Recombinant Human Glutathione reductase, mitochondrial (GSR)

Code CSB-YP009968HU
MSDS
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Source Yeast
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Code CSB-EP009968HU
MSDS
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Source E.coli
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Code CSB-EP009968HU-B
MSDS
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Source E.coli
Conjugate Avi-tag Biotinylated
E. coli biotin ligase (BirA) is highly specific in covalently attaching biotin to the 15 amino acid AviTag peptide. This recombinant protein was biotinylated in vivo by AviTag-BirA technology, which method is BriA catalyzes amide linkage between the biotin and the specific lysine of the AviTag.
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Code CSB-BP009968HU
MSDS
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Source Baculovirus
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Code CSB-MP009968HU
MSDS
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Source Mammalian cell
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Product Details

Purity
>85% (SDS-PAGE)
Target Names
GSR
Uniprot No.
Alternative Names
GLR1; GLUR; Glutathione reductase; Glutathione reductase mitochondrial; Glutathione reductase; mitochondrial; GR; Gr1; GRase; GRD 1; GRD1; GSHR_HUMAN; GSR; MGC78522
Species
Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression Region
44-522
Target Protein Sequence
MACRQEP QPQGPPPAAG AVASYDYLVI GGGSGGLASA RRAAELGARA AVVESHKLGG TCVNVGCVPK KVMWNTAVHS EFMHDHADYG FPSCEGKFNW RVIKEKRDAY VSRLNAIYQN NLTKSHIEII RGHAAFTSDP KPTIEVSGKK YTAPHILIAT GGMPSTPHES QIPGASLGIT SDGFFQLEEL PGRSVIVGAG YIAVEMAGIL SALGSKTSLM IRHDKVLRSF DSMISTNCTE ELENAGVEVL KFSQVKEVKK TLSGLEVSMV TAVPGRLPVM TMIPDVDCLL WAIGRVPNTK DLSLNKLGIQ TDDKGHIIVD EFQNTNVKGI YAVGDVCGKA LLTPVAIAAG RKLAHRLFEY KEDSKLDYNN IPTVVFSHPP IGTVGLTEDE AIHKYGIENV KTYSTSFTPM YHAVTKRKTK CVMKMVCANK EEKVVGIHMQ GLGCDEMLQG FAVAVKMGAT KADFDNTVAI HPTSSEELVT LR
Protein Length
Full Length of Mature Protein
Tag Info
Tag type will be determined during the manufacturing process.
The tag type will be determined during production process. If you have specified tag type, please tell us and we will develop the specified tag preferentially.
Form
Lyophilized powder
Note: We will preferentially ship the format that we have in stock, however, if you have any special requirement for the format, please remark your requirement when placing the order, we will prepare according to your demand.
Buffer before Lyophilization
Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0
Reconstitution
We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20℃/-80℃. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference.
Troubleshooting and FAQs
Storage Condition
Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Shelf Life
The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself.
Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Lead Time
Delivery time may differ from different purchasing way or location, please kindly consult your local distributors for specific delivery time.
Note: All of our proteins are default shipped with normal blue ice packs, if you request to ship with dry ice, please communicate with us in advance and extra fees will be charged.
Notes
Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.
Datasheet
Please contact us to get it.

Customer Reviews and Q&A

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Target Background

Function
Maintains high levels of reduced glutathione in the cytosol.
Gene References into Functions
  1. It has been shown that acute aerobic exercise activates Nrf2 in young men, irrespective of training intensity, but that high-intensity exercise demonstrated a greater effect on increasing glutathione reductase activity which could indicate improved redox potential. PMID: 28693341
  2. GSR expression was higher in TMZ-resistant cells than in sensitive cells. GSR silencing in drug-resistant cells improved the sensitivity of cells to TMZ or cisplatin. Over-expression resulted in resistance. GSR partially prevented the oxidative stress caused by L-buthionine -sulfoximine. The action of GSR in drug resistance is associated with the modulation of redox homeostasis. High GSR correlated with lower survival. PMID: 29105080
  3. Plasma glutathione reductase (GR) activity was correlated with erythrocyte GR activity and the erythrocyte reduced glutathione/glutathione disulfide ratio. A decrease in plasma GR activity was associated with an increase in mortality in septic shock. PMID: 26316444
  4. Glutathione reductase reduces mitochondrial protein mitoNEET [2Fe-2S] clusters. PMID: 25645953
  5. The recurrence of benign tumors of mammary gland occurred predominantly in women-carriers of mutant alleles with polymorphism rs8190924 of gene GSR and AA rs3763511of gene DKK4. PMID: 26419038
  6. GSR was the most significant single SNP association with systemic lupus erythematosus in African Americans. PMID: 23637325
  7. The results demonstrate for the first time that glutathione reductase gene polymorphisms are significantly associated with bone mineral density. PMID: 22089180
  8. Up-regulation of CAT and GR activity resulted in an increase in total antioxidant activity in A549 after exposure to B(a)P. PMID: 21417634
  9. Human eye lenses were dissected into discrete regions that were formed at different stages of life and assayed for activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and a particularly stable enzyme, glutathione reductase (GR). PMID: 20586645
  10. novel glutathione reductase alternative splice variants PMID: 20628807
  11. GR deficiency and drug-induced GR inhibition may protect from malaria by inducing enhanced ring stage phagocytosis rather than by impairing parasite growth directly [case study] PMID: 19806191
  12. Malignant lung tumors (squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma) had increased activity of this enzyme. PMID: 12447480
  13. activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were decreased during intense physical exercise PMID: 12516882
  14. An oxidative stress marker after kidney transplantation PMID: 12826156
  15. Patients with chronic alcoholism (PCA) of stage II have increased glutathione reductase (GR) activity in neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes compared with that in the cells of healthy donors PMID: 12838767
  16. GR activity in COPD and chest osteomyelitis decreased by 40% and more, lung tumors--by 32-36%. PMID: 12838770
  17. serum concentrations in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia PMID: 14637279
  18. Decreased activities of erythrocyte glutathione reductase is associated with cerebral palsy PMID: 15978628
  19. Data show that both glutathione and glutathione reductase are inducible by D3T, and that upregulation of GSH biosynthesis underlies D3T-mediated cytoprotection against ROS/RNS-elicited injury to human vascular smooth muscle cells. PMID: 17206382
  20. Inhibitory effects of several antibiotics on purified human erythrocyte glutathione reductase has been investigated. PMID: 18341267
  21. Data report synchrotron-based cryocrystallographic studies of natural substrate complexes of the flavoenzyme human glutathione reductase at nominal resolutions between 1.1 and 0.95 A that reveal new aspects of its mechanism. PMID: 18638483
  22. higher glutathione reductase and total antioxidant capacity were found in end-stage renal disease patients than in controls PMID: 19377255

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Subcellular Location
[Isoform Mitochondrial]: Mitochondrion.; [Isoform Cytoplasmic]: Cytoplasm.
Protein Families
Class-I pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family
Database Links

HGNC: 4623

OMIM: 138300

KEGG: hsa:2936

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000221130

UniGene: Hs.271510

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