Mouse tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)ELISA Kit

Code CSB-E17645m
Size 96T,5×96T,10×96T
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Product Details

Target Name
tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)
Alternative Names
Th ELISA Kit; Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase ELISA Kit; EC 1.14.16.2 ELISA Kit; Tyrosine 3-hydroxylase ELISA Kit; TH ELISA Kit
Abbreviation
TH
Uniprot No.
Species
Mus musculus (Mouse)
Sample Types
serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell culture supernates
Detection Range
62.5 pg/mL-4000 pg/mL
Sensitivity
15.6 pg/mL
Assay Time
1-5h
Sample Volume
50-100ul
Detection Wavelength
450 nm
Research Area
Metabolism
Assay Principle
quantitative
Measurement
Sandwich
Precision
Intra-assay Precision (Precision within an assay): CV%<8%      
Three samples of known concentration were tested twenty times on one plate to assess.  
Inter-assay Precision (Precision between assays): CV%<10%      
Three samples of known concentration were tested in twenty assays to assess.    
             
Linearity
To assess the linearity of the assay, samples were spiked with high concentrations of mouse TH in various matrices and diluted with the Sample Diluent to produce samples with values within the dynamic range of the assay.
  Sample Serum(n=4)  
1:1 Average % 84  
Range % 80-88  
1:2 Average % 97  
Range % 92-103  
1:4 Average % 90  
Range % 85-94  
1:8 Average % 93  
Range % 88-99  
Recovery
The recovery of mouse TH spiked to levels throughout the range of the assay in various matrices was evaluated. Samples were diluted prior to assay as directed in the Sample Preparation section.
Sample Type Average % Recovery Range  
Serum (n=5) 102 98-110  
EDTA plasma (n=4) 89 84-93  
             
             
Typical Data
These standard curves are provided for demonstration only. A standard curve should be generated for each set of samples assayed.
pg/ml OD1 OD2 Average Corrected  
4000 2.349 2.278 2.314 2.157  
2000 1.637 1.729 1.683 1.526  
1000 1.068 1.121 1.095 0.938  
500 0.682 0.721 0.702 0.545  
250 0.401 0.424 0.413 0.256  
125 0.293 0.310 0.302 0.145  
62.5 0.225 0.216 0.221 0.064  
0 0.158 0.155 0.157    
Troubleshooting
and FAQs
Storage
Store at 2-8°C. Please refer to protocol.
Lead Time
3-5 working days after you place the order, and it takes another 3-5 days for delivery via DHL or FedEx
Description

This Mouse tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) ELISA Kit was designed for the quantitative measurement of Mouse tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) protein in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell culture supernates. It is a Sandwich ELISA kit, its detection range is 62.5 pg/mL-4000 pg/mL and the sensitivity is 15.6 pg/mL.

