Pitx3 Antibody

Code CSB-PA018044ZA01MO
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Product Details

Full Product Name
Rabbit anti-Mus musculus (Mouse) Pitx3 Polyclonal antibody
Uniprot No.
Target Names
Pitx3
Alternative Names
Pitx3 antibody; Pituitary homeobox 3 antibody; Homeobox protein PITX3 antibody; Paired-like homeodomain transcription factor 3 antibody
Raised in
Rabbit
Species Reactivity
Mus musculus
Immunogen
Recombinant Mus musculus Pitx3 protein
Immunogen Species
Mus musculus (Mouse)
Conjugate
Non-conjugated
Clonality
Polyclonal
Isotype
IgG
Purification Method
Antigen Affinity Purified
Concentration
It differs from different batches. Please contact us to confirm it.
Buffer
Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300
Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, pH 7.4
Form
Liquid
Tested Applications
ELISA, WB (ensure identification of antigen)
Protocols
Troubleshooting and FAQs
Storage
Upon receipt, store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze.
Value-added Deliverables
① 200ug * antigen (positive control);
② 1ml * Pre-immune serum (negative control);
Quality Guarantee
① Antibody purity can be guaranteed above 90% by SDS-PAGE detection;
② ELISA titer can be guaranteed 1: 64,000;
③ WB validation with antigen can be guaranteed positive;
Lead Time
Made-to-order (12-14 weeks)

