Function
(From Uniprot)
Adapter protein involved in the Toll-like receptor and IL-1 receptor signaling pathway in the innate immune response. Acts via IRAK1, IRAK2, IRF7 and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. Increases IL-8 transcription. Involved in IL-18-mediated signaling pathway. Activates IRF1 resulting in its rapid migration into the nucleus to mediate an efficient induction of IFN-beta, NOS2/INOS, and IL12A genes. Upon TLR8 activation by GU-rich single-stranded RNA (GU-rich RNA) derived from viruses, induces IL1B release through NLRP3 inflammasome activation. MyD88-mediated signaling in intestinal epithelial cells is crucial for maintenance of gut homeostasis and controls the expression of the antimicrobial lectin REG3G in the small intestine. Mediates leukocyte recruitment at the inflammatory site.; Defective in its ability to induce IRAK phosphorylation and NF-kappa-B activation and can function as a negative regulator of activation by IL-1 or lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
Tissue Specificity
Detected in bone marrow. Isoform 1 is expressed in testis, kidney, lung, ovary, adrenal gland, provstate, thymus and heart, and weakly in skeletal muscle, liver, spleen and brain. Isoform 2 is mainly expressed in the spleen and weakly in brain.