Recombinant Rat Proenkephalin-A (Penk)

1. Preproenkephalin-minimalistic immunologically defined gene expression-nuclear localization signal (PPENK-MIDGE-NLS) vector postconditioning can mitigate myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury by promoting mitophagy. PMID: 29169417
2. Mapping the co-localization of the circadian proteins PER2 and BMAL1 with enkephalin and substance P throughout the rat forebrain has been reported. PMID: 28423013
3. The findings of thus study suggest that, in parkinsonian animals treated with l-DOPA, high levels of PPENK are a prerequisite for a locomotor sensitization to l-DOPA treatment PMID: 27072528
4. results suggest that a DeltaFosB-mediated downregulation of enkephalin in the nucleus accumbens might underlie the susceptibility to chronic stress PMID: 24090157
5. Enkephalin expression was increased in the paraventricular nucleus in high ethanol consuming rats with high activity compared to low activity. PMID: 22725682
6. we have demonstrated that ENKergic neurons facilitate unconditioned fear and anxiety through ENK release PMID: 23368426
7. enkephalin surges and mu opioid stimulation in the same anteromedial dorsal neostriatumregion contribute to signaling the opportunity to eat a sensory reward and to causally generating increased consumption of that reward. PMID: 23000149
8. The results of this study showed that dense ENK-ir fibers and terminals and GABA-ir cell bodies, fibers, and terminals were observed in the nucleus tractus solitarius. PMID: 20686827
9. Elevated expression levels of enkephalin are found in the hypothalamus of rats predicted to consume high levels of ethanol. PMID: 20692550
10. Normal-weight rats predicted to overconsume a fat-rich diet exhibit disturbances in endogenous enkephalin expression and functioning that may contribute to their long-term, behavioral phenotype. PMID: 20603139
11. proenkephalin is sorted to the regulated secretory pathway at the trans-Golgi network by a mechanism involving the interaction of a specific sorting signal on these molecules with the sorting receptor [review] PMID: 12438160
12. there are gender differences in the response of chronic exposure to cannabinoids on proenkephalin gene expression in the hypothalamus PMID: 12503826
13. Systemic immune challenge induces preproenkephalin gene transcription in distinct autonomic structures of the rat brain. PMID: 12811812
14. 60% and 40% of olfactory tubercle neurons projecting to the ventrolateral portion of the ventral pallidum were immunoreactive for PPD and PPE, respectively, as were the accumbens nucleus neurons. PMID: 12895518
15. These results suggest that endogenous opioids could play a major role in controlling sympathetic outflow to the bladder through a direct action on sympathetic preganglionic neurons. PMID: 15952166
16. Alterations in enkephalin expression in the substantia nigra and CP in response to ethanol exposure could be involved in the mechanisms underlying brain sensitivity to the drug. PMID: 18227978

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KEGG: rno:29237

STRING: 10116.ENSRNOP00000011892

UniGene: Rn.10015