Human protein-arginine deiminase type-4(PADI4) ELISA kit

Product Details

Citations

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Customer Reviews and Q&A

Target Background

Product Details

Target Name

peptidyl arginine deiminase, type IV

Alternative Names

EC 3.5.3.15 ELISA Kit; HL 60 PAD ELISA Kit; HL-60 PAD ELISA Kit; PAD 4 ELISA Kit; PAD ELISA Kit; PADI 4 ELISA Kit; PADI 5 ELISA Kit; PADI H protein ELISA Kit; Padi4 ELISA Kit; PADI4_HUMAN ELISA Kit; PADI5 ELISA Kit; PDI 4 ELISA Kit; PDI 5 ELISA Kit; PDI4 ELISA Kit; PDI5 ELISA Kit; Peptidyl arginine deiminase type IV ELISA Kit; Peptidyl arginine deiminase type V ELISA Kit; Peptidylarginine deiminase IV ELISA Kit; Protein arginine deiminase ELISA Kit; Protein arginine deiminase type 4 ELISA Kit; Protein arginine deiminase type IV ELISA Kit; Protein-arginine deiminase type IV ELISA Kit; Protein-arginine deiminase type-4 ELISA Kit

Abbreviation

PADI4

Uniprot No.

Q9UM07

Species

Homo sapiens (Human)

Sample Types

serum, urine, cell culture supernates

Detection Range

0.156 ng/mL-10 ng/mL

Sensitivity

0.039 ng/mL

Assay Time

1-5h

Sample Volume

50-100ul

Detection Wavelength

450 nm

Research Area

Epigenetics and Nuclear Signaling

Assay Principle

quantitative

Measurement

Sandwich

Precision

Linearity

To assess the linearity of the assay, samples were spiked with high concentrations of human PADI4 in various matrices and diluted with the Sample Diluent to produce samples with values within the dynamic range of the assay.
	Sample	Serum(n=4)
1:100	Average %	87
	Range %	80-92
1:200	Average %	99
	Range %	91-105
1:400	Average %	99
	Range %	92-110
1:800	Average %	94
	Range %	86-98

Recovery

Typical Data

These standard curves are provided for demonstration only. A standard curve should be generated for each set of samples assayed.

ng/ml	OD1	OD2	Average	Corrected
10	2.719	2.678	2.699	2.609
5	2.223	2.189	2.206	2.116
2.5	1.427	1.402	1.415	1.325
1.25	0.782	0.763	0.773	0.683
0.625	0.407	0.379	0.393	0.303
0.312	0.249	0.239	0.244	0.154
0.156	0.158	0.148	0.153	0.063
0	0.093	0.087	0.090

Materials provided

A micro ELISA plate --- The 96-well plate has been pre-coated with an anti-human PADI4 antibody. This dismountable microplate can be divided into 12 x 8 strip plates.
Two vials lyophilized standard ---Dilute a bottle of the standard at dilution series, read the OD values, and then draw a standard curve.
One vial Biotin-labeled PADI4 antibody (100 x concentrate) (120 μl/bottle) ---Act as the detection antibody.
One vial HRP-avidin (100 x concentrate) (120 μl/bottle) ---Bind to the detection antibody and react with the TMB substrate to make the solution chromogenic.
One vial Biotin-antibody Diluent (15 ml/bottle) ---Dilute the Biotin-antibody.
One vial HRP-avidin Diluent (15 ml/bottle) ---Dilute the HRP-avidin solution.
One vial Sample Diluent (50 ml/bottle)---Dilute the sample to an appropriate concentration.
One vial Wash Buffer (25 x concentrate) (20 ml/bottle) ---Wash away unbound or free substances.
One vial TMB Substrate (10 ml/bottle) ---Act as the chromogenic agent. TMB interacts with HRP, eliciting the solution turns blue.
One vial Stop Solution (10 ml/bottle) ---Stop the color reaction. The solution color immediately turns from blue to yellow.
Four Adhesive Strips (For 96 wells) --- Cover the microplate when incubation.
An instruction manual

