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APOH Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody

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Datasheet
Code CSB-RA001939MA1HU
Size $49.9
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Image
  • IHC image of CSB-RA001939MA1HU diluted at 1:50 and staining in paraffin-embedded human liver tissue performed on a Leica BondTM system. After dewaxing and hydration, antigen retrieval was mediated by high pressure in a citrate buffer (pH 6.0). Section was blocked with 10% normal goat serum 30min at RT. Then primary antibody (1% BSA) was incubated at 4°C overnight. The primary is detected by a Anti-Human lgG, Fcy Fragment Specific labeled by HRP and visualized using 0.05% DAB.
  • IHC image of CSB-RA001939MA1HU diluted at 1:50 and staining in paraffin-embedded human liver cancer performed on a Leica BondTM system. After dewaxing and hydration, antigen retrieval was mediated by high pressure in a citrate buffer (pH 6.0). Section was blocked with 10% normal goat serum 30min at RT. Then primary antibody (1% BSA) was incubated at 4°C overnight. The primary is detected by a Anti-Human lgG, Fcy Fragment Specific labeled by HRP and visualized using 0.05% DAB.
  • Overlay Peak curve showing HepG2 cells stained with CSB-RA001939MA1HU (red line) at 1:100. The cells were fixed in 4% formaldehyde and permeated by 0.2% TritonX-100 for 10min. Then 10% normal goat serum to block non-specific protein-protein interactions followed by the antibody (1ug/1*106cells) for 45min at 4℃. The secondary antibody used was Fluorescein (FITC) AffiniPure Goat Anti-Human IgG, Fcγ fragment specific at 1:200 dilution for 35min at 4℃.Control antibody (green line) was human IgG1 (1ug/1*106cells) used under the same conditions. Acquisition of >10,000 events was performed.
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Product Details

Uniprot No.
P02749
Target Names
APOH
Alternative Names
Activated protein C binding protein antibody; Activated protein C-binding protein antibody; Anticardiolipin cofactor antibody; APC inhibitor antibody; Apo-H antibody; APOH antibody; APOH_HUMAN antibody; apolipoprotein H (beta-2-glycoprotein I) antibody; Apolipoprotein H antibody; B2G1 antibody; B2GP1 antibody; B2GPI antibody; Beta 2 glycoprotein I antibody; Beta 2 glycoprotein I precursor antibody; Beta(2)GPI antibody; Beta-2-glycoprotein 1 antibody; Beta-2-glycoprotein I antibody; BG antibody; Glycoprotein 1; beta-2 antibody; Glycoprotein I; beta-2 antibody; OTTMUSP00000003033 antibody
Species Reactivity
Human
Immunogen
Recombinant Human APOH protein
Immunogen Species
Homo sapiens (Human)
Conjugate
Non-conjugated
Clonality
Monoclonal
Isotype
hIgG1
Clone No.
20C3
Purification Method
Affinity-chromatography
Concentration
It differs from different batches. Please contact us to confirm it.
Buffer
Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300
Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4
Form
Liquid
Tested Applications
ELISA, IHC, FC
Recommended Dilution
Application Recommended Dilution
IHC 1:50-1:200
FC 1:50-1:200
Protocols
ELISA Protocol
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) Protocol
Flow Cytometry (FC) Protocol
Troubleshooting and FAQs
Antibody FAQs
Storage
Upon receipt, store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze.
Lead Time
Basically, we can dispatch the products out in 1-3 working days after receiving your orders. Delivery time maybe differs from different purchasing way or location, please kindly consult your local distributors for specific delivery time.
Description

Apolipoprotein H, also known as beta-2-glycoprotein I, plays a central role in lipid metabolism and hemostatic regulation. This multifunctional plasma glycoprotein serves as a critical cofactor in antiphospholipid antibody-mediated thrombosis and functions as an inhibitor of activated protein C. Its involvement in cardiovascular pathophysiology, particularly in antiphospholipid syndrome and atherosclerosis, makes APOH a significant target for researchers investigating coagulation disorders, autoimmune conditions, and lipid-related cardiovascular disease.

This recombinant monoclonal antibody, clone 20C3, offers the reproducibility and consistency that demanding research protocols require. Produced using recombinant technology with a defined sequence, this antibody eliminates the lot-to-lot variability inherent in traditional hybridoma-derived reagents. The human IgG1 isotype format, combined with affinity chromatography purification, ensures high specificity for human APOH with minimal background interference.

Validation studies demonstrate reliable performance across multiple experimental platforms. Immunohistochemistry testing in paraffin-embedded human liver tissue and liver cancer specimens shows clear target detection at 1:50 dilution using citrate buffer antigen retrieval, providing researchers flexibility when examining both normal and pathological tissue contexts. Flow cytometry analysis using HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells confirms intracellular detection capability, with distinct signal separation from isotype control when cells are fixed and permeabilized. The antibody is also validated for ELISA applications, expanding its utility across different experimental workflows.

