Product Details

Endotoxin

Less than 1.0 EU/ug as determined by LAL method.

Activity

Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Immobilized Human CCR5 at 10 μg/mL can bind Anti-CCR5 recombinant antibody (CSB-RA004844MA1HU). The EC50 is 1.099-1.287 ng/mL. The VLPs (CSB-MP3838) is negative control.

Target Names

CCR5-VLPs

Uniprot No.

P51681

Alternative Names

C-C CKR-5; CC-CKR-5; CCR-5; CCR5; CHEMR13; HIV-1 fusion coreceptor; CD antigen CD195

Species

Homo sapiens (Human)

Source

Mammalian cell

Expression Region

1-352aa

Target Protein Sequence

MDYQVSSPIYDINYYTSEPCQKINVKQIAARLLPPLYSLVFIFGFVGNMLVILILINCKRLKSMTDIYLLNLAISDLFFLLTVPFWAHYAAAQWDFGNTMCQLLTGLYFIGFFSGIFFIILLTIDRYLAVVHAVFALKARTVTFGVVTSVITWVVAVFASLPGIIFTRSQKEGLHYTCSSHFPYSQYQFWKNFQTLKIVILGLVLPLLVMVICYSGILKTLLRCRNEKKRHRAVRLIFTIMIVYFLFWAPYNIVLLLNTFQEFFGLNNCSSSNRLDQAMQVTETLGMTHCCINPIIYAFVGEKFRNYLLVFFQKHIAKRFCKCCSIFQQEAPERASSVYTRSTGEQEISVGL

Mol. Weight

42.3 kDa

Protein Length

Full Length

Tag Info

C-terminal 10xHis-tagged(This tag can be tested only under denaturing conditions)

Form

Lyophilized powder
Note: We will default ship it in lyophilized form with normal bule ice packs. However, if you request to ship in liquid form, it needs to be shipped with dry ice, please communicate with us in advance and extra fees for dry ice and dry ice box will be charged.

Buffer

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered PBS, 6% Trehalose, pH 7.4

Reconstitution

We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20℃/-80℃. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference.

Troubleshooting and FAQs

Protein FAQs

Storage Condition

Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Shelf Life

The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself.
Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.

Lead Time

Basically, we can dispatch the products out in 3-7 working days after receiving your orders. Delivery time may differ from different purchasing way or location, please kindly consult your local distributors for specific delivery time.

Notes

Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4℃ for up to one week.

Datasheet & COA

Please contact us to get it.

Description

The recombinant human CCR5 protein is produced through virus-like particles (VLPs) technology. The CCR5 gene segment encoding amino acids 1-352 of the human CCR5 protein is cloned into a lentiviral vector incorporating a C-terminal 10xHis-tag. HEK293 cells are transfected with the recombinant lentiviral vector, and a selective antibiotic is added to identify successfully transfected cells. After successfully expressing the CCR5 protein, the cells are transfected with the viral capsid proteins required to express VLPs, which self-assemble into VLPs in the cells. When the cell culture reaches a certain density and expresses enough VLPs, the cells are lysed by ultrasonic treatment or chemical reagents to release the VLPs, which are separated through sucrose or other density gradient-mediated ultracentrifugation. The recombinant CCR5 proteins (VLPs) are further purified through affinity chromatography from the supernatant.
Their endotoxin levels are less than 1.0 EU/μg as measured by the LAL method. Functional ELISA confirms this recombinant CCR5 protein binds the CCR5 recombinant antibody (CSB-RA004844MA1HU), with an EC₅₀ between 1.099 and 1.287 ng/mL.

Human CCR5 is a crucial chemokine receptor that plays a significant role in the immune system and is notably recognized for its involvement as a co-receptor for the entry of HIV-1 into host cells. CCR5 mainly mediates the migration of immune cells to sites of inflammation by binding to its ligands, such as CCL5 (RANTES), CCL3 (MIP-1α), and CCL4 (MIP-1β) [3][4]. This receptor is predominantly expressed on T cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells, which are essential components of the immune response [3]. The interaction between CCR5 and HIV-1 is particularly significant; the virus utilizes CCR5, along with CD4, to gain entry into host cells, which is a critical step in the pathogenesis of HIV infection [5].

