FGF23 (Burosumab-TWZA Biosimilar) Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody

1. Increases in plasma erythropoietin and erythropoietin receptor activation are mechanisms implicated in the increase of plasma FGF23 in acute kidney injury. PMID: 29395333
2. The FGF23 increase related to acute kidney injury, especially in more severe stages and in patients without diuresis, is an independent risk factor for mortality. PMID: 30009421
3. In patients with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease, as the disease stage advanced, serum FGF-23 levels increased while s-KL decreased. In ADPKD patients, the effect of serum FGF-23 on the development of AS and atherosclerosis in peripheral vessels is independent of s-KL. PMID: 30064143
4. In summary, our results suggest that FGF23 gene polymorphisms are associated with the risk of developing EH in Chinese Han population. PMID: 29336609
5. Although there are many studies suggesting the correlation between FGF23 and Insulin resistance (IR) in different populations, this study did not find any statistically significant relationship between IR and FGF23 levels in metabolic syndrome. PMID: 30001211
6. Data suggest that intact FGF23 level in plasma is independent predictor of cardiovascular death in patients with heart failure and provides added value to standard of care, natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) plasma level, for risk estimation. This study was conducted in Belgium. (FGF23 = fibroblast growth factor 23; NT-proBNP = aminoterminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide) PMID: 30205090
7. In patients with heart failure, higher plasma FGF23 levels were associated with volume overload and increased risk of all-cause mortality and hospitalization. PMID: 29306478
8. serum level of FGF-23 was not correlated with a change in bone mineral density of maintenance hemodialysis patients, whereas the serum Klotho protein level was associated with the degree of bone mineral density PMID: 29665846
9. Increased insulin resistance in chronic kidney disease is a consequence of the uremic status and is intimately associated with disturbed phosphate metabolism and FGF23. PMID: 29619868
10. Increased serum levels of FGF23 were associated with loss of graft function in kidney transplant recipients. PMID: 29528011
11. Responses of FGF23 to salt intervention were more prominent in normotensive, older than 60 years, BMI <24 kg/m(2) and salt-resistant individuals. Furthermore, a significant inverse correlation was observed between 24-hour urinary sodium and serum concentrations of FGF23 after adjusting age, sex, BMI and hypertension status. PMID: 29608553
12. FGF23 is reduced in subjects with nephrotic syndrome compared to healthy controls. Reduced levels of Vitamin D, and urinary losses may contribute to lower levels of FGF23 in NS. PMID: 28087977
13. Pharmacological treatment of hypercalciuric patients resulted in significantly lower urinary calcium excretion, lower serum FGF23, and elevated TP/GFR and serum phosphate concentration, without significant changes in PTH. PMID: 29457024
14. Carboxy-terminal fragment of FGF-23 induces heart hypertrophy in sickle cell disease. PMID: 27789679
15. prolonged exposure to high apical calcium and calcium hyperabsorption were sensed by CaSR, which, in turn, increased FGF-23 expression to suppress calcium transport PMID: 29317227
16. In a Canadian Asian population with CKD, FGF23 levels obtained at 6-monthly intervals for 3 years predicted ESRD and mortality suggesting that it is also a risk marker in Asians PMID: 28743129
17. shed alpha-klotho functions as an on-demand non-enzymatic scaffold protein that promotes FGF23 signalling PMID: 29342138
18. Long-term supplementation with modest quantities of omega-3 fatty acids does not reduce plasma FGF23 levels when added to cardiovascular medication in post-myocardial patients with chronic kidney disease. PMID: 29137111
19. A decrease in serum FGF23 and hepcidin levels was observed in chronic hemodialysis patients treated with lanthanum carbonate. PMID: 27928636
20. serum FGF23 levels were significantly higher and soluble Klotho levels significantly lower in the autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease group than in the non-diabetic chronic kidney disease group matched for estimated glomerular filtration rate PMID: 27450645
21. Higher serum fibroblast growth factor 23 concentration was associated with kidney function decline, height-adjusted total kidney volume percentage increase, and death in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. PMID: 28705885
22. This study indicates a possible mechanism by which excessive levels of FGF23 are involved in endothelial thrombomodulin disruption, which has been implicated as a potential cardiovascular risk factor in patients with chronic kidney disease, especially in hemodialysis patients PMID: 28834363
23. Novel relationships were identified between higher plasma FGF23 concentrations and absence of APOL1 renal-risk genotypes with higher mortality in African Americans with diabetes. PMID: 29113983
