Recombinant Mouse Growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 alpha (Gadd45a)

1. Gadd45a relaxes the promoter regions of miR-295 and promotes the expression of miR-295 during reprogramming, implying a concise mechanism of Gadd45a and miR-290 cluster cooperation in cell-fate determination. PMID: 29022923
2. Retinoic acid inhibits white adipogenesis by inducing retinoic acid receptor and ING1 interaction and inhibiting Gadd45a expression, which prevents GADD45A-mediated DNA demethylation. PMID: 28992291
3. identifed Gadd45a as a chromatin relaxer in embryonic fibroblasts, which also enhances somatic cell reprogramming efficiency; showed that residue glycine 39 in Gadd45a is essential for interacting with core histones, opening chromatin and enhancing reprogramming. demonstrateed that Gadd45a destabilizes histone-DNA interactions and facilitates binding of Yamanaka factors to their targets for activation PMID: 27702986
4. Data show that loss of growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible 45 alpha protein (Gadd45a) accelerates the onset of BCR-ABL driven leukemia in bone marrow recipient mice. PMID: 28086219
5. by forming a complex with MEKK4 in skeletal muscle fibers, Gadd45a increases MEKK4 protein kinase activity, which is both sufficient to induce skeletal muscle fiber atrophy and required for Gadd45a-mediated skeletal muscle fiber atrophy. PMID: 27358404
6. Gadd45a may counteract hepatic fi brosis by regulating the activation of hepatic stellate cells via the inhibition of TGF-beta/Smad signaling. PMID: 26973416
7. These data indicate that genotoxic stress-induced GADD45A expression in HSCs prevents their fatal transformation by directing them into differentiation and thereby clearing them from the system PMID: 26731607
8. provide the novel evidence that GADD45A inhibits autophagy via impairing the BECN1-PIK3C3 complex formation PMID: 26636486
9. Results suggest the possibility that differential Gadd45a, Gadd45b and Gadd45g expression during development affects neurons, contributing cortical evolution and diversity PMID: 25450958
10. GADD45a promoter regulation by a functional genetic variant is associated with acute mechanical lung injury. PMID: 24940746
11. results for the first time demonstrate that nucleolin-SUMO at K294R plays a critical role in its nucleus sequestration and gadd45alpha mRNA binding activity. PMID: 25561743
12. Dendrin is dispensable for the function of the normal glomerular filtration barrier, and it interacts with Wtip and Gadd45a. PMID: 24376653
13. Loss of Gadd45a leads to more DNA damage accumulation and increased sensitivity to ionizing radiation. PMID: 24371210
14. Signalling pathway analyses indicate that Gadd45a overexpression suppresses Akt, P38 and JNK phosphorylation. PMID: 23969889
15. results suggest Gadd45g is involved in the regulation of epithelial cell proliferation through induction of p21 via the p38 MAPK pathway during tooth germ development. PMID: 23751077
16. these results identify HDAC4 as an important regulator of Gadd45a in denervation-induced muscle atrophy and elucidate Gadd45a as a convergence point for distinct upstream regulators during muscle denervation and fasting. PMID: 23941879
17. Gadd45a inhibits tumor angiogenesis via blocking of the mTOR/STAT3 pathway. PMID: 23329839
18. The expression of Gadd45a in normal, developing brain is tightly regulated. PMID: 22970179
19. To examine the functions of Gadd45a in cell invasion and metastasis, we performed the adhesion, wound-healing and transwell assays in Gadd45a (+/+) and Gadd45a (-/-) MEF cell lines. PMID: 22825327
20. Gadd45a appears to function via its ability to activate the Jnk-dependent signaling pathway, which in turn mediates the proapoptotic functions of p53 following activation of the b-catenin signaling pathway. PMID: 22555459
21. Gadd45a reduces multiple barriers to muscle atrophy (including PGC-1alpha, Akt activity, and protein synthesis) and stimulates pro-atrophy mechanisms (including autophagy and caspase-mediated proteolysis). PMID: 22692209
22. these data highlight a novel role for both Gadd45a and Gadd45b in myeloid innate immune functions by differential modulation of p38 and JNK signaling in granulocytes compared to macrophages. PMID: 22307729
23. Gadd45a, Gadd45b and Gadd45g expression during mouse embryonic development. PMID: 21843656