Materials not provided

A microplate reader capable of measuring absorbance at 450 nm, with the correction wavelength set at 540 nm or 570 nm.
An incubator can provide stable incubation conditions up to 37°C±5°C.
Centrifuge
Vortex
Squirt bottle, manifold dispenser, or automated microplate washer
Absorbent paper for blotting the microtiter plate
50-300ul multi-channel micropipette
Pipette tips
Single-channel micropipette with different ranges
100ml and 500ml graduated cylinders
Deionized or distilled water
Timer
Test tubes for dilution

ELISA Data Analysis

ELISA Standard Curve & Curve Expert software

Troubleshooting
and FAQs

ELISA kit FAQs

Storage

Store at 2-8°C. Please refer to protocol.

Lead Time

3-5 working days after you place the order, and it takes another 3-5 days for delivery via DHL or FedEx

Description

This Human PADI4 ELISA Kit was designed for the quantitative measurement of Human PADI4 protein in serum, urine, cell culture supernates. It is a Sandwich ELISA kit, its detection range is 0.156 ng/mL-10 ng/mL and the sensitivity is 0.039 ng/mL.

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Target Background

Function
(From Uniprot)

Catalyzes the citrullination/deimination of arginine residues of proteins such as histones, thereby playing a key role in histone code and regulation of stem cell maintenance. Citrullinates histone H1 at 'Arg-54' (to form H1R54ci), histone H3 at 'Arg-2', 'Arg-8', 'Arg-17' and/or 'Arg-26' (to form H3R2ci, H3R8ci, H3R17ci, H3R26ci, respectively) and histone H4 at 'Arg-3' (to form H4R3ci). Acts as a key regulator of stem cell maintenance by mediating citrullination of histone H1: citrullination of 'Arg-54' of histone H1 (H1R54ci) results in H1 displacement from chromatin and global chromatin decondensation, thereby promoting pluripotency and stem cell maintenance. Promotes profound chromatin decondensation during the innate immune response to infection in neutrophils by mediating formation of H1R54ci. Required for the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs); NETs are mainly composed of DNA fibers and are released by neutrophils to bind pathogens during inflammation. Citrullination of histone H3 prevents their methylation by CARM1 and HRMT1L2/PRMT1 and represses transcription. Citrullinates EP300/P300 at 'Arg-2142', which favors its interaction with NCOA2/GRIP1.