For investigators studying cardiovascular biology, thrombotic mechanisms, or hepatic protein expression, this APOH antibody delivers the technical performance and experimental versatility needed to advance understanding of this clinically relevant target.

Usage
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.

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Target Background

Function
Binds to various kinds of negatively charged substances such as heparin, phospholipids, and dextran sulfate. May prevent activation of the intrinsic blood coagulation cascade by binding to phospholipids on the surface of damaged cells.
Gene References into Functions
  1. This study aimed to explore the mechanism of a novel mutation (p.Lys38Glu) in apolipoprotein H (APOH) gene causing hereditary beta2-glycoprotein I (beta2GPI) deficiency and thrombosis in a proband with thrombophilia. PMID: 30074200
  2. Data suggest alpha-1-antitrypsin (A1AT) and APOH (beta-2-glycoprotein-1) could represent promising markers for renal carcinogenesis in Von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHLD) patients. PMID: 28004973
  3. Suggest that anti-beta2 GPI antibodies bind to beta2 GPI-PS complexes expressed on microparticles. Consequent loss of beta2 GPI-PS expression on MPs may impair scavenging and contribute to the accumulation of circulating PS-negative MPs, a possible source of autoantigens in systemic lupus erythematosus. PMID: 28667788
  4. the data revealed that reduced beta2GPI exerts protective effects from glucoseinduced injury in human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells. PMID: 28731130
  5. Data suggest that, in patients with anti-GPIIb/IIIa-mediated immune thrombocytopenia, diminished plasma levels of beta2-GPI are linked to enhanced complement activation. PMID: 29350259
  6. The aim of this study was to assess clinical utility of the anti-Domain 1 B2GP1 antibodies in the diagnosis and risk stratification of antiphospholipid syndrome. Anti-Domain 1 test does not add accuracy in predicting Antiphospholipid syndrome thrombotic complications on the top of accuracy offered by classic tests. PMID: 28363116
  7. we have demonstrated a pathogenic role for aPL containing samples, mediated via aPL-2bGPI interactions, resulting in activation of the pro-apoptotic p38 MAPK pathway. PMID: 28079888
  8. Pretransplant IgA-aB2GP1 was the main risk factor for graft thrombosis and early graft loss after renal transplantation. PMID: 27140515
  9. These results suggest that antibodies directed against domain 1 of beta-2-glycoprotein 1 may contribute to antiphospholipid syndrome risk assessment, due to their association with the diagnosis of systemic autoimmunity and with more aggressive triple antiphospholipid antibody profiles, such as triple positivity and lupus anticoagulant activity. PMID: 27770664
  10. Circulating Immune Complexes of IgA Bound to Beta 2 Glycoprotein are Strongly Associated with the Occurrence of Acute Thrombotic Events. PMID: 27063992
  11. Genome-wide significant results in or near the APOH gene on chromosome 17 have been found for plasma apolipoprotein H levels in middle-aged and older adults. PMID: 27030319
  12. Prevalence and pathogenicity of IgA aB2GPI antibodies may vary from a population of ESRD patients to another. PMID: 26900811
  13. The association of IL28B and APOH single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with sustained virological response and of ITPA SNPs with anemia related phenotypes. PMID: 26670100
  14. We identified APOH as an obesity-resistance gene that interacts with FTO rs9939609 to more than double the occurrence of thinness. PMID: 26711810
  15. Trp316Ser variant (rs1801690) near the apolipoprotein H (beta2-glycoprotein-I) gene was associated with serum lipid parameters in Chinese volunteers. Suggest that there may be have racial/ethnic-and/or gender-specificity. PMID: 26261630
  16. Using affinity chromatography, polymyxin B can effectively decrease the binding of beta2GP1 to immobilize phosphatidylserine. PMID: 24275099
  17. Plasma apolipoprotein H limits HCV replication and associates with response to NS3 protease inhibitor-based therapy. PMID: 25556540
  18. The renoprotective and antifibrosis effects of beta2GPI and reduced beta2GPI on diabetic nephropathy were closely associated with suppressing the activation of the TGF-beta1-p38 MAPK pathway. PMID: 26045739
  19. Apo H is up-regulated in aspirin-tolerant asthma (ATA) compared to aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) and normal controls, suggesting that Apo H may be involved in different pathogenesis of ATA from AERD PMID: 24120690
  20. the V/V genotype and the V-encoding allele at position 247 of the beta2GPI gene had strong correlation with the occurrence of thrombosis and the production of the anti-beta2GPI antibodies. PMID: 24661363
  21. Apolipoprotein H expression is associated with IL28B Single Nucleotide Polymorphism and viral clearance in hepatitis C virus infection. PMID: 24905490
  22. The interaction between beta2GPI and TLR4 is confirmed by the reduction of anti-beta2GPI antibody binding and by the up-regulation of E-selectin or ICAM-1 by TLR4 silencing in HUVEC. PMID: 24685231
