GRHL3 Antibody

Code CSB-PA844730LA01HU
Size US$166
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  • Immunofluorescent analysis of PC-3 cells using CSB-PA844730LA01HU at dilution of 1:100 and Alexa Fluor 488-congugated AffiniPure Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG(H+L)
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Product Details

Full Product Name
Rabbit anti-Homo sapiens (Human) GRHL3 Polyclonal antibody
Uniprot No.
Target Names
GRHL3
Alternative Names
Drosophila antibody; Grainyhead like 3 antibody; Grainyhead like protein 3 homolog antibody; Grainyhead-like protein 3 homolog antibody; grhl3 antibody; GRHL3_HUMAN antibody; Sister of mammalian grainyhead antibody; Sister of mammalian grainyhead protein antibody; SOM antibody; TFCP2L4 antibody; Transcription factor CP2 like 4 antibody; Transcription factor CP2-like 4 antibody
Raised in
Rabbit
Species Reactivity
Human
Immunogen
Recombinant Human Grainyhead-like protein 3 homolog protein (31-182AA)
Immunogen Species
Homo sapiens (Human)
Conjugate
Non-conjugated

The GRHL3 Antibody (Product code: CSB-PA844730LA01HU) is Non-conjugated. For GRHL3 Antibody with conjugates, please check the following table.

Available Conjugates
Conjugate Product Code Product Name Application
HRP CSB-PA844730LB01HU GRHL3 Antibody, HRP conjugated ELISA
FITC CSB-PA844730LC01HU GRHL3 Antibody, FITC conjugated
Biotin CSB-PA844730LD01HU GRHL3 Antibody, Biotin conjugated ELISA
Clonality
Polyclonal
Isotype
IgG
Purification Method
>95%, Protein G purified
Concentration
It differs from different batches. Please contact us to confirm it.
Buffer
Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300
Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4
Form
Liquid
Tested Applications
ELISA, IF
Recommended Dilution
Application Recommended Dilution
IF 1:50-1:200
Troubleshooting and FAQs
Storage
Upon receipt, store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze.
Lead Time
Basically, we can dispatch the products out in 1-3 working days after receiving your orders. Delivery time maybe differs from different purchasing way or location, please kindly consult your local distributors for specific delivery time.

