Product Details

Purity

Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Target Names

ATF2

Uniprot No.

P15336

Research Area

Transcription

Alternative Names

Activating transcription factor 2; Activating transcription factor 2 splice variant ATF2 var2; ATF 2; Atf-2; Atf2; ATF2 protein; ATF2_HUMAN; cAMP Response Element Binding Protein 2; cAMP response element binding protein CRE BP1; cAMP response element-binding protein CRE-BP1; cAMP responsive element binding protein 2; formerly; cAMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2; cAMP-responsive element-binding protein 2; CRE BP1; CRE-BP; CREB 2; CREB-2; CREB2; CREBP1; Cyclic AMP dependent transcription factor ATF 2; Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2; Cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 2; D130078H02Rik; D18875; HB 16; HB16; Histone acetyltransferase ATF2; MGC105211; MGC105222; MGC111558; MGC142504; mXBP; MXBP protein; Tg(Gzma-Klra1)7Wum; TREB 7; TREB7

Species

Homo sapiens (Human)

Source

E.coli

Expression Region

1-505aa

Target Protein Sequence

MKFKLHVNSARQYKDLWNMSDDKPFLCTAPGCGQRFTNEDHLAVHKHKHEMTLKFGPARNDSVIVADQTPTPTRFLKNCEEVGLFNELASPFENEFKKASEDDIKKMPLDLSPLATPIIRSKIEEPSVVETTHQDSPLPHPESTTSDEKEVPLAQTAQPTSAIVRPASLQVPNVLLTSSDSSVIIQQAVPSPTSSTVITQAPSSNRPIVPVPGPFPLLLHLPNGQTMPVAIPASITSSNVHVPAAVPLVRPVTMVPSVPGIPGPSSPQPVQSEAKMRLKAALTQQHPPVTNGDTVKGHGSGLVRTQSEESRPQSLQQPATSTTETPASPAHTTPQTQSTSGRRRRAANEDPDEKRRKFLERNRAAASRCRQKRKVWVQSLEKKAEDLSSLNGQLQSEVTLLRNEVAQLKQLLLAHKDCPVTAMQKKSGYHTADKDDSSEDISVPSSPHTEAIQHSSVSTSNGVSSTSKAEAVATSVLTQMADQSTEPALSQIVMAPSSQSQPSGS
Note: The complete sequence may include tag sequence, target protein sequence, linker sequence and extra sequence that is translated with the protein sequence for the purpose(s) of secretion, stability, solubility, etc.
If the exact amino acid sequence of this recombinant protein is critical to your application, please explicitly request the full and complete sequence of this protein before ordering.

Mol. Weight

70.5kDa

Protein Length

Full Length

Tag Info

N-terminal 6xHis-SUMO-tagged

Form

Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Note: We will preferentially ship the format that we have in stock, however, if you have any special requirement for the format, please remark your requirement when placing the order, we will prepare according to your demand.

Buffer

If the delivery form is liquid, the default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol.
Note: If you have any special requirement for the glycerol content, please remark when you place the order.
If the delivery form is lyophilized powder, the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose.

Reconstitution

We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference.

Troubleshooting and FAQs

Protein FAQs

Storage Condition

Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Shelf Life

The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself.
Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.

Lead Time

Delivery time may differ from different purchasing way or location, please kindly consult your local distributors for specific delivery time.

Notes

Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Datasheet & COA

Please contact us to get it.

Description

A cDNA sequence coding for full-length human cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF2 was inserted a 6xHis-SUMO-tag at the N-terminus and then expressed in E.coli. The resulting protein consists of 1-505aa of human ATF2 and has a calculated molecular weight of 70.5 kDa. Its purity is over 90% determined by SDS-PAGE. Under reducing conditions, the gel presented a molecular mass band of about 73 kDa. Glycosylation contributes to the slightly higher molecular mass. This recombinant ATF2 protein may be used for specific antibody production or in the studies of ATF2-related transcription.

Activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) is a member of the activating protein-1 (AP1) transcription factor family that regulates gene expression through homo- or hetero-dimerization with other AP1 transcription factors. ATF2 is also a vital mediator of mammalian cell responses to various stimuli, including stress. Alteration of ATF2 expression and localization has also been associated with the pathology, progression, and chemoresistance of extramammary Paget's disease, as well as in prostate and head and neck squamous cancers.

Related Products

Target Background

Function

Transcriptional activator which regulates the transcription of various genes, including those involved in anti-apoptosis, cell growth, and DNA damage response. Dependent on its binding partner, binds to CRE (cAMP response element) consensus sequences (5'-TGACGTCA-3') or to AP-1 (activator protein 1) consensus sequences (5'-TGACTCA-3'). In the nucleus, contributes to global transcription and the DNA damage response, in addition to specific transcriptional activities that are related to cell development, proliferation and death. In the cytoplasm, interacts with and perturbs HK1- and VDAC1-containing complexes at the mitochondrial outer membrane, thereby impairing mitochondrial membrane potential, inducing mitochondrial leakage and promoting cell death. The phosphorylated form (mediated by ATM) plays a role in the DNA damage response and is involved in the ionizing radiation (IR)-induced S phase checkpoint control and in the recruitment of the MRN complex into the IR-induced foci (IRIF). Exhibits histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity which specifically acetylates histones H2B and H4 in vitro. In concert with CUL3 and RBX1, promotes the degradation of KAT5 thereby attenuating its ability to acetylate and activate ATM. Can elicit oncogenic or tumor suppressor activities depending on the tissue or cell type.