Research has shown that variations in CCR5 expression can influence immune responses and disease susceptibility. The CCR5Δ32 mutation results in a nonfunctional receptor that is unable to reach the cell surface, providing homozygous individuals with a high level of resistance to HIV infection [1][2]. Individuals with the CCR5Δ32 allele exhibit altered immune responses, which can lead to increased susceptibility to certain infections, such as influenza [6][7]. Additionally, CCR5 has been implicated in cancer, where its expression levels can affect tumor progression and metastasis [8][9]. Studies have demonstrated that CCR5 antagonists, such as maraviroc, can inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells and modulate immune responses, highlighting the receptor's multifaceted role in both infectious diseases and cancer [3][9].

Furthermore, CCR5's involvement extends to autoimmune diseases, where polymorphisms in the CCR5 gene have been associated with conditions like systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis [10][11]. The receptor's signaling pathways are critical for T cell activation and cytokine production [12]. Thus, CCR5 is a vital component in the immune system and the pathology of various diseases, making it a significant target for therapeutic interventions.

References:
[1] J. Ellwanger, B. Kulmann-Leal, V. Kaminski, A. Rodrigues, & M. Bragatte. Beyond hiv infection: neglected and varied impacts of ccr5 and ccr5δ32 on viral diseases, Virus Research, vol. 286, p. 198040, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198040
[2] P. Spagnolo, E. Renzoni, A. Wells, S. Copley, S. Desai, H. Sato, et al. C-c chemokine receptor 5 gene variants in relation to lung disease in sarcoidosis, American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, vol. 172, no. 6, p. 721-728, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.200412-1707oc
[3] S. Woollard and G. Kanmogne. Maraviroc: a review of its use in hiv infection and beyond, Drug Design Development and Therapy, p. 5447, 2015. https://doi.org/10.2147/dddt.s90580
[4] A. Amara, A. Vidy, G. Boulla, K. Mollier, J. García-Pérez, J. Alcamí, et al. G protein-dependent ccr5 signaling is not required for efficient infection of primary t lymphocytes and macrophages by r5 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates, Journal of Virology, vol. 77, no. 4, p. 2550-2558, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.77.4.2550-2558.2003
[5] J. Nahabedian, A. Sharma, M. Kaczmarek, G. Wilkerson, S. Sawyer, & J. Overbaugh. Owl monkey ccr5 reveals synergism between cd4 and ccr5 in hiv-1 entry, Virology, vol. 512, p. 180-186, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2017.09.018
[6] F. Tsamis, S. Gavrilov, F. Kajumo, C. Seibert, S. Kuhmann, T. Ketas, et al. Analysis of the mechanism by which the small-molecule ccr5 antagonists sch-351125 and sch-350581 inhibit human immunodeficiency virus type 1 entry, Journal of Virology, vol. 77, no. 9, p. 5201-5208, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.77.9.5201-5208.2003
[7] A. Martín-Leal, R. Blanco, J. Casas, M. Sáez, E. Rodríguez-Bovolenta, I. Rojas, et al. ccr5 deficiency impairs cd4+ t‐cell memory responses and antigenic sensitivity through increased ceramide synthesis, The Embo Journal, vol. 39, no. 15, 2020. https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.2020104749
[8] M. Rossol, M. Pierer, S. Arnold, G. Keyßer, H. Burkhardt, C. Baerwald, et al. Negative association of the chemokine receptor ccr5 d32 polymorphism with systemic inflammatory response, extra-articular symptoms and joint erosion in rheumatoid arthritis, Arthritis Research & Therapy, vol. 11, no. 3, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1186/ar2733
[9] X. Jiao, M. Velasco-Velázquez, M. Wang, Z. Li, H. Rui, A. Peck, et al. Ccr5 governs dna damage repair and breast cancer stem cell expansion, Cancer Research, vol. 78, no. 7, p. 1657-1671, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-0915
[10] M. Velasco-Velázquez, X. Jiao, M. Fuente, T. Pestell, A. Ertel, M. Lisanti, et al. Ccr5 antagonist blocks metastasis of basal breast cancer cells, Cancer Research, vol. 72, no. 15, p. 3839-3850, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.can-11-3917
[11] T. Baltus, A. Kallaur, M. Lozovoy, H. Morimoto, F. Delongui, D. Alfieri, et al. Ccr5δ32 (rs333) polymorphism is associated with the susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus in female brazilian patients, Rheumatology International, vol. 36, no. 1, p. 7-15, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00296-015-3308-z
[12] E. Rzeszotarska, A. Sowińska, B. Stypińska, E. Walczuk, A. Wajda, A. Lutkowska, et al. The role of mecp2 and ccr5 polymorphisms on the development and course of systemic lupus erythematosus, Biomolecules, vol. 10, no. 3, p. 494, 2020. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10030494

