Recombinant Mouse Haptoglobin (Hp)

1. Both immunoblot analyses and enzymelinked immunosorbent assays confirmed the increased concentration of haptoglobin in crude mdx4cv serum. This suggests that haptoglobin, in conjunction with other altered serum proteins, represents a novel diagnostic, prognostic and/or therapymonitoring biomarker candidate to evaluate the inflammatory response in the mdx4cv animal model of dystrophinopathy. PMID: 28440464
2. Data show that zonulin-dependent small intestinal barrier impairment is an early step leading to the break of tolerance with subsequent development of chronic inflammatory diseases (CIDs). PMID: 28423466
3. the interaction between haptoglobin genotype and vitamin E affects atherosclerotic plaque progression and stability PMID: 25618031
4. Suggest haptoglobin is an enhancer of inflammation after cardiac transplantation, contributing to graft rejection. PMID: 25801896
5. Zonulin facilitates development of acute lung injury (ALI) both by enhancing albumin leak and complement activation as well as increased buildup of neutrophils and cytokines during development of ALI. PMID: 23564505
6. Haptoglobin deficiency is associated with leakage-prone vessels via isolated VEGFA induction and/or suppressed Ang-1 expression, resulting in unbalanced VEGFalpha/Ang-1 transcription. PMID: 23274064
7. Hp generated by the B-cell compartment, rather than by the liver, is functionally contributing to a normal immune response. PMID: 23548836
8. the Hp2-2 protein is involved in aneurysm formation and that the Hp genotype may be a useful biomarker in predicting aneurysm progression PMID: 23096414
9. Experimental models of colitis showed that haptoglobin has a protective role in inflammatory colitis PMID: 21708824
10. these studies provide direct evidence that the increased oxidative stress in Hp 2-2 atherosclerotic plaques is due to hemoglobin derived iron. PMID: 19775690
11. Synthetic PPAR gamma ligands selectively activate PPAR gamma bound to the haptoglobin gene promoter to arrest haptoglobin gene transcription. PMID: 19952271
12. Hp may be regarded as a regulator of the Th1/Th2 balance in both human and murine immune systems. PMID: 11865978
13. Hp plays a pivotal role in reducing renal oxidative damage during haemolysis. PMID: 11865980
14. Haptoglobin gene expression regulation PMID: 11865981
15. haptoglobin and hemopexin together are essential for protection from splenomegaly and liver fibrosis resulting from intravascular hemolysis PMID: 12393471
16. the haptoglobin gene expression in adipocytes is stimulated by inflammatory cytokines, glucocorticoids, and the sympathetic system PMID: 14697247
17. haptoglobin-mediated heme-iron recovery may contribute significantly to iron loading in hemochromatosis PMID: 15613548
18. a direct linkage between diabetic vascular disease and the Hp genotype. PMID: 15852445
19. Increased prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in individuals with the haptoglobin 2 genotype. PMID: 16742000
20. Increased iron, lipid peroxidation and macrophage accumulation in ApoE-/- Hp 2-2 plaques suggests that the haptoglobin genotype plays a critical role in the oxidative and inflammatory response to intraplaque hemorrhage. PMID: 17068284
21. The reduction in reverse cholesterol transport associated with diabetes mellitus was significantly greater in Hp2-2 mice as compared with Hp1-1 mice PMID: 17082477
22. results suggest that correct processing of haptoglobin may be sensitive to ER stress & that, in absence of GRP78-mediated assistance, Hp is degraded; data show that iron regulates haptoglobin synthesis & suggest possible link with iron-induced ER stress PMID: 17644369
23. Suggest that haptoglobin, by controlling plasma levels of hemoglobin, participates in the regulation of ferroportin expression, thus contributing to the regulation of iron transfer from duodenal mucosa to plasma. PMID: 17919498
24. the Hp 2-2 genotype is critical for the development of severe vasospasm, which typically occurs 24 hours after SAH in mice PMID: 17962599
25. The phenotype of Hp-deficient mice suggests a major regulatory activity for Hp in supporting proliferation and functional differentiation of B and T cells as part of homeostasis and in response to antigen stimulation. PMID: 18436583
26. Pharmacogenomic effect of vitamin E on kidney structure and function in transgenic mice with the haptoglobin 2-2 genotype and diabetes mellitus. PMID: 19176700
27. HDL can become proinflammatory via the hemoglobin x Hp pathway in mice and humans PMID: 19433579
28. In diabetic mice the Hp 2-2 genotype is associated with increased mortality and more severe cardiac remodeling 30 days after myocardial infarct. PMID: 19490627
29. Results suggest that HP plays a modulatory and protective role on autoimmune inflammation of the CNS. PMID: 19795414

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KEGG: mmu:15439

STRING: 10090.ENSMUSP00000074436

UniGene: Mm.26730