Recombinant Human Vesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein B/C (VAPB), partial (Active)

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Code CSB-AP005491HU
Size $184
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  • (Tris-Glycine gel) Discontinuous SDS-PAGE (reduced) with 5% enrichment gel and 15% separation gel.
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Product Details

Purity
Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Endotoxin
Less than 1.0 EU/μg as determined by LAL method.
Activity
The ED50 as determined by its ability to bind Human EphB2 in functional ELISA is less than 20 ug/ml.
Target Names
VAPB
Uniprot No.
Research Area
Signal Transduction
Alternative Names
VAPB; UNQ484/PRO983; Vesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein B/C; VAMP-B/VAMP-C; VAMP-associated protein B/C; VAP-B/VAP-C
Species
Homo sapiens (Human)
Source
E.coli
Expression Region
2-132aa
Complete Sequence
AKVEQVLSLEPQHELKFRGPFTDVVTTNLKLGNPTDRNVCFKVKTTAPRRYCVRPNSGIIDAGASINVSVMLQPFDYDPNEKSKHKFMVQSMFAPTDTSDMEAVWKEAKPEDLMDSKLRCVFELPAENDKP
Mol. Weight
16 kDa
Protein Length
Partial
Tag Info
C-terminal 6xHis-tagged
Form
Lyophilized powder
Buffer
Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered 20mM Tris-HCl, 100mM NaCl, pH 8.0.
Reconstitution
We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference.
Troubleshooting and FAQs
Storage Condition
Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Shelf Life
The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself.
Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Lead Time
Basically, we can dispatch the products out in 5-10 working days after receiving your orders. Delivery time may differ from different purchasing way or location, please kindly consult your local distributors for specific delivery time.
Notes
Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.
Datasheet & COA
Please contact us to get it.
Description

Introducing Recombinant Human VAPB, a high-quality protein engineered for signal transduction research. This partial protein spans the 2-132aa expression region of Vesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein B/C (VAMP-B/VAMP-C), a critical component in cellular communication and regulation. Produced in E. coli and featuring a C-terminal 6xHis-tag for convenient purification, Recombinant Human VAPB offers a reliable and effective solution for researchers seeking to study VAMP-B/VAMP-C protein.

Our Recombinant Human VAPB maintains a purity of greater than 90%, as determined by SDS-PAGE, ensuring that it will deliver consistent performance in your experiments. Moreover, the endotoxin levels are less than 1.0 EU/µg, as measured by the LAL method, ensuring minimal interference with your research. The biological activity of this protein is confirmed by its ability to bind Human EphB2 in functional ELISA, with an ED50 of less than 20 µg/ml, demonstrating a high level of activity.

Available as a lyophilized powder, Recombinant Human VAPB provides convenient storage and use for various experimental designs. Choose this protein for a dependable and effective resource for your signal transduction research needs.