Target Background

Function

Receptor for a number of inflammatory CC-chemokines including CCL3/MIP-1-alpha, CCL4/MIP-1-beta and RANTES and subsequently transduces a signal by increasing the intracellular calcium ion level. May play a role in the control of granulocytic lineage proliferation or differentiation. Participates in T-lymphocyte migration to the infection site by acting as a chemotactic receptor.; (Microbial infection) Acts as a coreceptor (CD4 being the primary receptor) of human immunodeficiency virus-1/HIV-1.

Gene References into Functions

Conditioned media or microparticles released from obese omental adipose tissue increased CD16 and CCR5 expression on CD14(+)CD16(-) monocytes and augmented their migratory capacity towards the conditioned media from obese omental adipose tissue, itself. PMID: 27677832
The block of the protein kinases phosphorylation mediated by staurosporine treatment abrogates the capture of the chemokine receptor CCR5 (CCR5) signalosome into the early endosomes. This suggests the relevant role of phosphorylation events to form steady receptor-beta-arrestin2 complexes, mediated by an ubiquitination of beta-arrestin2 and a durable phosphorylation of ERK1, which are concentrated into the early endoso... PMID: 29283386
data suggests that the exposure of myeloid cells to Meth in the context of presence of HIV peptides such as Tat, may affect the number of HIV targets by modulating CCR5 expression, through a combination of DA-dependent and-independent mechanisms. PMID: 29944719
We use CPRC prostate cancer model and demonstrate that endothelial cells secrete large amount of CCL5 and induces autophagy by suppressing AR expression in prostate cancer cell lines. Consequently, elevated autophagy accelerates focal adhesions proteins disassembly and promoted prostate cancer invasion. Inhibition of both CCL5/CCR5 signaling and autophagy significantly reduces metastasis in vivo PMID: 30200999
Data provides evidence that CCR5 has an essential role in bone-destructive conditions through the functional regulation of osteoclasts. PMID: 29263385
A critical role for CCR5 in recruitment and activation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in melanoma microenvironment. PMID: 29089297
these findings emphasize the potential involvement of CCR5 signaling in central nervous system inflammation and damage in multiple sclerosis PMID: 29729320
As patients with and without CCR5Delta32 mutations were similar in terms of histological activity (p = 0.84) and fibrosis stage (p = 0.20) as well as CCR5 tissue expression, the authors reasonably exclude that this CCR5 mutation is significantly involved in the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis C. PMID: 29664712
This study demonstrates that, CCR5 promoter polymorphisms correlate with CD4 T cell loss possibly by regulating CD4 T cell apoptosis in HIV patients. PMID: 28331180
Results suggest that monocytes from Crohn's disease patients in remission produced high levels of CSF-1 that upregulate CCR5 expression. Consequently, monocytes differentiated in these conditions had a characteristic phenotype and lower production of inflammatory cytokines. PMID: 28273887
The findings provide genetic and epidemiological evidence for an association of UGT1A and CCR5 polymorphisms with hepatitis B virus infection in Chinese Yi and Yao populations. PMID: 29239247
Authors also demonstrated that Treg migration to the tumor microenvironment is mediated by CCR5, and these cells are promoting tumor growth via inhibition of antitumor cells such as cytotoxic CD8(+) T cells. PMID: 28904130
These data indicate that cardiac surgery influences the expression of CD162, CD166 and CD195 and that the intensity of the immune system response, displayed as the change in the CD162, CD166, CD195 expression, varies, depending on the surgical technique used. PMID: 27625334
the interaction between CCR5 and its ligands promotes the proliferation of CCR5(+) polymorphonuclear-myeloid-derived suppressor cells at the bone marrow PMID: 29166611
