224
These observations indicate that EB1 and ch-TOG regulate microtubule organisation differently via distinct regions in the plus ends of microtubules. PMID: 23251535
Clathrin promotes centrosome maturation by stabilizing the microtubule-binding protein ch-TOG, defining a novel role for the clathrin-ch-TOG complex. PMID: 22891263
Data show that ILK performs its centrosome clustering activity in a centrosome-dependent, manner through the microtubule regulating proteins TACC3 and ch-TOG. PMID: 20838383
the association between aurora A phosphorylation and spindle apparatus; regulation from aurora A is mediated by CHC in recruiting phospho-TACC3 and subsequently ch-TOG to mitotic spindles. PMID: 20566684
TOG has roles during mitosis in focusing MT minus ends at spindle poles, maintaining centrosome integrity, and contributing to spindle bipolarity PMID: 14718566
TOG mediates the association of hnRNP A2-positive granules with microtubules during transport and/or localization PMID: 15703215
Hsp90 is required to localize ch-TOG to the mitotic spindle. PMID: 17376965
A novel function of Aurora-A, the regulation of ch-TOG and MCAK localization, in a common pathway in control of spindle pole integrity. PMID: 18663358
ch-Tog has at least two distinct roles in spindle formation: it protects kinetochore microtubules from depolymerization by MCAK, and ch-Tog plays an essential role in centrosomal microtubule assembly, a function independent of MCAK activity. PMID: 18809577
Data hypothesize that TOGp is required for chromosome motility as a downstream consequence of reduced microtubule dynamics and/or density. PMID: 19373773
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Subcellular Location
Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, spindle pole. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, spindle. Chromosome, centromere, kinetochore.
Protein Families
TOG/XMAP215 family
Tissue Specificity
Overexpressed in hepatomas and colonic tumors. Also expressed in skeletal muscle, brain, heart, placenta, lung, liver, kidney and pancreas. Expression is elevated in the brain; highly expressed in the Purkinje cell bodies of the cerebellum.