24. novel role for GADD45a in the regulation of site-specific Akt ubiquitination and activation and implicate a significant functional role for GADD45a in the clinical predisposition to VILI. PMID: 21816939
25. GADD45A plays an essential role in gene-specific active DNA demethylation during adult stem cell differentiation PMID: 21917922
26. Data indicate that Gadd45alpha and Jnk1 showed significant inverse expression changes in different tissues compared to the Nfkappab p65. PMID: 21471541
27. Activation of the JNK-p53-GADD45alpha cascade played a critical role in mediating oxidative cytotoxicity in hippocampal neurons PMID: 20955365
28. Findings indicate that Gadd45a functions as either tumor promoter or suppressor, is dependent on the oncogenic stress, and is mediated via distinct signaling pathways. PMID: 21098706
29. GADD45a is a negative regulator of T cell proliferation following TCR-mediated activation. Lack of Gadd45a leads to the spontaneous development of a lupus-like syndrome. PMID: 11970874
30. GADD45a regulates G2/M arrest, DNA repair, and cell death in keratinocytes following ultraviolet exposure. PMID: 12164919
31. are induced by acute hypertonicity in murine kidney collecting duct cells PMID: 12372778
32. Gadd45alpha has a role in the density-dependent G1 arrest induced by p27(Kip1) PMID: 12833139
33. Gadd45a-deficient mice show an increased frequency of homologous recombination at different stages during development. PMID: 14500365
34. DNA-damage-inducible gene Gadd45a is common in Ptch1-associated medulloblastoma and patched1 null embryos. PMID: 15201996
35. Gadd45alpha/beta induction transiently increases early caspase 3/7 and annexin V binding but inhibits later stages of apoptosis during severe hyperosmolality PMID: 15262964
36. a novel protein-protein interaction was observed between TAFII70 (not TAFII80) and GADD45a PMID: 15328371
37. inhibition of Ikkbeta-NF-kappaB signaling up-regulates the expression of gadd45alpha mNRA through a post-transcriptional mechanism PMID: 15721278
38. Gadda inhibits the T-cell alternative p38 activation pathway. PMID: 15735649
39. Gadd45a is required for proper S-phase control and checkpoints under multiple conditions of nutrient deprivation PMID: 15846075
40. Deletion of Gadd45a alone does not lead to increased lung tumors in mice, but coupled with an XPC deletion, it results in lung tumor progression PMID: 16141330
41. Hematopoietic cells from Gadd45a-deficient mice are sensitized to genotoxic-stress- induced apoptosis. PMID: 16170381
42. Increased genetic liability to exencephaly in Gadd45a/Trp53- and Gadd45a/Cdkn1a-null embryos may be related to the disruption of multiple cellular pathways associated with Gadd45a and p53. PMID: 16470852
43. Though Gadd45 and p53 play roles in osmotically stressed renal inner medullary collecting duct (mIMCD3) cells, their expression makes no difference for Gadd45 in slower proliferating p2mIME cells or for Gadd45 or p53 in normal medullary epithelial cells. PMID: 16597604
44. in hematopoietic cells exposed to UV radiation Gaddd45a and Gadd45b cooperate to promote cell survival via two distinct signaling pathways PMID: 16636063
45. data indicate that both gadd45a and gadd45b play a role in modulating physiological stress responses of myeloid cells to acute stimulation with differentiating cytokines, myelo-ablation and inflammation PMID: 16732331
46. Gadd45a interacts with aurora-A and inhibits its kinase activity PMID: 16772293
47. Gadd45a contribute to increase in apoptosis and Ras-induced senescence in mammary cancer. PMID: 16951155
48. Gadd45alpha has tissue-specific and opposing functions on p38 activity, and Gadd45alpha-regulated p38 activation in DCs is a critical event in Th1 polarization in vivo. PMID: 17371971
49. Taken together, these results suggest that upregulation of Gadd45a explains one of the mechanisms whereby VPA induces the neurotrophic effect, providing a new role of Gadd45a in neurite outgrowth. PMID: 17428471
50. Gadd45a may be a key component gene of the p53 pathway involved in protection from carcinogenic base damage and maintenance of genomic stability. PMID: 17599061

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KEGG: mmu:13197

STRING: 10090.ENSMUSP00000044034

UniGene: Mm.72235