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Target Background

Function
Transcription factor playing important roles in primary neurulation and in the differentiation of stratified epithelia of both ectodermal and endodermal origin. Binds directly to the consensus DNA sequence 5'-AACCGGTT-3' acting as an activator and repressor on distinct target genes. xhibits functional redundancy with GRHL2 in epidermal morphogenetic events and epidermal wound repair. Exhibits functional redundancy with GRHL2 in epidermal morphogenetic events and epidermal wound repair but is essential to form the epidermal barrier with TGM3 as critical direct target gene among others. Despite being dispensable during normal epidermal homeostasis in the adulthood, is again required for barrier repair after immune-mediated epidermal damage, regulates distinct gene batteries in embryonic epidermal differentiation and adult epidermal barrier reformation after injury. Plays unique and cooperative roles with GRHL2 in establishing distinct zones of primary neurulation. Essential for spinal closure, functions cooperatively with GRHL2 in closure 2 (forebrain/midbrain boundary) and posterior neuropore closure. Also required for proper development of the oral periderm. No genetic interaction with GRHL3, no functional cooperativity due to diverse target gene selectivity.
Gene References into Functions
  1. Non-melanoma skin cancer growth is accompanied by coordinated reduced expression of epidermal differentiation genes: GRHL1 and GRHL3, which may be regulated by miR-21-3p and -5p, respectively. Some potentially damaging single nucleotide polymorphisms in GRHL genes occur with altered frequencies in NMSC patients, and they may in particular impair the expression of GRHL3 gene or functioning of encoded protein PMID: 29301499
  2. The down-regulation of GRHL3 in vitro could inhibit colorectal cancer cell activity and trigger cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase and apoptosis. PMID: 29270747
  3. The data suggest that IRF6, TFAP2A, and GRHL3, among others, are shared in neural tube and orofacial development. PMID: 27933721
  4. Comparison of the variant rate between our cohort and the ExAC database identified a significant enrichment of deleterious variants in GRHL3 in the whole gene and the transactivation region in spina bifida patients. These data provide strong evidence for a role of GRHL3 as a predisposing factor to spina bifida and will help dissect the complex etiology and pathogenic mechanisms of these malformations PMID: 28276201
  5. mutations contribute to the risk of nonsyndromic cleft palate only in the African population PMID: 28886269
  6. All of these processes involve epithelial-mesencyhmal transition (EMT), MET or a sequence of both, suggesting that the GRHL factors((GRHL1, GRHL2 and GRHL3), could potentially affect tumor initiation and progression via EMT PMID: 28714958
  7. No association found between two GRHL3 SNPs (rs2486668 and rs545809) and non-syndromic orofacial clefts in the Han Chinese cohort. PMID: 27459192
  8. ey epidermal differentiation transcription factor genes, including GRHL3, are located within super-enhancers, and many of these transcription factors in turn bind to and regulate super-enhancers. PMID: 28445475
  9. GRHL3 expression may be useful as a prognostic factor. PMID: 26797800
  10. Study genotyped 10 tag SNPs covering GRHL3 and performed association analysis with nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate in 504 cases and 455 healthy controls; preliminary results identified rs10903078, rs4638975, and a haplotype rs10903078-rs6659209 of GRHL3 that exceeded the significance threshold (p<0.05), though none survived Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. PMID: 27129939
  11. findings define a major role for Grhl3 in the induction of migration and invasion by the downregulation of E-cadherin in cancer cells PMID: 26837418
  12. We discovered a genome-wide significant association with a missense variant in GRHL3 and replicated the result in an independent sample of case and control subjects. In both samples, rs41268753 conferred increased risk for cleft palate. PMID: 27018472
  13. We identified both rare dominant mutations and a common risk variant in the coding region of GRHL3 as causative in individuals with nonsyndromic cleft palate only. PMID: 27018475
  14. GRHL1, GRHL2, and GRHL3 have roles in cellular proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, and polarity and may promote cancer or be tumor suppressors [review] PMID: 26069269
  15. We defined a novel molecular signature in mammalian HNSCC, suggesting new treatment strategies targeting the GRHL3/GSK3B/c-MYC proto-oncogenic network. PMID: 26063791
  16. our results indicate predominant GRHL3 expression in breast cancers PMID: 24363083
  17. Our data demonstrated that mutations in two genes, IRF6 and GRHL3, can lead to nearly identical phenotypes of orofacial cleft. PMID: 24360809
  18. The splice variant-derived isoforms SOM1 and SOM3 induce opposing effects in primary human endothelial cells and in a whole animal model, most likely through the induction of different target genes. PMID: 23685552
  19. decreased Grhl3 expression contributes to tumor progression and upregulation of the oncomir miR-21 in squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. PMID: 22614019
  20. In human keratinocytes, IRF6 bound conserved elements near the GRHL3 promoter, with one of these elements having enhancer activity. PMID: 22931925
  21. we define a previously unknown role for the transcription factor GRHL3 in the recruitment of a trxG complex to promoters of genes, leading to increased H3K4 methylation and gene expression PMID: 22829784
  22. loss of GRHL3 may result in endothelial dysfunction in vivo. PMID: 21856281
  23. Data report the identification of Sister-of-Mammalian Grainyhead (SOM), which is phylogenetically aligned with grainyhead protein, and like grainyhead encodes a highly conserved developmental transcription factor. [Sister-of-Mammalian Grainyhead] PMID: 12549979
  24. GRHL3 strongly stimulated primary endothelial cell migration, suggesting that it is a putative tumor-angiogenesis factor. PMID: 18814840

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Involvement in disease
Van der Woude syndrome 2 (VWS2)
Subcellular Location
Nucleus.
Protein Families
Grh/CP2 family, Grainyhead subfamily
Tissue Specificity
Expressed in brain, colon, pancreas, placenta and kidney. Isoform 1 is expressed in lung and tonsil. Isoform 2 is prostate-specific.
Database Links

HGNC: 25839

OMIM: 606713

KEGG: hsa:57822

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000288955

UniGene: Hs.657920

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