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Target Background

Function
Transcriptional regulator which is important for the differentiation and maintenance of meso-diencephalic dopaminergic (mdDA) neurons during development. In addition to its importance during development, it also has roles in the long-term survival and maintenance of the mdDA neurons. Activates NR4A2/NURR1-mediated transcription of genes such as SLC6A3, SLC18A2, TH and DRD2 which are essential for development of mdDA neurons. Acts by decreasing the interaction of NR4A2/NURR1 with the corepressor NCOR2/SMRT which acts through histone deacetylases (HDACs) to keep promoters of NR4A2/NURR1 target genes in a repressed deacetylated state. Essential for the normal lens development and differentiation. Plays a critical role in the maintenance of mitotic activity of lens epithelial cells, fiber cell differentiation and in the control of the temporal and spatial activation of fiber cell-specific crystallins. Positively regulates FOXE3 expression and negatively regulates PROX1 in the anterior lens epithelium, preventing activation of CDKN1B/P27Kip1 and CDKN1C/P57Kip2 and thus maintains lens epithelial cells in cell cycle.
Gene References into Functions
  1. that Pitx3 is co-recruited to regions that foster the formation of GATA-bHLH-BRN complexes, which usually involve Lmo co-regulatory proteins PMID: 27514757
  2. in absence of En1 and Pitx3, only a limited number of Mesodiencephalic dopaminergic neurons are present in mouse embryo. PMID: 28800615
  3. Pitx3 is specifically required for DA-related function and, if impaired, Pitx3 could contribute during the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. PMID: 26363812
  4. the sonic hedgehog signaling pathway is both necessary and sufficient for the induction of ectopic PITX3 expression in chick mesencephalon downstream of WNT9A-induced LMX1a transcription. PMID: 26755703
  5. microphthalmos/aphakia inPITX3 nonsense mutant is caused by the expression of truncated PITX3, resulting in the abnormal expression of downstream targets and lens fiber proteins. PMID: 25347445
  6. Pitx3 binds to an evolutionary conserved bicoid-binding site on the 5'-upstream region of Foxe3. Pitx3 binding to 5'-upstream region of Foxe3 increased transcriptional activity significantly in a cell-based reporter assay. PMID: 24307298
  7. Pitx3 overexpressing mouse significantly affects the gene expression of midbrain dopamine neurons. Motor coordination and locomotion activities are significantly affected in mice overexpressing Pitx3 mice. PMID: 24680684
  8. Primary fetal neurobehavioral deficit of the Pitx3 mutation is akinesia related to nigrostriatal damage. PMID: 23489835
  9. Two crucial mediators of mesodiencephalic dopaminergic neuronal development, En1 and Pitx3, interact in dopaminergic subset specification. PMID: 23863478
  10. a novel link between Pitx3 function and the selective pattern of midbrain dopaminergic neurons cell loss observed in Parkinson's disease. PMID: 23331067
  11. Reduced Th expression was associated with loss of Pitx3. PMID: 23145024
  12. Pitx3 mutant mice are a convenient and valid mouse model to study the compensatory 5-HT upregulation PMID: 23159831
  13. The Pitx3 gene is well known for its specific expression in mdDA neurons and is present at the onset of terminal differentiation. PMID: 22870339
  14. Pitx3 acts on multiple levels in the molecular subset-specification of mdDA neurons. PMID: 22069189
  15. Pitx3-deficient aphakia mice display unique behavioral responses to psychostimulant and antipsychotic drugs PMID: 20026251
  16. The frame-shift mutation (Pitx eyl ) affects the C-terminal part of the transcription factor Pitx3 and causes alterations in the eye and brain. PMID: 20033184
  17. A homeodomain protein that is required for development of substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons. PMID: 12655058
  18. only a subset of mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons expresses Pitx3, and in Pitx3-deficient aphakia mice, this subset is progressively lost by apoptosis during fetal and postnatal development PMID: 12702666
  19. In Pitx3-deficient ak/ak mice, dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra fail to develop properly, and dopamine levels are reduced in the striatum. PMID: 12829322
  20. Pitx3 is specifically required for the formation of the substantia nigra subfield at the onset of dopaminergic neuron differentiation. PMID: 14973278
  21. Pitx3 specifies and maintenains A9-like neuronal properties, while Nurr1 influences overall midbrain DA specification. These findings may be important for modifying ES cells to generate an optimal cell source for transplantation therapy of PD. PMID: 15691706
  22. Pitx3 regulates tyrosine hydroxylase expression in the substantia nigra and identifies a subgroup of mesencephalic dopaminergic progenitor neurons during mouse development. PMID: 15950611
  23. In conclusion, PITX3-deficient mice display specific molecular and cellular alterations in the mDA system that provide new insights in compensatory mechanisms present in mDA-associated disorders such as PD. PMID: 16140547
  24. pitx3 deficiency in a natural mouse mutant, the aphakia mouse, was correlated with the loss of these neurons and with a deficit in locomotor activity PMID: 16269007
  25. Pitx3-deficient mice have neural adaptations at the level of the nucleus accumbens microcircuitry that in turn may have behavioral consequences. PMID: 16837663
  26. Pitx3 is involved in a mdDA developmental cascade linked to RA signaling. PMID: 17592014
  27. investigation of role of miRNAs in midbrain dopaminergic neurons (DNs); miR-133b regulates the maturation and function of midbrain DNs within a negative feedback circuit that includes the paired-like homeodomain transcription factor Pitx3 PMID: 17761882
  28. Myogenic basic helix-loop-helix regulatory factor activation of Pitx3 transcription may be part of a positive feedback loop contributing to establishment of the myogenic program PMID: 17848564
  29. Phenotypic segregation of aphakia and Pitx3-null mutants reveals that Pitx3 deficiency increases consolidation of specific movement components. PMID: 17919745
  30. Motor deficits and altered striatal gene expression in aphakia (ak) mice. PMID: 17949697
  31. Reduction in 5-HT levels in Pitx3-deficient mice decreased their locommotor activity to normal levels and increased the locomotor activity of control mice. PMID: 18215235
  32. Use of a Pitx3-enhanced green fluorescent protein (Pitx3-eGFP) knock-in mouse blastocyst-derived embryonic stem (mES) cell line and flow cytometry) to select and purify midbrain dopamine neurons. PMID: 18388307
  33. Pitx3-CreER mice show restricted Cre expression in developing ocular lens and skeletal muscle. PMID: 18543300
  34. Pitx3-deficient Aphakia mice are impaired in striatum-dependent cognitive tasks including rotarod learning, T-maze and inhibitory avoidance tasks, but not the striatum-independent social transmission of food preference task. PMID: 18573342
  35. Pitx3 is essential to maintain lens epithelial phenotype and prevent inappropriate fibre cell differentiation during lens development PMID: 19007884
  36. Data found that reduced expression of Pitx3 leads to changes in the proliferation, differentiation and survival of lens cells. PMID: 19334279
  37. Our study, using Pitx3-deficient embryonic stem cells in an in-vitro differentiation culture system, allowed us to assess the role of Pitx3 in the specification and final maturation of dopaminergic neurons. PMID: 19508691

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Involvement in disease
Mutations in Pitx3 appear to be the cause of the aphakia (ak) phenotype, a recessive homozygous disease characterized by small eyes and closed eyelids.
Subcellular Location
Nucleus.
Protein Families
Paired homeobox family, Bicoid subfamily
Tissue Specificity
Highly expressed in developing eye lens. Expression is restricted to the substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area in the midbrain.
Database Links
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