  23. APOH is a new candidate gene associated with thrombosis PMID: 25081279
  24. Data indicate that subjects with xidized low-density lipoprotein/beta2-glycoprotein I (oxLDL/beta2GPI) above the median (0.25 U/mL) were more likely to have arterial or venous disease. PMID: 25405208
  25. Serum from peripheral arterial disease patients with elevated beta2 glycoprotein I antibodies induces a genomic overexpression of TLR4 and its cellular signalling molecules in endothelial cells. PMID: 24472415
  26. Pretransplant IgA-aB2GPI-ab may have a detrimental effect on early clinical outcomes after renal transplantation. PMID: 25071084
  27. Partial or complete removal of the carbohydrate chains uncover cryptic epitopes present in beta(2)GPI. PMID: 25256745
  28. Serum beta2-GPI-Lp(a) levels were increased in ischemic stroke patients PMID: 24315780
  29. beta(2) GPI functions as a physiologic anticoagulant by inhibiting the key procoagulant activities of thrombin without affecting its unique anticoagulant function PMID: 23578283
  30. In seeking to identify proteins phosphorylated during anti-beta2GPI antibody-induced endothelial activation, we observed phosphorylation of nonmuscle myosin II regulatory light chain (RLC), which regulates cytoskeletal assembly. PMID: 23954892
  31. beta2GPI is a major autoantigen in the antiphospholipid syndrome; this protein can bind to the surface of apoptotic cells, playing a dual role as immunogen and as pathophysiological target of antiphospholipids. PMID: 23713583
  32. Both NF-kappaB and c-Jun/AP-1 can be activated and play important roles in the process of anti-beta2GPI/beta2GPI-induced tissue factor expression in monocytes. PMID: 23467542
  33. IgA antibodies to beta-glycoprotein I are detrimental to the clinical outcome of hemodialysis patients. PMID: 22358146
  34. Identify common variants reflecting the genetic architecture influencing plasma beta2 -GPI levels. PMID: 23279374
  35. This review discusses the characteristics of beta2GPI, an antigen of central importance in antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), as well as the targeting of the beta2GPI/anti-beta2GPI interaction in the treatment of APS. PMID: 23692565
  36. Beta(2)-GPI plays an essential role in the down-regulation of VEGF-induced endothelial responses. PMID: 22956423
  37. MAPKs (p38, ERK1/2 and JNK1/2) were the crucial downstream targets of the anti-beta(2)GPI/beta(2)GPI -triggered TLR4 signaling pathways in THP-1 cells. PMID: 22940059
  38. anti-beta(2)GPI/beta(2)GPI complex induced TF and TNF-alpha expression involving both TLR4/MyD88 and TLR4/TRIF signaling pathways and TLR4 and its adaptors might be molecular targets for therapy of antiphospholipid syndrome PMID: 22964479
  39. anti-oxLDL-beta2GPI antibodies and IgM anti-Elevated oxLDL-beta2GPI antibodies were detected in systemic lupus erythematosus, which may contribute to the elevated cardiovascular risk in SLE patients. PMID: 23214196
  40. Findings support the notion that the beta2-glycoprotein I (beta2GPI) Valine/Leucine247 polymorphism plays a role, but is probably not crucial in the pathogenesis of anti-phospholipid syndrome influencing development of anti-beta2GPI and thrombosis. PMID: 22399073
  41. Recent developments in our understanding of the antiphospholipid syndrome. (review) PMID: 22394675
  42. [review] Val/Val genotype of beta2-GPI gene is associated with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), by patients with APS, with production of anti-beta2-GPI antibodies. PMID: 22246055
  43. epitope glycine40-arginine43 of domain I of beta2GPI predominantly responsible for binding thrombosis related antibodies [review] PMID: 22635228
  44. immunocomplexes of Hep, beta2GPI and anti-beta2GPI IgG in plasma of patients with antiphospholipid syndrome PMID: 22635233
  45. among Spanish Caucasians, polymorphisms at codon 247 (Val247Leu) do not seem to influence primary antiphospholipid syndrome pathogenesis. PMID: 21240499
  46. Letter: report breast cancer patient with elevated anti-beta2-glycoprotein I antibody and cerebellar ataxia. PMID: 22427365
  47. Increased complexes of beta(2)-glycoprotein I with lipoprotein(a)is associated with coronary artery disease. PMID: 22056596
  48. A review of the role of oxidative stress in beta2-GPI-mediated immune responses. PMID: 21999151
  49. [REVIEW] function in innate immunity; function of beta(2) -GPI seems to depend on the structural conformation of the protein PMID: 21535391
  50. role of beta2-GPI in placentation: Data suggest that in some women with habitual miscarriage, antagonism of beta2-GPI by autoantibodies against beta2-GPI suppresses PlGF production in trophoblasts and causes failure of placenta formation/function. PMID: 21501325

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Subcellular Location
Secreted.
Tissue Specificity
Expressed by the liver and secreted in plasma.
Database Links

HGNC: 616

OMIM: 138700

KEGG: hsa:350

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000205948

UniGene: Hs.445358

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