Human Transmembrane glycoprotein NMB(GPNMB) ELISA kit

Product Details

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Target Background

Product Details

Target Name

glycoprotein (transmembrane) nmb

Alternative Names

Glycoprotein (transmembrane) nmb ELISA Kit; Glycoprotein nmb ELISA Kit; Glycoprotein nmb like protein ELISA Kit; Gpnmb ELISA Kit; GPNMB_HUMAN ELISA Kit; HGFIN ELISA Kit; NMB ELISA Kit; Osteoactivin ELISA Kit; Transmembrane glycoprotein ELISA Kit; Transmembrane glycoprotein HGFIN ELISA Kit; Transmembrane glycoprotein NMB ELISA Kit

Abbreviation

GPNMB

Uniprot No.

Q14956

Species

Homo sapiens (Human)

Sample Types

serum, plasma, tissue homogenates

Detection Range

0.78 ng/mL-50 ng/mL

Sensitivity

0.195 ng/mL

Assay Time

1-5h

Sample Volume

50-100ul

Detection Wavelength

450 nm

Research Area

Cancer

Assay Principle

quantitative

Measurement

Sandwich

Precision

Linearity

To assess the linearity of the assay, samples were spiked with high concentrations of human GPNMB in various matrices and diluted with the Sample Diluent to produce samples with values within the dynamic range of the assay.

	Sample	Serum(n=4)
1:1	Average %	104
	Range %	97-111
1:2	Average %	96
	Range %	90-100
1:4	Average %	100
	Range %	95-105
1:8	Average %	90
	Range %	85-96

Recovery

Typical Data

These standard curves are provided for demonstration only. A standard curve should be generated for each set of samples assayed.

ng/ml

OD1

OD2

Average

Corrected

2.159

2.234

2.197

2.015

1.697

1.667

1.682

1.501

12.5

1.087

1.098

1.093

0.912

6.25

0.730

0.719

0.724

0.543

3.12

0.479

0.491

0.485

0.304

1.56

0.345

0.353

0.349

0.168

0.78

0.255

0.244

0.250

0.069

0.177

0.185

0.181

ELISA Data Analysis

ELISA Standard Curve & Curve Expert software

Troubleshooting
and FAQs

ELISA kit FAQs

Storage

Store at 2-8°C. Please refer to protocol.

Shelf Life

6 months

Lead Time

3-5 working days after you place the order, and it takes another 3-5 days for delivery via DHL or FedEx.

Description

This human GPNMB ELISA kit employs the quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique to measure the levels of human GPNMB in serum, plasma, or tissue homogenates. It also uses the enzyme-substrate chromogenic reaction to visualize and analyze the analyte levels through the color intensity. The intensity of the colored product is in direct proportion to the GPNMB levels in the sample and is measured at 450 nm through a microplate reader.

GPNMB has different functions on distinct cell types. In bones, GPNMB promotes differentiation of osteoblasts and mineralization of bone matrix, fibroblast activation, and proliferation, maturation of hematopoietic and lymphoid cells, and also decreases the activation of lymphocytes T. Also, GPNMB expression is detected in multiple other tissues such as kidney and skeletal muscle where it participates in various processes like cell proliferation, tumor progression, and tissue regeneration. In humans, GPNMB serum levels are related and contribute to obesity and metabolic parameters such as hip circumference, body mass index, and insulin resistance. GPNMB also has a function as a negative regulator of inflammatory processes. It has been associated with various pathological conditions such as colitis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, glaucoma, neuroinflammation, and cancer progression.

Target Background

Function
(From Uniprot)

Could be a melanogenic enzyme.