Gene References into Functions

Our study found that miR-451 regulates the drug resistance of renal cell carcinoma by targeting ATF-2 PMID: 28429654
deregulation of the miR-144-5p/ATF2 axis plays an important role in non-small-cell lung cancer cell radiosensitivity. PMID: 29850528
p38alpha and ATF2 expression play a crucial role in the malignant phenotypes of ovarian tumor cells and are a markers of poor prognosis in patients with ovarian serous adenocarcinomas. PMID: 28916425
activation of JNK was found to be dependent on muscarinic acid receptor induced Ca(2+)/CAMKII as well as ROS. JNK dependent phosphorylation of ATF2/c-Jun transcription factors resulted in TGF-beta transcription and its signaling. PMID: 27708346
ATF2 regulated by miR-204 might also play an important role in the regulation of malignant behavior of glioblastoma. PMID: 27588402
We further demonstrated the suppressive function of lncRNA#32 in hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection. lncRNA#32 bound to activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) and regulated ISG expression. Our results reveal a role for lncRNA#32 in host antiviral responses. PMID: 27582466
Results show that ATF2 is highly expressed in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tissues and promotes RCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. The study suggests that ATF2 exerts an oncogenic role in RCC. PMID: 27377902
These findings point to an oncogenic function for ATF2 in melanoma development that appears to be independent of its transcriptional activity. PMID: 27210757
this study demonstrates that CPEB2 alternative splicing is a major regulator of key cellular pathways linked to anoikis resistance and metastasis. PMID: 28904175
Noxin facilitated the expression of Cyclin D1 and Cyclin E1 through activating P38-activating transcription factor 2 signaling pathway, thus enhanced cell growth of breast cancer PMID: 28618963
these observations suggest that CD99 is involved in the regulation of CD1a transcription and expression by increasing ATF-2. PMID: 27094031
This review provides an overview of the currently known upstream regulators and downstream targets of ATF2. [review] PMID: 28212892
TNF induces the binding of ATF2 to the TNF-responsive element. PMID: 27821620
miR-204 may act as a tumor suppressor by directly targeting ATF2 in non-small cell lung cancer PMID: 26935060
the variant alleles of TSG101 rs2292179 and ATF2 rs3845744 were associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer, particularly for subjects with BMI <24 (kg/m(2)) and postmenopausal women, respectively PMID: 26729199
Results reveal that mitochondrial ATF2 is associated with the induction of apoptosis and BRAF inhibitor resistance through Bim activation. PMID: 26462148
Neisseria meningitidis caused a high level of E-selectin expression elicited by the activity of phosphorylated ATF2 transcription factor on the E-selectin promoter. PMID: 26153406
increased expression of the gene encoding PKCepsilon and abundance of phosphorylated, transcriptionally active ATF2 were observed in advanced-stage melanomas and correlated with decreased FUK expression PMID: 26645581
CARMA1- and MyD88-dependent activation of Jun/ATF-type AP-1 complexes is a hallmark of ABC diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. PMID: 26747248
More terminally differentiated human odontoblasts was ATF-2 positive, as compared to pulpal fibroblasts at various stages of differentiation: ATF-2 is more associated with cell survival rather than cell proliferation. PMID: 25417007
Study identified a potential target of miR-451, ATF2, and revealed a novel role of miR-451 in the inhibition of the migratory ability of hepatoma cell lines. PMID: 24968707
ATF-2 knockdown blocked VEGF-A-stimulated VCAM-1 expression and endothelial-leukocyte interactions. ATF-2 was also required for other endothelial cell outputs, such as cell migration and tubulogenesis. PMID: 24966171
Study demonstrates the role of miR-622 in suppressing glioma invasion and migration mediated by ATF2, and shows that miR-622 expression inversely correlates with ATF2 in glioma patients PMID: 25258251
suppression of tumorigenesis by JNK requires ATF2. PMID: 25456131
study revealed that, autocrine soluble factors regulate dual but differential role of ATF-2 as a transcription factor or DNA repair protein, which collectively culminate in radioresistance of A549 cells. PMID: 25041846
While expression of ATF-2 is not associated with outcome. PMID: 25141981
The expression of ATF2 in chondrocytes is involved in apoptosis in Kashin-Beck disease. PMID: 23866832
in human HCC tissues, SPTBN1 expression correlated negatively with expression levels of STAT3, ATF3, and CREB2; SMAD3 expression correlated negatively with STAT3 expression PMID: 25096061
zymosan-induced il23a mRNA expression is best explained through coordinated kappaB- and ATF2-dependent transcription; and (iii) il23a expression relies on complementary phosphorylation of ATF2 on Thr-69 and Thr-71 dependent on PKC and MAPK activities. PMID: 24982422
