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Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of several pentoses, tetroses, trioses, alpha-dicarbonyl compounds and L-xylulose. Participates in the uronate cycle of glucose metabolism. May play a role in the water absorption and cellular osmoregulation in the proximal renal tubules by producing xylitol, an osmolyte, thereby preventing osmolytic stress from occurring in the renal tubules.
Gene References into Functions
Ureaplasma urealyticum infection may affect the level of P34H protein expression on spermatozoa PMID: 28012250
identification of DCXR as an enzyme activity mediating chemical redox cycling suggests that it may be important in generating cytotoxic reactive oxygen species in the lung PMID: 28595002
Low expression of DCXR is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma. PMID: 27658779
EGCG is a potential inhibitor to human DCXR. PMID: 23661708
combined frequency of the two mutant DCXR alleles in 1,067 Ashkenazi Jewish controls was 0.0173, suggesting a pentosuria frequency of approximately one in 3,300 in this population PMID: 22042873
crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis PMID: 12136162
structure of the tetrameric form of human L-Xylulose reductase PMID: 15906319
Our results demonstrate that the proportion of positive P34H cases that produced embryos in vitro clearly differs from cases with undetectable levels of P34H (P<.001). PMID: 16616743
These results suggested that altered HCR2 expression might play roles in the carcinogenesis and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. PMID: 16847567
A significant proportion of men investigated for male infertility may be epididymal protein P34H deficient. PMID: 17434498
Decreased membranous expression of DCXR with altered subcellular localization appears to be associated with malignant progression of melanocytic lesions in human skin. PMID: 17576332
DCXR trranfected into mice may function in the removal of renal alpha-dicarbonyl compounds under oxidative circumstances, but it is not sufficient to suppress acute renal fibrosis. PMID: 18079483
DCXR overexpression has the potential to be an additional useful biomarker for prostate cancer. PMID: 18086765
The action of human XR may be regulated by cellular redox conditions through reversible disulfide-bond formation and by S-cysteinylation. PMID: 19337691
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Involvement in disease
Pentosuria (PNTSU)
Subcellular Location
Membrane; Peripheral membrane protein.
Protein Families
Short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family
Tissue Specificity
Highly expressed in kidney, liver and epididymis. In the epididymis, it is mainly expressed in the proximal and distal sections of the corpus region. Weakly or not expressed in brain, lung, heart, spleen and testis.