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Adapter protein involved in asymmetrical cell division and cell polarization processes. Probably involved in the formation of epithelial tight junctions. Association with PARD3 may prevent the interaction of PARD3 with F11R/JAM1, thereby preventing tight junction assembly. The PARD6-PARD3 complex links GTP-bound Rho small GTPases to atypical protein kinase C proteins. Regulates centrosome organization and function. Essential for the centrosomal recruitment of key proteins that control centrosomal microtubule organization.
Gene References into Functions
In T84 cells, overexpression of Par-6 causes intestinal barrier dysfunction. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction and increase in Par-6 expression was prevented by AhR activation. PMID: 29992488
Studies indicate that the PAR3-PAR6-aPKC complex are important for the establishment of neuronal polarity [Review]. PMID: 29696344
Roles of partitioning-defective protein 6 (Par6) and its complexes in the proliferation, migration and invasion of cancer cells PMID: 28590507
Shp2 promotes metastasis of prostate cancer by attenuating the PAR3/PAR6/aPKC polarity protein complex and enhancing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition PMID: 26050620
TGFbeta induced Par6 phosphorylation on Ser345 and its recruitment to the leading edge of the membrane ruffle in migrating PC-3U cells, where it colocalised with aPKCzeta. The p-Par6-aPKCzeta complex is important for cell migration and invasion. PMID: 25756394
Data indicate that both tumor focality and Par3/Par6/atypical protein kinase C (APKC) expression were significantly associated with tumor recurrence. PMID: 21549621
BDNF can regulate formation of functional synapses by increasing the expression of the RhoA inhibitors, Par6C and Rnd3. PMID: 23762244
Morg1 facilitates Par6-aPKC binding to Crb3 for definition of apical identity of epithelial cells. PMID: 23439680
Par6 negatively regulates trophoblast fusion via its roles on tight junctions and cytoskeleton dynamics and provide novel insight into the contribution of this polarity marker in altered trophoblast cell fusion typical of preeclampsia. PMID: 23341197
Atypical protein kinase C kinase activity, as well as an association with PAR6, were found to be important for PAR6 phosphorylation. PMID: 23249950
Pak6 is a binding partner and a outatuve effector protein for the atypical rho GTPase cdc42 homologous protein. PMID: 22339630
Data show that DDR1 coordinates the Par3/Par6 cell-polarity complex through its carboxy terminus, binding PDZ domains in Par3 and Par6. PMID: 21170030
Par6alpha controls centrosome organization through its association with the dynactin subunit p150(Glued). PMID: 20719959
Partitioning-defective protein 6 associated constitutively with endogenous aPKCs. PMID: 14976222
crystal structure of the complex of PKCiota and Par6alpha PB1 domains to a resolution of 1.5 A PMID: 15590654
A rare A/G polymorphism in the promoter of the Par6alpha gene is associated with reduced fasting glycaemia, increased glucose tolerance and reduced serum nonesterified fatty Acids concentrations. PMID: 15744531
findings demonstrated that G-protein-activated phospholipase C-beta interacts with cell polarity proteins Par3 and Par6 to form protein complexes and to mediate downstream signal transduction PMID: 15782111
Studies in this review confirm that signaling by Par6alpha controls the migration of immature granule neurons down the Bergmann glial fibers into the internal granule cell layer in which they establish synaptic connections. PMID: 17050699
We provide evidence for the existence of a distinct PAR protein complex in endothelial cells. Both PAR-3 and PAR-6 associate directly with the adherens junction protein vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin). PMID: 17057644
Par6alpha-mediated inhibition of insulin-dependent glycogen synthesis in C2C12 cells depends on the direct interaction of Par6alpha with aPKC and on aPKC-mediated T34 phosphorylation of Akt1. PMID: 17335965
Par6 was characterized as a dual-location protein. PMID: 17420281
Shear stress-induced directed migratory polarity is modulated by exogenous growth factors and dependent on Par6 activity and shear stress direction in endothelial cells PMID: 17586613
In vivo binding studies identified a novel mechanism of Par6 interaction, suggesting that the cell polarity machinery may serve to spatially restrict Rit signaling. PMID: 17976838
Neph1-Nephrin proteins bind the Par3-Par6-atypical protein kinase C (aPKC) complex to regulate podocyte cell polarity PMID: 18562307
in addition to regulating cell polarization processes, Par6 is an inducer of cell proliferation in breast epithelial cells. PMID: 18922891
Ect2 and PKCiota are genetically and functionally linked in NSCLC, acting to coordinately drive tumor cell proliferation and invasion through formation of an oncogenic PKCiota-Par6alpha-Ect2 complex. PMID: 19617897
the TGFbeta-Par6 polarity pathway has a role in breast cancer progression PMID: 19667198