Recombinant Mouse Acyl-CoA desaturase 1 (Scd1), partial

1. intestinal SCD1 to be required for synthesis of oleate in the enterocytes and maintenance of fatty acid homeostasis. Dietary supplementation with oleic acid reduces intestinal inflammation and tumor development in mice. PMID: 30063922
2. Experimental models in mice and human epithelial cells suggest that inhibition of stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase activity leads to airway hyper-responsiveness and reduced antiviral defense. PMID: 28397284
3. leucine deprivation induces the expression of miR-212-5p in a GCN2/ATF4-dependent manner. miR-212-5p suppresses lipid accumulation in liver by targeting FAS and SCD1 under both normal diet and high-fat diet conditions. PMID: 28667176
4. The aggravated steatosis in Trif(-/-) mice was due to the increased hepatocyte transcription of the gene encoding stearoyl-coenzyme A (CoA) desaturase 1 (SCD1), the rate-limiting enzyme for lipogenesis. PMID: 28790196
5. A positive correlation among EGFR activation, SCD1 Y55 phosphorylation and SCD1 protein expression. PMID: 28724430
6. BTG1 has a role in regulating hepatic lipid metabolism and in preventing ATF4 and SCD1 from inducing liver steatosis PMID: 27188441
7. SCD1 is a key player in the development of alcoholic fatty liver disease. PMID: 27477676
8. SCD1 ablation/inhibition decreased cardiac lipid content. PMID: 27751891
9. Our data provide evidence that SCD1 has a broad impact on WAT lipid handling by altering TAG composition in a depot-specific manner, reducing FA reesterification, and regulating markers of lipolysis and glyceroneogenesis. PMID: 28659287
10. SCD expressed by HSCs promoted liver tumor development in mice. PMID: 28143772
11. investigated the effect of genetic ablation of SCD1 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes on membrane microdomain lipid composition at the species-specific level PMID: 27632198
12. Splenic effector T cells (CD4(+)CD25(-)) from age- and sex-matched wild-type (WT) and Scd1KO mice were isolated by FACS and intraperitoneally administered to Rag1KO mice, which were monitored for the development of colitis. At day 60 postcell transfer, Rag1KO mice that received Scd1KO CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells displayed accelerated and exacerbated colitis than mice receiving WT CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells. PMID: 27609767
13. Scd1 protects cells against lipotoxicity-mediated apoptosis in proximal tubular cells. PMID: 27834856
14. Scd1 Is Regulated by Dbc1 and SirT1. PMID: 26074075
15. Study provides new insights into the critical role of SCD1 as a regulator of adipocyte function and lipid metabolism. PMID: 25959085
16. The study reports report the 3.25-A crystal structure of human SCD1 in complex with its substrate, stearoyl-coenzyme A, which defines the new SCD1 dimetal catalytic center and reveals the determinants of substrate binding. PMID: 26098317
17. SCD1 is a novel oncogenic factor specifically required for tumor cell viability in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. PMID: 25675381
18. crystal structure of mouse SCD1 bound to stearoyl-CoA at 2.6 A resolution PMID: 26098370
19. Data indicate that lowering stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1) activity specifically activates p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (P38MAPK). PMID: 25678624
20. Results provide new mechanistic insight into the role of SCD1 as a regulator of fatty acid profiles and Triacylglycerol (TG) synthesis in adipocytes, and reinforce that modulating SCD1 activity may help reduce the risk of obesity-related complications. PMID: 24566853
21. Data indicate that global DNA methylation level in adipocytes depends on stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) expression/activity. PMID: 25130896
22. Results show that SCD1 was expressed selectively in the S3 segment of proximal tubule cells, and SCD1 abundance was increased in uromodulin-associated kidney disease affected kidneys. PMID: 25409434
23. Data indicate that hepatic stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) expression was decreased in cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1)-null mice. PMID: 24684199
24. Data show that liver X receptor (LXR) agonist TO901317 increases hepatic fatty acid desaturation via induction of stearoyl CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) expression in an LXRalpha-dependent and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP1c)-mediated manner. PMID: 23945440
25. results suggest that SCD1 activity is required for the earliest step of autophagosome formation PMID: 25023287
26. mRNA and protein levels of stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase 1 are significantly elevated in the tsc2(-/-) MEFs compared with Tsc2(+/+) mouse embryonic fibroblasts PMID: 24296537
27. Hepatic expression of Scd1 is differentially affected by carbohydrate- and lipid content of the diet. PMID: 23803969
28. This minireview summarizes the role of skin SCD1 in regulating skin integrity and whole body energy homeostasis and offers a discussion of potential pathways that may connect these seemingly disparate phenotypes. PMID: 24356954
29. SCD1 overexpression is associated with increased muscle triglyceride content. PMID: 23918045
30. Increased levels of SCD1 enhance osteogenesis in bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells. PMID: 24088802
31. The protective effect of TO901317 was lost after gene silencing of Scd-1/-2, thereby confirming that the protective effect of TO901317 is mediated by Scd-1/-2. PMID: 23867797
32. Gamma-tocotrienol showed attenuation of triglyceride through effect on fatty acid synthase, sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1, stearoyl CoA desaturase 1, and carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1A gene expression in Hepa 1-6 cells. PMID: 23727646
33. Monounsaturated fatty acids generated via stearoyl CoA desaturase-1 are endogenous inhibitors of fatty acid amide hydrolase. PMID: 24191036
34. Systemic down-regulation of delta-9 desaturase promotes muscle oxidative metabolism and accelerates muscle function recovery following nerve injury. PMID: 23785402
35. In vivo studies using germline (Creb1(-/-) ) and lung epithelial-specific (Creb1(EpiDelta/Delta) ) Creb1 knockout mice showed strongly reduced Scd1, but not Fasn gene expression and protein levels in lung epithelial cells. PMID: 23637738
36. macrophage-specific SCD1 overexpression promotes overall RCT through increased cholesterol efflux to HDL, suggesting that macrophage SCD1 achieves an anti-atherogenic effect by enhancing RCT. PMID: 23747827
37. a critical role for Scd1 in functional regulation of leukemia stem cells PMID: 22431519
38. Thyroid hormone negatively regulates human SCD-1 gene expression in without direct binding of the TH receptor to the SCD-1 gene promoter. PMID: 23221600
39. SCD1 deletion from adipose and/or liver is insufficient to elicit protection from obesity PMID: 22669918
40. analysis of potent and liver-selective stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) inhibitors in an acyclic linker series PMID: 22101133
41. Repression of SCD1 by alpha-linolenic acid favorably increased cholesterol efflux and decreased cholesterol accumulation in foam cells. PMID: 21658928
42. aryl hydrocarbon receptor regulation of Scd1 not only alters lipid composition but also contributes to the hepatotoxicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-rho-dioxin. PMID: 21890736
43. Overexpression of KLF15 transcription factor in adipocytes of mice results in down-regulation of SCD1 protein expression in adipocytes and consequent enhancement of glucose-induced insulin secretion. PMID: 21862590
44. Skin-specific Scd1 knockout (SKO) mice still remain resistant to obesity. PMID: 21573029
45. TR4 transactivation is inhibited via phosphorylation by metformin-induced AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) at the amino acid serine 351, which results in the suppression of SCD1 gene expression. PMID: 21478464
46. SCD-1 activity is required for efficient cholesterol esterification to monounsaturated fatty acids and that loss of its activity increases Xbp-1s-mediated free cholesterol synthesis. PMID: 20923962
47. Data from gene knockdown experiments suggest Scd1 is important in the beta-cell response to physiological stress. PMID: 20920255
48. adipose-specific deletion of SCD1 induces GLUT1 up-regulation in adipose tissue, suggesting that GLUT1 may play a critical role in controlling glucose homeostasis of adipose tissue in adipose-specific SCD1-deficient conditions. PMID: 20655875
49. Data suggest that the increased food intake and increased energy expenditure of Scd1-/- mice are independent of the neuropeptide melanin-concentrating hormone. PMID: 19883709
50. findings show show that stearoyl-CoA desaturase-SCD is involved in beta cell cytoprotective mechanism to fatty acid toxicity through its ability to transfer saturated FA into monounsaturated FA that are incorporated in lipids PMID: 19787047

