Recombinant Human Glutaminase liver isoform, mitochondrial (GLS2)

1. This study assessed the relation of GLS2 downregulation in glioblastoma cells to its methylation and TP53 status. Aberrant methylation of CpG islands, appear to contribute to silencing of GLS2 in glioblastoma cells by a mechanism bypassing TP53 mutations. PMID: 26258493
2. observe that while miR-23 is capable of down-regulating the shortened KGA 3'UTR, it has only minor impact on the full-length KGA 3'UTR, demonstrating that additional potent negative regulation of GLS expression exists beyond this single microRNA targeting site PMID: 27095025
3. the crystal structure of full-length KGA and present a small-angle X-ray scattering model for full-length GLS2. These structures explain these proteins' compromised ability to assemble into catalytically active supra-tetrameric filaments, as previously shown for GAC. PMID: 28526749
4. Cox multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that DUOX1, GLS2, FBP1 and age were independent risk factors for the prognosis of HCC patients after surgery PMID: 27079415
5. As a p53 target, GLS2 mediates p53's function in metastasis suppression through inhibiting Rac1. PMID: 26751560
6. IDO, through GCN2 kinase activation, downregulates the levels of TCRcomplex tchain and cMyc, resulting in the suppression of Tcell proliferation and a reduction in the levels of LDHA and GLS2 PMID: 26647830
7. GABAergic neurons and astrocytes express Gls and Gls2 isoenzymes in nucleus and mitochondria, in addition to glutamatergic neurons PMID: 25297978
8. Phosphate-activated glutaminase and GAD65/67 concentrations are compared in Alzheimer's disease cerebellum versus normal cerebellum controls PMID: 24950944
9. GLS2 expression is significantly decreased in hepatocellular carcinoma. PMID: 24797434
10. Silencing GLS or overexpressing GLS2 induces growth inhibition in glioma cell lines. PMID: 24276018
11. GLS2 is acting, at least in part, downstream of p73 in neuronal differentiation and highlight a possible role of p73 in regulating neurotransmitter synthesis. PMID: 24121663
12. combination of negative modulation of glutaminase isoforms arising from GLS gene with the introduction of the GLS2 gene product, GAB, may in the future provide a useful means to curb glioblastoma growth in situ PMID: 24096582
13. Epigenetic silencing of Gls2 via promoter hypermethylation is common in human liver and colon cancers. PMID: 24330717
14. The present study was to investigate the potent effect of GLS2 on radioresistance of cervical carcinoma. PMID: 23954443
15. GLS2 is a bona fide TAp63 target gene. PMID: 23574722
16. LGA circumvents, by an as yet unknown route, the most common mechanism of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) gene silencing. PMID: 22888977
17. Study demonstrated expression of alternative transcripts of the mammalian Gls2 gene. Transcriptional mechanisms giving rise to GLS2 variants and isolation of novel GLS2 transcripts in human, rat and mouse are presented. PMID: 22679499
18. GLS2 is resistant to BPTES; GLS1 mutants created reflecting differences between GLS2 and GLS1 sequence in region of BPTES binding; mutant proteins lost inhibition by BPTES; amino acid sequence alignment GLS2 versus GLS1 PMID: 22049910
19. as a unique p53 target gene, GLS2 is a mediator of p53's role in energy metabolism and antioxidant defense, which can contribute to its role in tumor suppression PMID: 20378837
20. Phosphate-activated glutaminase (GLS2) is a p53-inducible regulator of glutamine metabolism and reactive oxygen species PMID: 20351271
21. results show L-type glutaminase is expressed in the brain with a nuclear localization and that this nuclear enzyme is catalytically active and displays kinetic properties different from both liver and kidney glutaminases PMID: 12163477
22. Data describe the characterization of the human liver-type glutaminase (hLGA) gene. PMID: 12444921
23. High levels of glutamate were produced by monocyte-derived macrophages infected with HIV-1 strains and inhibited by a glutaminase inhibitor and AZT thus implicating a glutamate-generating enzyme such as phosphate-activated mitochondrial glutaminase PMID: 14675161
24. K glutaminase isoform is up-regulated with increased rates of proliferation in cancer cells, whereas prevalence of the L isoform seems to be related with resting or quiescent cell states PMID: 15496140
25. These data implicate mitochondrial glutaminase in the induction of glutamate-mediated neuronal apoptosis during HIV-associated dementia, and provides a possible therapeutic strategy for HAD treatment. PMID: 18088378
26. presence of LGA mRNA in transfected glioma cells coincided with depression of basic physiological parameters: Cell migration, proliferation, and survival as assessed with colony formation assay and the mitochondrial activity test PMID: 19062176

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HGNC: 29570

OMIM: 606365

KEGG: hsa:27165

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000310447

UniGene: Hs.212606