24. FGF23 is an integral part of a complex pathway, associated with higher cardiac mass in African-Americans males with excess adiposity. PMID: 28456498
25. found no independent association between FGF-23 and cardiac changes. LVH remains the most common cardiac change seen in children with CKD PMID: 28402974
26. Fibroblast Growth Factor-23 was higher in alcoholics than in controls, especially among cirrhotics, and soluble alpha Klotho levels were also higher among cirrhotics. PMID: 28651327
27. Dietary factors other than phosphate are associated with FGF23 levels in young adults. PMID: 27942978
28. Novel CLCN5 (c.1205G>A, p.W402*) and FGF23 (c.526C>G, p.R176G) mutations were found in two patients from the remaining two families PMID: 28383812
29. Review/Meta-analysis: individuals with increased plasma FGF23 levels might suffer a higher risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality. PMID: 28411494
30. review article will discuss the current experimental and clinical evidence regarding the role of FGF23 in physiology and pathophysiology of CKD and its associated complications with an emphasis on CVD. PMID: 28535521
31. In Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes, serum FGF23 levels were independently and positively correlated with the presence of lower extremity atherosclerotic disease. PMID: 28619026
32. studied biomarkers do not predict arrhythmia recurrence after catheter ablation. Left atrial voltage is an independent predictor of recurrence, whether the left atrium is mapped in atrial fibrillation or sinus rhythm PMID: 29293545
33. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between s-Klotho and FGF23 (r=0.768; p=0.001), and between FGF23 levels and urinary albumin creatinine ratio (r=0.768; p=0.001). PMID: 27323770
34. There may be positive dose-response predictive effects of FGF23 on all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, and renal events in patients with chronic kidney disease.[meta-analysis] PMID: 28006765
35. Circulating FGF23 and inflammatory cytokines are correlated with varying levels of chronic kidney disease. PMID: 27836924
36. study indicated that serum FGF-23 level could be served as the utility in the early detection of women with low bone mass. PMID: 28464278
37. Newly diagnosed Lupus nephritis (LN) patients demonstrated elevated FGF23 levels that were positively correlated to urinary MCP1, independently of vitamin D levels and kidney function. If FGF23 may predict clinical outcomes in LN warrants further evaluation. PMID: 28063327
38. there is a strong relationship between iron and FGF23 physiology; C-terminal FGF23 may have a role in mortality in kidney transplant recipients PMID: 28774998
39. FGF23 counteracts osteogenic conversion of vascular smooth muscle cells as a part of a compensatory mechanism to mitigate vascular calcification PMID: 27599364
40. intact FGF23 from loss of function mutants bypasses the endoplasmic reticulum/Golgi quality control system to the circulation of hyperphosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis patients by an unknown pathway. PMID: 26620085
41. AN69ST-continuous hemodiafiltration can be a novel FGF-23 lowering therapy for acute illnesses requiring acute blood purification. PMID: 28164555
42. FGF23 and its co-receptor klotho play an important role in bone mineral and vitamin D metabolism. In chronic kidney disease, disturbances in bone metabolism increase cardiovascular risk. FGF23 levels are very high in chronic kidney disease and may contribute to vascular calcification and other cardiovascular problems. Review. PMID: 27118192
43. can directly stimulate hepatic secretion of inflammatory cytokines PMID: 27457912
44. Elevated levels of interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, and FGF23 are independent risk factors for mortality in chronic kidney disease. PMID: 28017325
45. Main demonstrable effect of FGF23 in the setting of preserved renal function is suppression of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 rather than stimulation of renal phosphate excretion. PMID: 27370409
46. An overview of FGF23 biology and physiology is provided, clinical outcomes that have been associated with FGF23 are summarized, potential mechanisms for these observations are discussed. PMID: 28715994
47. Sclerostin levels in KTR are normal and influenced more by bone turnover than by eGFR. Its involvement with other hormones of mineral homeostasis (FGF23/Klotho and Vitamin D) is part of the sophisticated cross-talk between bone and the kidney PMID: 28558021
48. High serum FGF23 expression is associated with acute decompensated heart failure. PMID: 26666498
49. High FGF-23 expression is associated with cardiovascular disease. PMID: 26888181
50. high i-FGF23 levels may be associated with prolongation of low levels of ferritin, resulting in increased usages of iron supplementation in HD patients PMID: 28475601

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HGNC: 3680

OMIM: 193100

KEGG: hsa:8074

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000237837

UniGene: Hs.287370