Citations

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Target Background

Function
(From Uniprot)
Plays an important role in the physiology of adrenergic neurons. Positively regulates the regression of retinal hyaloid vessels during postnatal development.
Gene References into Functions
  1. A lack of age-associated arterial pressure increase found in mature adult Th-hetrozygous mice. PMID: 27771508
  2. This study demonstrated that the expression patterns of the calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha and tyrosine hydroxylase formed opposing gradients, with tyrosine hydroxylase being preferentially expressed in apical and calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha in basal type II afferent neurons, indicating heterogeneity among type II afferent neurons. PMID: 29055051
  3. Study used Cre-lox technology to selectively ablate tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) from Kiss1 cells. Surprisingly, despite a practically complete knock-out of TH from Kiss1 cells, study found that all aspects of puberty, reproductive hormone secretion, and fertility were normal in Kiss THKOs. This suggests that dopamine synthesized in Kiss1 cells is not required for normal puberty and reproduction. PMID: 28660243
  4. These findings reveal that Th and Gad1 share a transcription regulatory mechanism that facilitates odorant-dependent regulation of dopamine and GABA expression levels. PMID: 28411275
  5. deletion of Th in hematopoietic cells of adult mice neither alters energy expenditure upon cold exposure nor reduces browning in inguinal adipose tissue. Bone marrow-derived macrophages did not release NE in response to stimulation with IL-4, and conditioned media from IL-4-stimulated macrophages failed to induce expression of thermogenic genes, such as uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1), in adipocytes. PMID: 28414329
  6. The neurogenic contractions were higher in the sickle cell disease, in association with elevated tyrosine hydroxylase phosphorylated at Ser-31 and total tyrosine hydroxylase protein expression, as well as increased tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA expression. PMID: 27935981
  7. these data demonstrate a novel interaction between Hsc70 and TH that regulates the activity and localization of the enzyme to synaptic vesicles, suggesting an important role for Hsc70 in dopamine homeostasis. PMID: 27365397
  8. TH gene overexpression promotes the polarization and differentiation of CD4+ cells towards Th2 cells. PMID: 27315039
  9. The TH-immunopositive fibres detected in the orbitofrontal cortices of the DISC1 KO mice were significantly shorter than those seen in the wild-type mice. PMID: 26333915
  10. Real-time PCR analyses revealed that social defeat significantly increased tyrosine hydroxylase in the ventral tegmental area. PMID: 25219790
  11. These results revealed a new role of the canonical Lrp5/6-beta-catenin pathway in regulating the morphogenesis of the cerebellum during postnatal development. PMID: 26772978
  12. psychostimulants induce downregulation of DRD1a and DRD2 mRNA expression and upregulation of tyrosine hydroxylase protein expression in the testis PMID: 26560700
  13. Deletion of the CB2 r gene increased preference for and vulnerability to ethanol consumption, at least in part, by increased ethanol-induced sensitivity of the TH and mu-opioid receptor gene expressions in mesolimbic neurons. PMID: 23855434
  14. IRBIT suppresses CaMKIIalpha activity and contributes to catecholamine homeostasis through TH phosphorylation. PMID: 25922519
  15. results indicate that striatal TH interneurons are not dopaminergic but rather are a type of GABAergic interneuron that expresses TH and exert widespread GABAergic inhibition onto direct and indirect spiny neurons. PMID: 25904808
  16. the presence of tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA and protein expressing cells in the striatum (including nucleus accumbens), central and medial extended amygdala during development PMID: 23479178
  17. Mating increases neuronal tyrosine hydroxylase expression and selectively gates transmission of male chemosensory information in female mice. PMID: 23936125
  18. COUP-TFI regulates tyrosine hydroxylase expression in olfactory bulb cells through an activity-dependent mechanism involving ZIF268 induction PMID: 24227652
  19. TH-immunoreactive neurons are detected between sexes or genotypes on embryonic day 15, but a female-specific increase in TH-ir neurons is observed in CRMP4-null mice on postnatal day 1 when the sex difference is not yet apparent in wild-type mice. PMID: 23420586
  20. these data reveal a powerful arcuate-NPY-regulated neuronal circuit that controls brown adipose tissue thermogenesis and sympathetic output via tyrosine hydroxylase neurons. PMID: 23395170
  21. Our data demonstrate that tetrahydrobiopterin and catecholamines are required for the post-natal augmentation of TH protein in the brain PMID: 23647001
  22. TH gene silencing attenuates TH expression and catecholamine synthesis in CD4+ T lymphocytes and promotes polarization of differentiation and function towards Th1 cells. PMID: 23160220