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Target Background

Function
Participates in the endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response (UPR) by inducing ERN1/IRE1 activity. Involved in cellular calcium homeostasis regulation.
Gene References into Functions
  1. report on a novel mutation of p.Pro56His in VABP found in a Chinese familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis pedigree and description of the clinical characteristics of the family. PMID: 28993872
  2. the component proteins of the machinery, OSBP, VAP, SAC1, and PITPNB, are all essential host factors for AiV replication. Importantly, the machinery is directly recruited to the RNA replication sites through previously unknown interactions of VAP/OSBP/SAC1 with the AiV proteins and with ACBD3. PMID: 29367253
  3. Lifelong elevation of neuronal VAPB slowed the decline of neurological impairment, delayed denervation of hindlimb muscles, and prolonged survival of spinal motor neurons. PMID: 28173107
  4. Study showed that alpha-synuclein perturbs endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria associations and that this involves disruption to the VAPB-PTPIP51 tethering proteins. Using a range of assays including immunoprecipitation, cellular glutathione S-transferase pull-down, proximity ligation and in vitro binding of recombinant proteins, study showed that alpha-synuclein is a direct binding partner for VAPB. PMID: 28337542
  5. ACBD5-VAPB interaction regulates peroxisome-endoplasmic reticulum associations. Loss of PO-ER association perturbs PO membrane expansion and increases PO movement. PMID: 28108524
  6. VAP-ACBD5-mediated contact between the endoplasmic reticulum and peroxisomes mediate organelle maintenance and lipid homeostasis. PMID: 28108526
  7. Effects of the combined absence of VAPA and VAPB in human cells were studied; cells lacking VAP accumulate high levels of PI4P, actin comets, and trans-Golgi proteins on endosomes. Such defects are mimicked by downregulation of OSBP, a VAP interactor and PI4P transporter that participates in VAP-dependent endoplasmic reticulum-endosomes tethers. PMID: 27419871
  8. this is the first study to report Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis caused by a VAPB mutation in a Chinese population. PMID: 26566915
  9. Our work revealed that VAP-A/B knockdown impaired the processing and secretion of PAUF, which is one of the cargo proteins of carriers of the trans-Golgi network to the cell surface. PMID: 26490117
  10. Heterozygous P56S Vapb knock-in mice show mild age-dependent defects in motor behaviors as characteristic features of the disease. The homozygous P56S Vapb knock-in mice show more severe defects compared with heterozygous mice reflecting the dominant and dose-dependent effects of P56S mutation. PMID: 26362257
  11. VAPB inhibited the degradation of DeltaF508-CFTR in the ER through interactions with the RMA1-Derlin-BAP31-VCP pathway. PMID: 26740627
  12. Study characterizes the human VAPB-HCV NS5B interaction and reveals that NS5B C-linker is intrinsically disordered in solution but capable of binding the human VAPB-MSP domain which overlaps with those for binding HCV NS5A and human Eph receptors. PMID: 26784321
  13. The VAPB and its interacting partners cooperatively regulate protein trafficking through the ERGIC by modulating PtdIns4P levels. PMID: 26812496
  14. Collectively, these results not only lead to a better understanding of hVAPB function but also point to potentially relevant targets for therapeutic intervention. PMID: 25826266
  15. results suggest that the binding of vesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein B(VAP-B) to Rab3 GTPase activating protein 1(RAB3GAP1) is implicated in the regulation of nuclear envelope formation through ER-Golgi intermediate compartment PMID: 25612670
  16. P56S-VAPB was found to suppress adipocyte differentiation by promoting the activation of the ATF4-CHOP pathway PMID: 25824044
  17. In patients with familial or sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) from Portugal, Iceland and Sweden no association is found with disease and VAMP-associated protein type B (VAPB) mutations. PMID: 23971766
  18. Findings provide new pathophysiological mechanisms of P56S VAPB that differentially affect the function and survival of corticospinal and spinal motor neurons in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 8. PMID: 23771029
  19. genetic screening for this mutation should be performed in all adult patients with lower motor neuron disease, regardless of family history because of the rarity of this disease, physicians often do not suspect it, and many cases may be missed in Brazil. PMID: 24212516
  20. Partial or complete loss of VAPB function leads to motor deficit but is unable to trigger a full-blown amyotrophic lateral sclerosis phenotype. PMID: 23446633
  21. this discovery provides a mechanism for ALS-causing VAPB mutants/variants to gain novel functions such as to mediate ER structure before significant accumulation of aggregates occurs. PMID: 23333387
  22. These results suggest that changes in wild type VAPB do not play a significant role in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cases that are not caused by VAPB mutations PMID: 23281774
  23. Transfection of a dominant-negative form of the AAA ATPase p97/VCP stabilizes mutant VAPB, suggesting a role for this ATPase in extracting the aggregated protein from the inclusions. PMID: 22611258