Gene References into Functions

loss of GPNMB, which has been implicated in melanosome formation, autophagy, phagocytosis, tissue repair, and negative regulation of inflammation, underlies autosomal-recessive Amyloidosis cutis dyschromica. PMID: 29336782
Study shows high GPNMB mRNA level in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines. Its silencing regulates the proliferation and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells by suppressing the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. PMID: 29620278
Serum levels of GPNMB were highly correlated with accumulation of bioactive lipid substrate of Gaucher disease, glucosylsphingosine as well as established biomarkers, chitotriosidase and chemokine, CCL18. PMID: 28003098
Increased brain expression of GPNMB is associated with genome wide significant risk for Parkinson's disease PMID: 28391543
This study revealed that GPNMB aggregates are localized to the neuron, and not localized to the astrocyte and microglia and in the spinal cord of ALS patients. GPNMB has protective effects against mutant TDP-43-induced motor neuron cell death, via ERK1/2 and Akt pathway.. PMID: 27935101
This review will summarize the latest understanding of Gpnmb in the aspects of diagnosis, progression and prognosis of pathological disorders and neoplasms, emphasizing the clinical advances in targeting Gpnmb-expressing malignancies--{REVIEW} PMID: 29441921
The combination of MAPK pathway inhibitors with an antibody-drug conjugate targeting GPNMB is an effective therapeutic option. PMID: 27515299
High GPNMB expression is associated with enhancement of invasive behavior in lung cancer. PMID: 26883195
Findings suggest that MAFK and its target gene GPNMB play important roles in the malignant progression of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells, offering potentially new therapeutic targets for TNBC patients. PMID: 28400538
glycoprotein non-metastatic B presented increased expression in breast cancer in vivo compared to normal breast tissue PMID: 28689015
Osteoactivin differential regulates the expression of matrix metalloproteases in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas to promote cancer cell invasion. PMID: 28295306
The GPNMB is expressed in a temporal manner during eosinophil development and delivers a proliferative signal upon activation. PMID: 28104809
it may be premature to conclude associations between GPNMB rs156429 and Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and multiple system atrophy. PMID: 27132081
Glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B protein was highly expressed in the bladder cancer, which was related to the poor prognosis in bladder cancer patients. Glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion in bladder cancer cells. PMID: 28443476
an inducer for glioma and could enhance matrix metalloproteinase activity through Wnt/beta-catenin pathway to contribute to glioma tumorigenesis PMID: 27334625
findings indicate that GPNMB promotes glioma growth via Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase alpha subunits. Thus, the interaction between GPNMB and Na(+), K(+)-ATPase alpha subunits represents a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of brain glioblastomas. PMID: 27836549
Finally, we identify glycoprotein NMB as a melanocytic marker up-regulated in Tsc2-null mouse uteri and human lymphangioleiomyomatosis samples PMID: 26880751
The GPNMB is a promising biomarker and therapeutic target for the development and progression of Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in obesity. PMID: 26581806
Osteoactivin in the extracellular matrix promotes oral squamous carcinoma cell adhesion and migration. PMID: 26636434
Gpnmb Is a Potential Marker for the Visceral Pathology in Niemann-Pick Type C Disease PMID: 26771826
GPNMB might be a surrogate marker for BC and may cross talk with the HER2 signal pathway. PMID: 26077887
GPNMB plays an important roles in regulating the expression of key pluripotency genes in dental pulp cells and modifying odontogenic differentiation. PMID: 26261527
A positive correlation between GPNMB and NRP-1 levels in human breast tumors. PMID: 25772243
Data shows that the expression of Gpnmb and Spp1 is highly upregulated in glioma-associated microglia/macrophages highlighting the importance of macrophages and microglia as therapeutic targets in anti-tumor treatment regimens. PMID: 25658639
GPNMB/OA protein expression prevents cells from apoptosis-enhancing proliferation and represents a novel modulator of the invasion and metastasis in pancreatic cancer cells. PMID: 25426614
The transcription factor MITF is a critical regulator of GPNMB expression in dendritic cells. PMID: 25889792
GPNMB mRNA in FLCN-related renal cell carcinomas was 23-fold more abundant than in sporadic tumors. PMID: 25594584
