Recombinant Mouse Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (Gip)

1. GIP stimulation induces a switch in GIPR recycling from a rapid endosomal to a slow trans-Golgi network (TGN) pathway. GPCR kinases and b-arrestin2 are required for this switch in recycling. PMID: 27974210
2. GIP provides a novel link between the immune system and the gut, with proinflammatory-immune modulatory function but minor glucose regulatory relevance in the context of acute endotoxemia. PMID: 27350651
3. our data suggest that the metabolic hormone GIP plays an important role in bone marrow hematopoiesis PMID: 28250160
4. It was demonstrated that cardiomyocytes represent a direct target of GIP action in vitro, and that GIP ameliorated AngII-induced cardiac hypertrophy via suppression of cardiomyocyte enlargement, apoptosis, and fibrosis in vivo. PMID: 27375170
5. The loss of food-induced GIP response in Roux-limb of intestine likely contributes to the attenuated serum GIP response to feeding. PMID: 26266950
6. GIP induces the expression of the proatherogenic cytokine osteopontin (OPN) in mouse arteries via local release of endothelin-1 and activation of CREB. GIPR mRNA is higher in symptomatic carotid endarterectomy patients. PMID: 26395740
7. These studies support the hypothesis that a reduction in GIP signaling using a GIP-neutralizing mAb might provide a useful method for the treatment and prevention of obesity and related disorders. PMID: 26487006
8. This study provides evidences that GIP acts directly on osteoblasts and is capable of improving collagen maturity and fibril diameter. PMID: 25582623
9. There was decrease in GIP gene transcripts and protein in the gut of HNF1a-null mice. PMID: 25979074
10. Circulating levels of GIP were significantly decreased in FABP5-deficient mice. PMID: 25268051
11. phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase gamma has a role in insulin secretion induced by glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide PMID: 25288806
12. The results describe key beneficial immunoregulatory properties for glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide in diet-induced obesity and reveal that its augmentation ameliorates adipose tissue inflammation and improves insulin resistance. PMID: 25217161
13. GIP-reduced mice demonstrate that partial reduction of GIP does not extensively alter glucose tolerance, but it alleviates obesity and lessens the degree of insulin resistance under high-fat diet conditions, suggesting a potential therapeutic value. PMID: 24584548
14. It was concluded from these observations that GIP, but not glucagon-like peptide-1, directly activates PepT1 activity by a cAMP-dependent signaling pathway in jejunum. PMID: 24072682
15. A novel acylated form of (d-Ala(2))GIP with improved antidiabetic potential, lacking effect on body fat stores. PMID: 23518200
16. The results indicated that ectopic glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide expression in pancreatic beta cells maintains insulin secretion in the absence of proglucagon-derived peptides, revealing a novel mechanism for sustaining incretin action. PMID: 23099862
17. Rfx6 increases GIP expression and content in enteroendocrine K-cells and is involved in GIP hypersecretion in high fat diet-induced obesity. PMID: 23192339
18. GIP signaling may play a role in early embryonic pancreas differentiation to form insulin-positive cells or beta-cells. PMID: 21270265
19. truncated forms of GIP exhibit potent anti-diabetic actions, without pro-obesity effects, and that the C-terminus contributes to the lipogenic actions of GIP PMID: 20231880
20. GIP is expressed in and secreted from pancreatic islets and promotes islet glucose competence and also could support islet development and/or survival. PMID: 20138041
21. substantial quantities of glycated GIP exist within the intestines of diabetic ob/ob mice, suggesting that this may be a contributing factor to the physiological disarray of this syndrome PMID: 11954659
22. a novel pathway of obesity promotion via GIP; GIP directly links overnutrition to obesity PMID: 12068290
23. Novel insulin/GIP co-producing cell lines provide unexpected insights into Gut K-cell function in vivo. PMID: 12124779
24. Calcium mobilization from intracellular and extracellular sources, independent from K(ATP) channels, regulates secretion from some, but not all, subpopulations of enteroendocrine cells. PMID: 12676650
25. GIP is the major insulinotropic factor in the secretion of insulin in response to glucose load in K(ATP) channel-deficient mice. PMID: 15362972
26. Transcription factor PDX-1 plays a critical role in the cell-specific expression of the GIP gene. PMID: 15486225
27. The physiological importance of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide has been investigated in single and double incretin receptor knockout mice. PMID: 15780432
28. PI3K/PKB/Foxo1 signaling mediates GIP suppression of bax gene expression, which is a key pathway by which GIP regulates beta-cell apoptosis in vivo PMID: 15817464
29. GIP plays a crucial role in switching from fat oxidation to fat accumulation under the diminished insulin action as a potential target for secondary prevention of insulin resistance PMID: 16105663
30. Because GIPR(-/-) mice exhibited an increased plasma calcium concentration after meal ingestion, GIP directly links calcium contained in meal to calcium deposition on bone. PMID: 16469773
31. Prohormone convertase 1/3 is essential for processing of the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide precursor PMID: 16476726
32. protein kinase B, LKB1, and AMP-activated protein kinase have roles in activation of lipoprotein lipase by glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide in adipocytes PMID: 17244606
33. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide inhibits bone resorption and stimulates bone formation PMID: 17321229
34. First characterization of the anatomical distribution of GIP-immunoreactive cells in the rat brain providing an anatomical framework for future investigations regarding the functions of GIP in the central nervous system. PMID: 17510976
35. Administration of resistin to adipocytes mimicked the effects of GIP on the PKB/LKB1/AMPK/LPL pathway: increasing phosphorylation of PKB, reducing levels of phosphorylated LKB1 and AMPK, and increasing LPL activity. PMID: 17890220
36. genetic inactivation of GIP signaling can prevent the development of aging-associated insulin resistance through body composition changes PMID: 17937928
37. GATA-4 may function to augment or enhance GIP expression rather than act as an initiator of GIP transcription. PMID: 18343025
38. Gpr40 modulates FFA-stimulated insulin secretion from beta-cells not only directly but also indirectly via regulation of incretin(GIP and GLP-1) secretion PMID: 18519800
39. The GIP-induced increase in glucose transport appears to be mediated, at least in part, by SGLT-1. PMID: 18719661
40. These results indicate that inhibition of GIP signaling increases adiponectin levels, resulting in increased fat oxidation in peripheral tissues under high-fat diet. PMID: 18723001

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KEGG: mmu:14607

STRING: 10090.ENSMUSP00000099445

UniGene: Mm.248452