This PON1 protein is a semi-custom product. There are 5 expression system options: Yeast, E. coli, In Vivo Biotinylation in E. coli, Baculovirus, and Mammalian cell. Your requirements will be given top priority in determining the protein tags. For proteins within 800 aa, risk-free custom service is guaranteed. It means you will not be charged if the protein cannot be delivered.
PON1 is an enzyme closely associated with high-density lipoproteins (HDL) in the plasma. It plays a crucial role in protecting against the development of atherosclerosis by preventing lipoprotein oxidation and detoxifying organophosphate insecticides such as parathion and chlorpyrifos [1][2][3]. PON1 is mainly synthesized in the liver and found circulating in the plasma, related to HDL [3][4]. The enzyme hydrolyzes various aromatic carboxylic acid esters and several organophosphates [3]. Research has indicated that low PON1 activity is related to increased susceptibility to organophosphate toxicity, atherosclerosis, coronary events, mortality in surgical patients with sepsis, and abnormal enzyme activity in medical conditions such as idiopathic inflammatory myopathies [1][5][6][7]. Furthermore, PON1 activity has been linked to homocysteine thiolactone levels, childhood obesity, acetaminophen intoxication, alcohol consumption, and autism spectrum disorders [8][9][10][11].
References:
[1] D. Shih, L. Gu, Y. Xia, M. Navab, W. Li, S. Hamaet al., Mice lacking serum paraoxonase are susceptible to organophosphate toxicity and atherosclerosis, Nature, vol. 394, no. 6690, p. 284-287, 1998. https://doi.org/10.1038/28406
[2] W. Rock, R. Miller‐Lotan, A. Levy, M. Elias, & M. Aviram, Consumption of wonderful variety pomegranate juice and extract by diabetic patients increases paraoxonase 1 association with high-density lipoprotein and stimulates its catalytic activities, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, vol. 56, no. 18, p. 8704-8713, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf801756x
[3] D. Draganov, P. Stetson, C. Watson, S. Billecke, & B. Du, Rabbit serum paraoxonase 3 (pon3) is a high density lipoprotein-associated lactonase and protects low density lipoprotein against oxidation, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 275, no. 43, p. 33435-33442, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m004543200
[4] A. Rupérez, O. López-Guarnido, F. Gil, J. Olza, M. Gil-Campos, R. Leiset al., Paraoxonase 1 activities and genetic variation in childhood obesity, British Journal of Nutrition, vol. 110, no. 9, p. 1639-1647, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007114513001967
[5] B. Mackness, P. Durrington, P. McElduff, J. Yarnell, N. Azam, M. Wattet al., Low paraoxonase activity predicts coronary events in the caerphilly prospective study, Circulation, vol. 107, no. 22, p. 2775-2779, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.0000070954.00271.13
[6] S. Bojic, J. Kotur-Stevuljević, N. Kalezic, Z. Jelic-Ivanovic, A. Stefanović, I. Palibrket al., Low paraoxonase 1 activity predicts mortality in surgical patients with sepsis, Disease Markers, vol. 2014, p. 1-8, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/427378
[7] S. Bae, A. Shahbazian, J. Wang, I. Golub, B. Oganesian, T. Dowdet al., Abnormal paraoxonase-1 (pon1) enzyme activity in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, Rheumatology, vol. 61, no. 6, p. 2512-2523, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keab795
[8] J. Perła-Kaján, K. Borowczyk, R. Głowacki, O. Nygård, & H. Jakubowski, Paraoxonase 1 q192r genotype and activity affect homocysteine thiolactone levels in humans, The Faseb Journal, vol. 32, no. 11, p. 6019-6024, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.201800346r
[9] S. Karadas, M. Aslan, H. Gönüllü, C. Kati, L. Duran, S. Olmezet al., Acetaminophen intoxication is associated with decreased serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities and increased lipid hydroperoxide levels, Human & Experimental Toxicology, vol. 33, no. 11, p. 1134-1140, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1177/0960327113511477
[10] C. Schwedhelm, K. Nimptsch, A. Bub, T. Pischon, & J. Linseisen, Association between alcohol consumption and serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities: a cross-sectional study within the bavarian population, British Journal of Nutrition, vol. 115, no. 4, p. 730-736, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007114515004985
[11] S. Paşca, E. Dronca, B. Nemeş, T. Kaucsár, E. Endreffy, F. Ifteneet al., Paraoxonase 1 activities and polymorphisms in autism spectrum disorders, Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, vol. 14, no. 3, p. 600-607, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1582-4934.2008.00414.x