Data show that salvianolic acid B protects endothelial progenitor cells against oxidative stress by modulating Akt/mTOR/4EBP1, p38 MAPK/ATF2, and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. PMID: 24780446
There is synergism between developmental stage-specific recruitments of the ATF2 protein complex and expression of gamma-globin during erythropoiesis. PMID: 24223142
An association between ATF2 polymorphisms and heavy alcohol consumption is only weakly supported. PMID: 24338393
ATF2 knockdown revealed ATF2-triggered p21(WAF1) protein expression, suggesting p21(WAF1) transactivation through ATF2. PMID: 23800081
results therefore suggest that c-MYC induces stress-mediated activation of ATF2 and ATF7 and that these transcription factors regulate apoptosis in response to oncogenic transformation of B cells PMID: 23416976
we establish that ATF2 family members physically and functionally interact with TCF1/LEF1 factors to promote target gene expression and hematopoietic tumor cell growth PMID: 23966864
Cytoplasmic ATF2 expression was less frequently seen than nuclear expression in malignant mesenchymal tumors. Benign mesenchymal tumors mostly showed much lower nuclear and cytoplasmic ATF2 expression. PMID: 24289970
Data indicate that small molecules that block the oncogenic addiction to PKCepsilon signaling by promoting ATF2 nuclear export, resulting in mitochondrial membrane leakage and melanoma cell death. PMID: 23589174
Increasing of ATF2 expression is mediated via oxidative stress induced by arsenic in SV-HUC-1 cells, and MAPK pathways are involved. PMID: 23591579
these studies show that the IL-1beta-induced increase in intestinal tight junction permeability was regulated by p38 kinase activation of ATF-2 and by ATF-2 regulation of MLCK gene activity PMID: 23656735
Phosphorylation of ATF2 by PKCepsilon is the master switch that controls its subcellular localization and function. PMID: 22685333
ATF2-Jun heterodimers bind IFNb in both orientations alone and in association with IRF3 and HMGI PMID: 22843696
we report the kinetic mechanism for JNK1beta1 with transcription factors ATF2 and c-Jun along with interaction kinetics for these substrates. PMID: 22351776
ATF2 subcellular localization is probably modulated by multiple mechanisms PMID: 22275354
Data concluded that IR-induced up-regulation of ATF2 was coordinately enhanced by suppression of miR-26b in lung cancer cells, which may enhance the effect of IR in the MAPK signaling pathway. PMID: 21901137
The ability of ATF2 to reach the mitochondria is determined by PKCepsilon, which directs ATF2 nuclear localization. Genotoxic stress attenuates PKCepsilon effect on ATF2; enables ATF2 nuclear export and localization at the mitochondria. PMID: 22304920
Data show that ATF7-4 is an important cytoplasmic negative regulator of ATF7 and ATF2 transcription factors. PMID: 21858082
Our data suggest regulatory roles for ATF2 in TNF-related mechanisms of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Its perturbation and nuclear activation are associated with significant effects on survival and cytokine production. PMID: 21990224
Data suggest that competition between GSTpi and active JNK for the substrate ATF2 may be responsible for the inhibition of JNK catalysis by GSTpi. PMID: 21384452
ATF2 interacts with beta-cell-enriched transcription factors, MafA, Pdx1, and beta2, and activates insulin gene transcription. PMID: 21278380
MITF is downregulated by ATF2 in the skin of Atf2-/- mice, in primary human melanocytes, and in melanoma cell lines. PMID: 21203491

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Subcellular Location

Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Mitochondrion outer membrane. Note=Shuttles between the cytoplasm and the nucleus and heterodimerization with JUN is essential for the nuclear localization. Localization to the cytoplasm is observed under conditions of cellular stress and in disease states. Localizes at the mitochondrial outer membrane in response to genotoxic stress. Phosphorylation at Thr-52 is required for its nuclear localization and negatively regulates its mitochondrial localization. Co-localizes with the MRN complex in the IR-induced foci (IRIF).

Protein Families

BZIP family, ATF subfamily

Tissue Specificity

Ubiquitously expressed, with more abundant expression in the brain.

Database Links

HGNC: 784

OMIM: 123811

KEGG: hsa:1386

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000264110

UniGene: Hs.592510

Code	CSB-EP002270HU
Abbreviation	Recombinant Human ATF2 protein
MSDS	MSDS Datasheet
Size	$224
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Image	(Tris-Glycine gel) Discontinuous SDS-PAGE (reduced) with 5% enrichment gel and 15% separation gel.
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Recombinant Human Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 (ATF2)

Product Details

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Target Background

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