Recombinant Arabidopsis thaliana Ceramide synthase 1 LOH3 (LOH3)

Essential for plant growth, promotes cell division in root meristems. Catalyzes the biosynthesis of ceramide sphingolipids with C(16) to C(28) fatty acids, structural membrane lipids involved in membrane trafficking (e.g. early endosomes) and cell polarity (e.g. polar auxin transport related peoteins); active on a broad substrate spectrum, both regarding chain lengths of fatty acids and the sphingoid base, such as long-chain base (LCB) phytosphingosine (t18:0). Mediates resistance to sphinganine-analog mycotoxins (SAMs, e.g. fumonisin B(1)) by restoring the sphingolipid biosynthesis. Could salvage the transport of GPI-anchored proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus in ceramides-depleted cells after SAM exposure. Contributes to hypoxic conditions tolerance (e.g. submergences), especially in the dark, by promoting the formation of very-long-chain (VLC) ceramide species (22:1, 24:1 and 26:1) and of VLC unsaturated ceramides, which are modulating CTR1-mediated ethylene signaling leading to endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-to-nucleus translocation of EIN2 and EIN3.