Gene References into Functions

Molecular interplay between the dimer interface and the substrate-binding site of human PAD4 has been reported. PMID: 28209966
PADI4 may be closely associated with hypoxiainduced autophagy, and the inhibition of hypoxiainduced autophagy by PADI4 knockdown may contribute to an increase in the apoptosis of RAFLS. PMID: 29393388
MiRNA-146a rs2910164 and IRAK1 rs3027898 polymorphisms were a risk factor for predisposition to Rheumatoid Arthritis in Egyptian Population in codominant and dominant tested inheritance models, while, the miRNA-499 rs3746444 and PADI4 rs1748033 polymorphisms were a risk factor in codominant and recessive one. PMID: 29734142
our meta-analysis demonstrated that the PADI4_94 polymorphisms might contribute to RA susceptibility especially in Asian populations but not in Caucasian populations. PMID: 29302826
Meta-analysis indicated a significantly increased association between PADI -104C/T polymorphism and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Chinese and Japanese populations (which were the majority of included populations in the analysis). PMID: 29518108
PADI4 interacted with SYVN1 directly and that overexpression of PADI4 suppressed the ubiquitination of proteins. Thus, a reduction in ER stress induced by PADI4 may abrogate the initiation of chronic RA by suppressing the proliferative signals of RA synoviocytes. PMID: 29039504
mRNA expression of PADI2, PADI4 and Sp1 is upregulated in rheumatoid arthritis bone marrow CD34+ cells independently of the systemic inflammation or treatment regimen. PMID: 29148420
this study in a Southern Mexican population suggests that PADI4 individual polymorphisms and the related susceptibility haplotype (GTG) are also genetic risk markers for rheumatoid arthritis PMID: 28551357
The T allele of PADI4 rs2240340 is associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Asians. PMID: 28653215
PADI4 contributes to gastric tumorigenesis by upregulating CXCR2, KRT14 and TNF-alpha expression. PMID: 27556695
In this case-control study with sufficient sample size to detect associations, we observed that PADI4 SNPS rs11203367 and rs874881 do not significantly determine RA susceptibility PMID: 27182695
SNPs of PADI4 may be a risk factor for airway abnormalities in RA. PMID: 27372294
this meta-analysis suggested that PADI4 -92C/G polymorphism may be associated with the rheumatoid arthritis incidence in the Chinese population, especially for South China. Further studies conducted on other ethnic groups are required for definite conclusions. PMID: 28832760
PADI4 contributes to the pathogenesis of RA by protecting FLSs from apoptosis. PADI4 suppresses p21 transcription through altering histone H3 arginine modifications on p21 promoter region. PMID: 28367100
Proteolysis by granzyme B enhances presentation of autoantigenic PAD4 epitopes in rheumatoid arthritis. PMID: 27700100
No associations were found between clinical subtypes of JIA and PADI4 allele frequency. rs2240337 in the PADI4 gene was significantly associated with anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody-positivity in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. PMID: 28182665
The effect of the PADI4-104C/T polymorphism on RA risk in the Chinese population was evaluated in a meta-analysis. The overall analysis indicated a significant association between the PADI4-104C/T polymorphism and RA risk in the Chinese population (T vs C: OR = 1.45, 95%CI = 1.18-1.78; TT vs CC: OR = 1.49, 95%CI = 1.24-1.80; TT vs CC+CT: OR = 1.28, 95%CI = 1.08-1.51; TT+CT vs CC: OR = 1.75, 95%CI = 1.30-2.37). PMID: 27706751
Overexpression of PAD4 constrains the activity of EMT via suppressing Elk1 expression. PMID: 27176594
Our study also demonstrated that PADI4 contributes to tumor metastasis by regulating the gene expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and WAS/WASL-interacting protein family member 1 (WIPF1). PMID: 26563365
PAD4 levels were significantly higher in patients with rheumatoid arthritis than in patients with systemic lupus erythematosis or healthy controls. Anti-PAD4 antibodies were detected in 30% of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, but not in patients with SLE, systemic sclerosis or controls. PMID: 26415740
the PADI4_94 and PADI_104 polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Asians and Caucasians, and the PADI4_92 polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to RA in Asians, but not in Caucasians [meta-analysis] PMID: 26474773
This meta-analysis showed that the PADI4 -94G/A variants may influence RA risk in the Chinese population. PMID: 27051025
The results highlight an association between PAD4 and DNA hypermethylation in acute promyelocytic leukemia and demonstrate that targeting PAD4 or regulating its downstream effectors may be a promising strategy to control differentiation in the clinic. PMID: 26673819
Polymorphism in exon-4 of PADI4 gene showed significant association with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)and polymorphism in exon-3 exhibited moderate association with RA. PMID: 22976394
PADI4 rs1748033 gene polymorphism increased the risk of RA in a sample of the Iranian population. PMID: 26546893