  23. Ngb deficiency neither affected the level of Melanopsin and Tyrosine Hydroxylase proteins nor the intactness of PACAP-positive retinohypothalamic projections in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. PMID: 22820193
  24. The expression of tyrosine hydroxylase, the key enzyme in dopamine biosynthesis, was induced during mast cell maturation PMID: 22628305
  25. the 3.2-kb sequence upstream of the TH gene is not sufficient for proper expression and that the 2-kb sequence from the translation start site to exon 3 is necessary for expression PMID: 22714400
  26. CNTF decreased TH enzyme levels, thereby increasing the specific activity of the enzyme PMID: 22372951
  27. local regulation of TH protein amount independent of soma and trans-axonal regulation of apparent L-dihydroxyphenylalanine synthesis activity per TH protein. PMID: 22027820
  28. Postnatal development of tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA-expressing neurons in mouse neostriatum. PMID: 22004548
  29. Tph1(-/-) mice express lower levels of pulmonary 5-HT transporter when compared to wild-type controls. Tph1(-/-) mice display adaptive changes in the expression of non-serotonergic pulmonary genes which are implicated in pulmonary arterial hypertension. PMID: 21464983
  30. In adult substantia nigra pars compacta neurons, tyrosine hydroxylase expression is activity-dependent, and changes follow sustained neuronal activity. PMID: 21166807
  31. Constitutive expression of heat shock protein 25 may prevent ectopic expression of TH in zebrin II immunopositive Purkinje cell subsets. PMID: 20462503
  32. Paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus CRH neurons possibly are not participating in the regulation of Fos-tyrosine hydroxylase neurons in the dorsomedial nucleus during immobilization stress PMID: 20799851
  33. Thus, the removal of gp130 from sympathetic neurons prevents the post-infarct depletion of tyrosine hydroxylase in the left ventricle, but does not alter NA content or cardiac function PMID: 19880537
  34. Th expression in mature olfactory bulb neurons and neural progenitors in the rostral migratory stream are regulated by distinct HDAC-mediated mechanisms. PMID: 20170631
  35. The TH promoter appears to possess transcriptional elements ... necessary for the induction of TH expression at the early embryonic stage and its reactivation during the post-natal development PMID: 12124430
  36. there is active tyrosine hydroxylase in mesangial cells, suggesting that these cells are able to produce catecholamines "in vivo" PMID: 12210722
  37. Perinatal nicotine attenuates the hypoxia-induced up-regulation of tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA in locus ceruleus of the newborn mouse. PMID: 12409526
  38. Estrogen triggers the expression of TH in the developing mouse midbrain on the transcriptional and protein level. PMID: 12555275
  39. densities of TH-ir fibers in the amygdala and hippocampus in aged mice (21-26 months) decrease dramatically and in a subregion-specific fashion PMID: 12596034
  40. In summary, our results provide a novel regulatory frame in which modulation of chromatin structure by histone deacetylase may contribute to transcriptional regulation of the tyrosine hydroxylase. PMID: 14651963
  41. abnormal expression of tyrosine hydroxylase in tottering mouse Purkinje cells is regulated by Purkinje cell excitability PMID: 14715436
  42. expression in the Purkinje cells of ataxic mutants abnormally increases without activation of this enzyme by phosphorylation PMID: 15008900
  43. a kinetic evaluation of levels in the corpus striatum PMID: 15260122
  44. These results demonstrate direct and indirect regulation of phosphorylation of a Cdk5/ERK1/2 site on tyrosine hydroxylase and suggest a role for these pathways in the neuroadaptive changes associated with chronic cocaine exposure. PMID: 15447670
  45. Expression of Cre recombinase from the Th locus was studied in transgenic mice. PMID: 15452869
  46. data suggest that cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (cdk5) phosphorylation of tyrosine hydroxylase(TH) is an important regulator of TH activity through stabilization of TH protein levels PMID: 15471880
  47. FGF-20 promotes the differentiation of Nurr1-neural stem cells into tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neurons and that additional factors are required for the efficient differentiation of dopaminergic neurons in the adult brain. PMID: 15474354
  48. TH mRNA is expressed in ample continuous regions of the neuroepithelium, extending across several neuromeres PMID: 15973733
  49. These studies suggest that tyrosine hydroxylase transgene expressing cells exhibiting morphological and biochemical characteristics of presumptive ORNs are unable to mature and undergo apoptotic cell death possibly because they lack trophic support. PMID: 16217623
  50. Based on these data, we propose that AR activates TH gene expression and that DJ-1 may modulate AR activity as a transcriptional co-repressor. PMID: 16356647

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Subcellular Location
Cytoplasm, perinuclear region.
Protein Families
Biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase family
Tissue Specificity
Expressed in the adrenal gland. Expressed in the retina.
Database Links
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