  24. structual basis of VAPC binding to HCV NS5B PMID: 22815741
  25. This study screened a cohort of 755 sporadic ALS patients, 111 familial ALS patients (97 families), and 765 control subjects of Dutch descent for mutations in vesicle-associated membrane protein B (VAPB). PMID: 22878164
  26. VAPB promotes breast tumor growth by modulation of Akt activity. PMID: 23049696
  27. The binding residues have been successfully mapped out on both NS5A and VAPB, thus allowing the construct of the complex structure. PMID: 22720086
  28. The mutation in VAPB that causes amyotrophic lateral sclerosis also causes the block of transport of nucleoporins and emerin to the nuclear envelope. PMID: 22454507
  29. ALS mutant VAPBP56S perturbs anterograde mitochondrial axonal transport by disrupting Ca(2+) homeostasis and effecting the Miro1/kinesin-1 interaction with tubulin. PMID: 22258555
  30. Loss of either VAPB or PTPIP51 perturbs uptake of Calcium by mitochondria and results in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. PMID: 22131369
  31. T46I mutant of the hVAPB MSP domain is associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. PMID: 22069488
  32. endoplasmic reticulum stress and corruption of the proteasome function might contribute to the aberrant protein homeostasis associated with hVAPB PMID: 21998752
  33. VAPB protein levels are reduced in motor neurons derived form induced pluripotent stem cells of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients. PMID: 21685205
  34. three conserved prolines in VAPA and Scs2p confers less vulnerability to mutations equivalent to the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis causing mutation as compared with VAPB, which has only two conserved prolines. PMID: 21144830
  35. newly identified mutation in human FALS has a pathogenic effect, supporting and reinforcing the role of VAPB as a causative gene of ALS. PMID: 20940299
  36. Mutations in SOD1, ANG, VAPB, TARDBP and FUS genes have been identified in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. PMID: 20577002
  37. Adeno-associated viral-mediated over-expression of both wild-type and mutated form of human VAPB selectively induces death of primary mouse motor neurons, albeit with different kinetics. PMID: 20477942
  38. study reports the first identification of the p.P56S mutation in the VAPB gene in a non-Brazilian patient PMID: 20447143
  39. VAPB mRNA levels were decreased in the spinal cord of ALS patients compared to controls and Expression of VAPB mRNA and protein was predominantly localised to large motor neurones. PMID: 18701194
  40. Pro56Ser mutation of VAPB lead to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis by eliminating the native protein structure. PMID: 20377183
  41. these results demonstrate that the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis -linked VAPB mutant causes dramatic ER restructuring that may underlie its pathogenicity in motoneurons. PMID: 20008544
  42. the mechanism by which VAP-B(P56S) aggregates are formed and induce familial motor neuron diseases PMID: 20207736
  43. under conditions of proteasomal inhibition, as encountered in many neurodegenerative diseases including ALS, variant VAPB proteins might accumulate in affected cells and contribute to ALS pathogenesis. PMID: 20227395
  44. evidence that Nir (Nir1, Nir2, and Nir3)-VAP-B interactions are mediated through the conserved FFAT (two phenylalanines (FF) in acidic tract) motif present in Nir proteins PMID: 15545272
  45. Regulation of ceramide transport protein by oxyste rbinding proteins, sterols, and VAMP reveals a novel mechanism for integrating sterol regulatory signals with ceramide transport and sphingomyelin synthesis in the Golgi apparatus. PMID: 16571669
  46. Frequency of the detected exon variation in the VAPB gene was not significantly different between patients and controls. VAPB mutations are not a common cause of adult-onset sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. PMID: 16729899
  47. Overexpression of wild type VAPB promotes unfolded protein response, which is a reaction of the endoplasmic reticulum to suppress accumulation of misfolded proteins. PMID: 16891305
  48. it is suggested that VAPB mutations do not significantly contribute to the genetic causes of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in the UK and Northern Europe PMID: 17536055
  49. P56S mutation in VAP-B may lead to a less stable interaction of this endoplasmic reticulum protein with at least two other proteins: tubulin and GAPDH. PMID: 17540579
  50. VAPB is abundant in motor neurons and the P56S substitution causes aggregation of mutant VAPB in immobile tubular ER clusters, perturbs FFAT-motif binding, and traps endogenous VAP in mutant aggregates, which may cause motor neuron degeneration. PMID: 17804640

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Involvement in disease
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 8 (ALS8); Spinal muscular atrophy, proximal, adult, autosomal dominant (SMAPAD)
Subcellular Location
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Single-pass type IV membrane protein.
Protein Families
VAMP-associated protein (VAP) (TC 9.B.17) family
Tissue Specificity
Ubiquitous. Isoform 1 predominates.
Database Links

HGNC: 12649

OMIM: 182980

KEGG: hsa:9217

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000417175

UniGene: Hs.182625

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