Product Details

Purity

>85% (SDS-PAGE)

Target Names

TOC159

Uniprot No.

O81283

Alternative Names

TOC159; PPI2; TOC160; TOC86; At4g02510; T10P11.19; T14P8.24; Translocase of chloroplast 159; chloroplastic; AtToc159; EC 3.6.5.-; 159 kDa chloroplast outer envelope protein; Plastid protein import 2; Translocase of chloroplast 160; chloroplastic; AtToc160; Translocase of chloroplast 86; chloroplastic; AtToc86

Species

Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress)

Expression Region

Protein Length

Partial

Tag Info

Tag type will be determined during the manufacturing process.

The tag type will be determined during production process. If you have specified tag type, please tell us and we will develop the specified tag preferentially.

Form

Lyophilized powder
Note: We will preferentially ship the format that we have in stock, however, if you have any special requirement for the format, please remark your requirement when placing the order, we will prepare according to your demand.

Buffer before Lyophilization

Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0

Reconstitution

We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20℃/-80℃. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference.

Troubleshooting and FAQs

Protein FAQs

Storage Condition

Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Shelf Life

The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself.
Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.

Lead Time

Delivery time may differ from different purchasing way or location, please kindly consult your local distributors for specific delivery time.
Note: All of our proteins are default shipped with normal blue ice packs, if you request to ship with dry ice, please communicate with us in advance and extra fees will be charged.

Notes

Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Datasheet

Please contact us to get it.

Target Background

Function

GTPase involved in protein precursor import into chloroplasts. Seems to recognize chloroplast-destined precursor proteins and regulate their presentation to the translocation channel through GTP hydrolysis. Required for chloroplast biogenesis. Probably specialized in the import of nuclear encoded photosynthetic preproteins from the cytoplasm to the chloroplast.

Gene References into Functions

these data suggest that the Toc159 receptor is required in the import of stearoyl-ACP desaturase and MGD1 synthase into the chloroplasts. PMID: 24184455
the contribution of the import receptor Toc159 to the assembly of the chloroplast proteome PMID: 22128122
The Toc159 A-domain participates in preprotein selectivity, has typical features of intrinsically unfolded proteins, is highly phosphorylated and possibly released from the rest of the protein by a proteolytic event. PMID: 21057194
This review discusses TOC33 and TOC159, the major protein components of the translocon at the outer envelope membrane of chloroplasts (TOC) complex. PMID: 21568939
Study show that the overexpression of Toc90 partially complements the albino knockout of Toc159 and restores photoautotrophic growth. PMID: 21220583
The A-domain is not simply degraded but it accumulates as a soluble, phosphorylated protein separated from Toc159. PMID: 20457805
The A-domains of the Toc159 family members are major determinants of distinct pathways for protein import into plastids. PMID: 20562235
Identification of the A-domains will be important for determining their precise function(s), and suggests a role in protein-protein interactions, which may explain how these proteins serve as receptors for such a wide variety of preprotein substrates. PMID: 20042108
Embryo development in the atToc132/159 mutants proceeded slowly and was arrested at the transition to the heart stage. PMID: 16435266
By combining these models with the measured enzymatic properties of the Toc GTPases, we provide new insights of how the chloroplast protein import cycle may be regulated PMID: 17261588
analysis of Toc159- and Toc75-independent import of a transit sequence-less precursor into the inner envelope of chloroplasts PMID: 17636260
the three domains commonly referred to as A, G, and M originate from the GTPase G domain, tandemly repeated, and probably evolving toward an unstructured conformation in the case of the A domain. PMID: 17950698
Phosphorylation disturbs the association of Toc34, but not of Toc159 with the translocation pore proteins. PMID: 18487635
analysis of Arabidopsis Toc33, Toc34, and Toc159-GTPase homodimers PMID: 18541539
Data favor a model in which the atToc159 receptor acts as part of a GTP-regulated switch for preprotein recognition at the TOC translocon. PMID: 18824565
Toc33 and Toc159 form heterodimer in vivo. PMID: 19010773
GTP hydrolysis at atToc159 is not strictly required for preprotein translocation. PMID: 19188370
In this study, multiple hybrid mutants were genereated using the Rubisco small subunit transit peptide (TP) and the E1alpha-subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase TP as representatives mediating import through the Toc159-dependent and -independent pathways. PMID: 19571307
Toc33-R130A mutation reduces homodimerization and affects the interaction of Toc33 with Toc159 during protein import into chloroplasts. PMID: 19744928

Hide All

Subcellular Location

Plastid, chloroplast outer membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. Cytoplasm. Note=Cycles between the cytoplasm and chloroplast, probably as a soluble preprotein receptor. The anchoring to the chloroplast outer membrane required the GTPase activity and GDP, and is dependent of interactions with TOC33 as well as TOC34 and TOC75. May contain beta barrel transmembrane regions.

Protein Families

TRAFAC class TrmE-Era-EngA-EngB-Septin-like GTPase superfamily, AIG1/Toc34/Toc159-like paraseptin GTPase family, TOC159 subfamily

Database Links

KEGG: ath:AT4G02510

STRING: 3702.AT4G02510.1

UniGene: At.24962

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Recombinant Arabidopsis thaliana Translocase of chloroplast 159, chloroplastic (TOC159), partial

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