GPNMB has protective effect against ischemia-reperfusion injury via phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and Akt PMID: 25010402
Glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B plays an important role in angiogenesis during hyperoxia injury PMID: 25054912
DC-HIL+ CD14+ HLA-DR no/low cells are a potential blood marker and therapeutic target for melanoma PMID: 24933321
Our data identify Gpnmb as a novel marker for obesity-induced adipose tissue macrophage infiltration and potentiator of interleukin-4 responses and point toward a crucial role for MITF in driving part of the adipose tissue macrophage phenotype. PMID: 24789918
GPNMB/OA acts as a critical molecular mediator promoting the acquisition of the more aggressive, pro-metastatic phenotype distinctive of human DU145 and PC3 cell lines. PMID: 24589892
our findings will clarify a new explanation about how GPNMB induces bone repair, and provide a potential target for bone regeneration therapeutics and bone engineering PMID: 23794283
the molecular basis for the distinct trafficking and morphogenetic properties of PMEL and GPNMB is the PKD domain PMID: 23452376
GPNMB expression was regulated by EpCAM and CSF-1 partly through their common downstream product c-myc PMID: 23924854
Silencing of GPNMB by siRNA inhibits the formation of melanosomes in melanocytes in a MITF-independent fashion. PMID: 22912767
GPNMB inhibits motor neuron death and plays a critical role in motor neuron survival. PMID: 22891158
Together these results suggest that GPNMB gene is a p53- and androgen-dysregulated gene and should be regarded as an anti-tumor gene for prostate cancer. PMID: 22290289
The abnormal expression of GPNMB may play an important role in the development of prostate cancer. PMID: 21844952
Gastrointestinal stromal tumours do not show immunopositivity for ERa or HMB45. PMID: 22014058
upregulated in monocyte-derived dendritic cells by BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors PMID: 21874302
GPNMB increase in kidney disease was confirmed by real-time PCR after 5/6 nephrectomy, in streptozotocin-induced diabetes, and in patients with chronic kidney disease PMID: 21389974
Toxin-conjugated DC-HIL to abrogate the ability of Sezary syndrome cells to proliferate in vitro. PMID: 21252093
ADAM10 as a sheddase capable of releasing the GPNMB/OA ectodomain from the surface of breast cancer cells PMID: 20711474
GPNMB expression has a role in uveal melanoma PMID: 20375921
GPNMB expression is associated with the basal/triple-negative subtype and is a prognostic marker of poor outcome in patients with breast cancer. PMID: 20215530
GPNMB is a melanosomal protein that is released by proteolytic ectodomain shedding and might be a useful and specific histological marker of melanocytic cells. PMID: 20056711
Human OA uses the same transcriptional initiation site in both bone and kidney as was reported for melanoma cells and is expressed in osteoblast cultures at all stages of differentiation PMID: 14696968
cloning and analysis of two fragments in the 5' flanking region of HGFIN; studies indicate p53 cooperates with cytokine-mediated transcription factors to regulate the expression of HGFIN PMID: 15684612
Osteoactivin is expressed at high levels in normal and inflammatory liver macrophages suggesting a significant role in acute liver injury. PMID: 15763343

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Involvement in disease

Glioblastoma multiforme patients that exhibit increased mRNA and protein levels (>3-fold over normal brain) in biopsy samples have a significantly higher risk of death (PubMed:16609006). In the context of cancer immunotherapy, including that of melanoma, has been proposed to be used as a cell surface protein antigen targeted by antibodies coupled to cytotoxic drugs (PubMed:16489096).

Subcellular Location

Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Melanosome membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Early endosome membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.

Protein Families

PMEL/NMB family

Tissue Specificity

Widely expressed, but very low expression, if any, in the brain. Expressed in the epidermis with higher levels in melanocytes compared with keratinocytes and Langerhans cells (at protein level). Expressed in peripheral blood, but not bone marrow mononucle

Database Links

HGNC: 4462

OMIM: 604368

KEGG: hsa:10457

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000371420

UniGene: Hs.190495

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Code	CSB-EL009727HU
Size	96T,5×96T,10×96T
Price	Request a Quote
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Intra-assay Precision (Precision within an assay): CV%<8%

Three samples of known concentration were tested twenty times on one plate to assess.

Inter-assay Precision (Precision between assays): CV%<10%

Three samples of known concentration were tested in twenty assays to assess.