vpx Antibody

Rare Species
Code CSB-PA325553LA01HLU
Size US$166
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Product Details

Full Product Name
Rabbit anti-Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 subtype A (isolate BEN) (HIV-2) vpx Polyclonal antibody
Uniprot No.
Target Names
vpx
Alternative Names
vpxProtein Vpx antibody; Viral protein X antibody; X ORF protein antibody
Raised in
Rabbit
Species Reactivity
Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 subtype A
Immunogen
Recombinant Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 subtype A Protein Vpx protein (1-113AA)
Immunogen Species
Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 subtype A (isolate BEN) (HIV-2)
Conjugate
Non-conjugated

The vpx Antibody (Product code: CSB-PA325553LA01HLU) is Non-conjugated. For vpx Antibody with conjugates, please check the following table.

Available Conjugates
Conjugate Product Code Product Name Application
HRP CSB-PA325553LB01HLU vpx Antibody, HRP conjugated ELISA
FITC CSB-PA325553LC01HLU vpx Antibody, FITC conjugated
Biotin CSB-PA325553LD01HLU vpx Antibody, Biotin conjugated ELISA
Clonality
Polyclonal
Isotype
IgG
Purification Method
>95%, Protein G purified
Concentration
It differs from different batches. Please contact us to confirm it.
Buffer
Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300
Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4
Form
Liquid
Tested Applications
ELISA
Protocols
Troubleshooting and FAQs
Storage
Upon receipt, store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze.
Lead Time
Basically, we can dispatch the products out in 1-3 working days after receiving your orders. Delivery time maybe differs from different purchasing way or location, please kindly consult your local distributors for specific delivery time.
Usage
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.

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Target Background

Function
Plays a role in nuclear translocation of the viral pre-integration complex (PIC), thus is required for the virus to infect non-dividing cells. Targets specific host proteins for degradation by the 26S proteasome. Acts by associating with the cellular CUL4A-DDB1 E3 ligase complex through direct interaction with host VPRPB/DCAF-1. This change in the E3 ligase substrate specificity results in the degradation of host SAMHD1. In turn, SAMHD1 depletion allows viral replication in host myeloid cells by preventing SAMHD1-mediated hydrolysis of intracellular dNTPs necessary for reverse transcription.
Gene References into Functions
  1. These results indicate that Vpx, in addition to SAMHD1, overcomes a previously unappreciated restriction for lentiviruses at the level of reverse transcription (RT)that acts independently of dNTP concentrations and is specific to resting CD4 T cells. PMID: 28228523
  2. zinc binding appears to mitigate flexibility of the three-helix fold of Vpx, thereby preventing dysfunction. PMID: 28284276
  3. Data indicate that proline residue P109 within the C-terminal poly-proline motif (PPM) of Vpx protein plays a unique role in the regulation of SAM domain and HD domain 1 protein SAMHD1 degradation. PMID: 25936766
  4. HIV-2 Vpr can trigger G2 cell cycle arrest through either CUL4A or CUL4B. PMID: 24719410
  5. Vpx expression results in decreased promoter binding activity of IRF5 PMID: 24532789
  6. Poly-proline motif in Vpx is critical for its efficient expression in cells. PMID: 24114794
  7. Data suggest that, in an evolutionary model of virus-host interactions, binding of Vpx/Vpr with SAMHD1 (and subsequent degradation of SAMHD1 [SAM domain/HD domain-containing protein 1]) exhibits dynamic requirements that have toggled back and forth. PMID: 23874202
  8. the crystal structure of a ternary complex of Vpx with the human E3 ligase substrate adaptor DCAF1 and the carboxy-terminal region of human SAMHD1 PMID: 24336198
  9. direct down-modulation of Vpx catalytic activity, mediated by the same binding event that leads to SAMHD1 recruitment to the E3 ubiquitin ligase for proteasome-dependent degradation PMID: 23677995
  10. Effective immune control of viral replication in HIV-2-infected individuals is not associated with increased Vpx-mediated degradation of SAMHD1. PMID: 23497283
  11. there are several Vpx residues required for SAMHD1 degradation PMID: 23076149
  12. The Vpx lentiviral accessory protein targets human SAMHD1 for degradation in the nucleus. PMID: 22973040
  13. Vpx targets SAMHD1 for degradation in a viral strategy to control cellular deoxynucleotide levels for efficient replication PMID: 22069334
  14. structure and cytopathogenic activity PMID: 16153874
  15. These studies map critical residues of the Vpx nuclear localization signal that are required for efficient infection of non-dividing cells. PMID: 16325220
  16. We found that insertion within the polyproline-containing C-terminus destabilizes nuclear localization, whereas mutating a second helix in the central domain disrupts viral packaging. PMID: 16457868
  17. results indicated that Vpx and Vpr of HIV-2 may cooperatively contribute to virion infectivity without affecting virion morphogenesis PMID: 16953064
  18. The results here clearly demonstrated that the entire Vpx protein is critical for reverse transcription of the HIV-2 genome in human monocyte-derived macrophages. PMID: 18495778
  19. when transferred in the context of a replication-competent viral clone, Vpx was required for replication in dendritic cells PMID: 18829761
  20. Vpx diverts the Cul4A-DDB1(DCAF1) ligase to inactivate an evolutionarily conserved factor, which restricts macrophage infection by HIV-2. PMID: 19264781

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Subcellular Location
Virion. Host nucleus.
Protein Families
Lentivirus VPX protein family
Database Links

KEGG: vg:1724714

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