Silencing of PADI4 attenuates the TNF-alpha-induced osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. PMID: 26082376
Data show that peptidylarginine deiminase type 4, mutated citrullinated vimentin and cyclic citrullinated peptides autoantibodies were detected in 24, 61 and 74% of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, respectively. PMID: 26149185
PAD4 activity was significantly higher in cell-free synovial fluid of rheumatoid arthritis patients compared to osteoarthritis patients. PMID: 26245941
We found that heterozygote genotypes for PADI4_89 were protectively associated with susceptibility to tuberculosis. PMID: 25205591
Data show that peptidyl arginine deiminase type IV (PADI4) polymorphisms and a functional haplotype are associated with rheumatoid arthritis. PMID: 25562673
PAD-4 is inhibited by PTPN22. PMID: 26019128
PADI4-94G/A polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis in the overall population and in the Asian population. PMID: 26043831
We propose that the influence of PADI4 on IL6ST transcription plays a role in the control of IL6ST expression during lineage differentiation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. PMID: 24874575
The prevalence and extent of ILD was markedly higher among RA patients with anti-PAD3/4 cross-reactive antibodies, even after accounting for relevant confounders, particularly among ever smokers. PMID: 24901704
genetic variants in CDK6 and PADI4 were associated with anti-citrullinated cyclic peptide status in rheumatoid arthritis DRB1*04 negative patients PMID: 25138370
Data indicate an association between peptidylarginine deiminase PADI4 and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the multiethnic population from South East Asia. PMID: 23164236
rADI not only reduced NO production but also caused cellular toxicity in nNOS-activated SH-SY5Y cells, suggesting a dual role for rADI in NOS-mediated neurotoxicity. PMID: 25126568
PADI4 polymorphisms are risk factors contributed to rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility, especially for anti-CCP positive disease, and may confer higher risk of radiographic severity in Chinese Han population. PMID: 24564960
We found that PADI4 polymorphisms are associated with RA susceptibility, regardless of ACPA titers. PMID: 24454473
results suggest that the p50 subunit of NF-kappaB may play a role in the repression of PAD4 transcription during inflammation PMID: 24140127
anti-PAD4 autoantibodies (identified by their cross-reactivity with PAD3) markedly increase the catalytic efficiency of PAD4. PMID: 23698378
PADI4 risk allele and HLA-DRB1 shared epitope are independent genetic risks for radiographic progression in Japanese rheumatoid arthritis patients PMID: 23577190
Dysregulation of PAD4-mediated citrullination of nuclear GSK3beta activates TGF-beta signaling and induces epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer cells. PMID: 23818587
Therefore, our data strongly suggest that the N-terminal Ca(2+) ions play critical roles in the full activation of the PAD4 enzyme. PMID: 23382808
Data indicate that the declined PADI4 mRNA was significantly associated with Line-1 demethylation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. PMID: 22907585
Our results suggested that rs2240340 in PADI4 gene is associated with susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis in Yunnan. PMID: 23450494
This meta-analysis suggests that PADI4 polymorphisms represent a significant risk factor for rheumatoid arthritis, especially in Asians. PMID: 22552437
The synovial expression of cyclic citrullinated peptide and the generation of anti-CCP antibodies are strongly associated with shared epitope alleles and/or certain PADI4 gene SNPs in rheumatoid arthritis. PMID: 22944128
The relationship between PADI4 and rheumatoid arthritis has been observed among Japanese. PMID: 23214088
No single point association between genotype and allele frequency was found for rheumatoid arthritis in Tunisia. PMID: 22459419

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Involvement in disease

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)

Subcellular Location

Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Cytoplasmic granule.

Protein Families

Protein arginine deiminase family

Tissue Specificity

Expressed in eosinophils and neutrophils, not expressed in peripheral monocytes or lymphocytes.

Database Links

HGNC: 18368

OMIM: 180300

KEGG: hsa:23569

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000364597

UniGene: Hs.522969

Code	CSB-E16219h
Size	96T,5×96T,10×96T
Price	Request a Quote or Start an on-line Chat
Trial Size	24T ELISA Kit Trial Size (Only USD$150/ kit) * The sample kit cost can be deducted from your subsequent orders of 96T full size kits of the same analyte at 1/5 per kit, until depleted in 6 months. Apply now

Intra-assay Precision (Precision within an assay): CV%<8%

Three samples of known concentration were tested twenty times on one plate to assess.

Inter-assay Precision (Precision between assays): CV%<10%

Three samples of known concentration were tested in twenty assays to assess.