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Defects is Scd1 are the cause of asebia (ab) (PubMed:17738154, PubMed:10545940, PubMed:10854228, PubMed:10899171, PubMed:15278437). The trait is due to spontaneous autosomal recessive mutations that give rise to deletions or point mutations in Scd1. The ab trait has complete penetrance (PubMed:17738154). Ab mice are characterized by reduced body weight, extreme sebaceous gland hypoplasia leading to nearly complete absence of sebaceous glands, and thickened, scaly skin with hyperkeratosis and alopecia (PubMed:17738154, PubMed:10854228, PubMed:15278437). The hair follicles are abnormally long and extend at a sharp angle into the subcutis, probably due to abnormal persistence of inner root sheath. Frequently the hair shaft ruptures through the base of the hair follicle, giving rise to inflammation that results in scarring alopecia (PubMed:10854228, PubMed:15278437). Besides, ab mice display increased transepithelial water loss (PubMed:10854228). Ab mice present a narrow eye fissure and their eyes are nearly closed (PubMed:10854228, PubMed:15278437). Older mice develop blindness (PubMed:17738154). Scd1 activity is almost absent in liver, and is not compensated by expression of another family member (PubMed:10899171). Liver levels of total cholesterol esters are decreased by 87%, while plasma cholesterol levels are increased by 35% (PubMed:10899171). Likewise, skin sterol esters and diol diesters are strongly reduced (PubMed:10854228). Liver triglyceride levels are decreased by 62%, while plasma triglyceride levels are decreased by 67% (PubMed:10899171). The fatty acid composition of liver triglycerides is altered, with a decrease of about 85% in palmitoleate (C16:1) and oleate (C18:1) levels (PubMed:10899171). These defects cannot be compensated by a diet enriched in unsaturated fatty acids (PubMed:10899171, PubMed:11441127).

Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Microsome membrane.

Fatty acid desaturase type 1 family

Detected in liver (at protein level). Detected in skin and liver. Detected in sebaceous gland, but not in hair follicle. Detected in white and brown adipose tissue, eyelid, Harderian gland, and at lower levels in Meibomian gland, eyeball and adrenal gland

KEGG: mmu:20249

STRING: 10090.ENSMUSP00000036936

UniGene: Mm.267377