CCR5Delta32 allele is not associated with susceptibility to HIV-1 infection in Iranian population. PMID: 29209099
engineered CCR5Delta32/Delta32 mutations endowed CD4+ U87 cells with resistance against HIV1 infection; this sitespecific, sizecontrolled and homozygous DNA deletion technique was able to induce precise genomic editing PMID: 29115572
KLF5-regulating cancer-associated fibroblasts affect gastric cancer cells progression by CCL5 secretion and activation of CCR5. PMID: 28934010
CCR5Delta32 mutation is not associated with acute graft-versus-host disease. PMID: 28862353
CCR5 is involved but also to generate new antidody-based therapeutics. PMID: 28008933
These results confirm the protective role of CCR5Delta32, and extend it to the long-term survival in a large cohort of HIV-infected patients. Beyond its antiviral effect, CCR5Delta32 enhanced the long-term survival of patients on cART. PMID: 29221798
This study showed that individuals with the CCR5/CCR5 genotype and simultaneously the CCR5-59029 AA or AG genotypes have a greater risk of developing ocular toxoplasmosis, which may be associated with a strong and persistent inflammatory response in ocular tissue. PMID: 29221851
the protective CCR5-Delta32 allele appears to be rarely present in Saudi Arabia. PMID: 28731615
these data highlight the important role of CCR5 in the onset of acute coronary syndrome and suggest this receptor as a marker of cardiovascular risk PMID: 28276569
we observed an overall protective effect associated to the presence of the CCR5Delta32 allele against RA susceptibility that was evidenced in cities with a lower African genetic component. Our results highlight the importance of assessing the influence of CCR5 under different genetic backgrounds. PMID: 28082621
results suggest that the CCR5 gene and its product might play a role in the pathogenesis of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever infection PMID: 28547880
the interplay between chemokine receptor CCR5 expression, cancer stem cells, and hypoxia PMID: 28693495
genetic association studies in population in Poland: Data suggest that CCR5-delta32 gene polymorphism is associated with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and increases risk of celiac disease and autoimmune thyroid disorders in patients with T1D; risk of celiac disease or autoimmune thyroiditis in carriers of 32-bp deletion is more than threefold higher than for non-carriers. PMID: 27894748
differential distribution of the viral reservoir compartment in CCR5((WT/Delta32)) patients with perinatal HIV infection PMID: 28042001
The donor CCR5 -2086A/A genotype was associated with a lower incidence of grades 3-4 acute GVHD, which did not improve the survival outcomes. These findings suggest that the recipient CCR5 -2086A/A genotype affects the induction of the graft-versus-tumor effect without augmenting the development of GVHD. PMID: 28487238
searched for the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphism in the promoter region of the CD209, IL-10, IL-28 and 32 base pair deletion in CCR5 coding region (Delta 32) with the human predisposition to development of various clinical presentations of tick-borne encephalitis PMID: 28894041
Deficiency of CCR5 exacerbates alcoholic fatty liver disease by hepatic inflammation induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines and oxidative stress. PMID: 27859576
rs1800024 polymorphism significantly associated with occurrence risk of psoriasis vulgaris in Chinese population PMID: 29145242
CCR5-tropic HIV infection is limited to more differentiated progenitor cells with life spans that are less well understood. PMID: 28732051
Data provide evidence that CCR5 activation mediates CCL5 enhances the proliferation and the invasive capacity of human breast cancer cell lines. PMID: 27335323
CCR5-Delta32 polymorphism is associated with type 1 diabetes. PMID: 27619405
CCR52 genetic variants were not associated with risk of atherosclerotic coronary heart disease and glucometabolic traits PMID: 27013693
No sickle cell disease patients presented CCR5Delta32 deletion. PMID: 28671257
this review discusses the role of CCR5 in recruitment and activation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in melanoma PMID: 28382399
CCR5 is highly expressed in active inflammatory bowel disease, and it has positive correlation with lymphocyte grade and negative correlation with expression of beta-arrestin2. PMID: 28140695
this study shows that the dominant signature of resistance to HIV infection in this cohort of exposed but uninfected individuals was lower T-cell CCR5 expression PMID: 28398593
the level of IFNAR1, IFNAR2, and CCR5 mRNA expression was found to be significantly lower in the responders than nonresponders.Our results highlighted the significance of IFNAR and CCR5 genes in multiple sclerosis risk and the response to IFN-b therapy. PMID: 27346865
Env regions that respond to CCR5 binding was located in the gp120 alpha1 helix and in the gp41 HR1 heptad repeat and membrane-proximal external region. PMID: 28521215
A frameshift mutation in CCR5 was associated, but not significantly, with sporadic inclusion body myositis. PMID: 28086002
study revealed that while HIV-1 gp120 and Staph aureus LukED both target CCR5, they bind to different regions of the receptor, highlighting the divergence of the pathogens PMID: 27965453
Genetic variation of CCR5 gene demonstrates a possible association with hypertension, diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis comorbidity in patient treated with hemodialysis. PMID: 27118566
Findings indicate the importance of chemokine (CC motif) ligand 5 (CCL5) genetic variability and CCL5-CCR5 (CC chemokine receptor 5) axis on the susceptibility to HCV. PMID: 27304910
The transferred nuclear Overhauser effect (TRNOE) crosspeaks in the ternary complex were assigned to the specific Tyr protons in the human C-C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) chemokine receptor peptide and to methyl protons, predominantly of isoleucine residues, and also of leucine and/or valine residues of HIV-1 gp120 envelope protein. PMID: 27701820
Intermolecular interactions of RANTES with its receptor CCR5 have been reported based on NMR spectroscopy measurements. PMID: 28052516
Binding of J113863 to CCR2 or CCR5 also induced the recruitment of beta-arrestin 2, whereas UCB35625 did not. UCB35625 induced the chemotaxis of L1.2 cells expressing CCR2 or CCR5. In contrast, J113863 induced the migration of L1.2-CCR2 cells but antagonized the chemokine-induced migration of L1.2-CCR5 cells. PMID: 27895119
The higher frequency of CCR5 wild-type allele among leishmaniasis patients may suggest an increased risk of HIV infection and also support its facilitative role in Leishmania infection PMID: 26970327

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Involvement in disease

Diabetes mellitus, insulin-dependent, 22 (IDDM22)

Subcellular Location

Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.

Protein Families

G-protein coupled receptor 1 family

Tissue Specificity

Highly expressed in spleen, thymus, in the myeloid cell line THP-1, in the promyeloblastic cell line KG-1a and on CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells. Medium levels in peripheral blood leukocytes and in small intestine. Low levels in ovary and lung.

Database Links

HGNC: 1606

OMIM: 601373

KEGG: hsa:1234

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000292303

UniGene: Hs.450802

Code	CSB-MP004844HU
MSDS	MSDS Datasheet
Size	$570
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Image	CSB-MP004844HU is detected by Mouse anti-6*His monoclonal antibody.(This tag can be tested only under denaturing conditions.) Activity Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Immobilized Human CCR5 at 10 μg/ml can bind Anti-CCR5 recombinant antibody (CSB-RA004844MA1HU). The EC₅₀ is 1.099-1.287 ng/mL. The VLPs (CSB-MP3838) is negative control. Biological Activity Assay
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Recombinant Human C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5)-VLPs (Active)

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