Recombinant Rat Apelin (Apln)

Code CSB-YP001909RA
MSDS
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Source Yeast
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Code CSB-EP001909RA
MSDS
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Source E.coli
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Code CSB-EP001909RA-B
MSDS
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Source E.coli
Conjugate Avi-tag Biotinylated
E. coli biotin ligase (BirA) is highly specific in covalently attaching biotin to the 15 amino acid AviTag peptide. This recombinant protein was biotinylated in vivo by AviTag-BirA technology, which method is BriA catalyzes amide linkage between the biotin and the specific lysine of the AviTag.
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Code CSB-BP001909RA
MSDS
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Source Baculovirus
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Code CSB-MP001909RA
MSDS
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Source Mammalian cell
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Product Details

Purity
>85% (SDS-PAGE)
Target Names
Apln
Uniprot No.
Alternative Names
Apln; ApelApelin; APJ endogenous ligand) [Cleaved into: Apelin-36; Apelin-31; Apelin-28; Apelin-13]
Species
Rattus norvegicus (Rat)
Expression Region
42-77
Target Protein Sequence
LVKPRTSRT GPGAWQGGRR KFRRQRPRLS HKGPMPF
Protein Length
Cytoplasmic domain
Tag Info
Tag type will be determined during the manufacturing process.
The tag type will be determined during production process. If you have specified tag type, please tell us and we will develop the specified tag preferentially.
Form
Lyophilized powder
Note: We will preferentially ship the format that we have in stock, however, if you have any special requirement for the format, please remark your requirement when placing the order, we will prepare according to your demand.
Buffer before Lyophilization
Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0
Reconstitution
We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20℃/-80℃. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference.
Troubleshooting and FAQs
Storage Condition
Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Shelf Life
The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself.
Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Lead Time
Delivery time may differ from different purchasing way or location, please kindly consult your local distributors for specific delivery time.
Note: All of our proteins are default shipped with normal blue ice packs, if you request to ship with dry ice, please communicate with us in advance and extra fees will be charged.
Notes
Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.
Datasheet
Please contact us to get it.

Customer Reviews and Q&A

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Target Background

Function
Endogenous ligand for the apelin receptor (APLNR). Drives internalization of the apelin receptor. Apelin-36 dissociates more hardly than (pyroglu)apelin-13 from APLNR. Hormone involved in the regulation of cardiac precursor cell movements during gastrulation and heart morphogenesis. Has an inhibitory effect on cytokine production in response to T-cell receptor/CD3 cross-linking; the oral intake of apelin in the colostrum and the milk might therefore modulate immune responses in neonates. Plays a role in early coronary blood vessels formation. Mediates myocardial contractility in an ERK1/2-dependent manner. May also have a role in the central control of body fluid homeostasis by influencing vasopressin release and drinking behavior.
Gene References into Functions
  1. Appropriate concentration of apelin may reduce retinal microglial cells in a rat model of oxygen-induced retinopathy of prematurity. PMID: 29091306
  2. Study shows that apelin-13 significantly attenuates cognitive impairments in 6-OHDA-treated animals. The data support the pro-cognitive property of apelin-13 in 6-OHDA-induced cognitive deficit and provided a new pharmacological aspect of the neuropeptide apelin. PMID: 29329678
  3. apelin effects on dynamic mechanical characteristics of single ventricular cardiomyocytes PMID: 28935153
  4. The present study describes the role of spinal apelin in the processing of neuropathic pain induced by chronic constriction of the sciatic nerve, and elucidates receptor and intracellular mechanisms underlying apelin-mediated pain modulation. PMID: 28627589
  5. Apelin is an important regulator of aortic remodeling and adventitial fibrosis and a promising target for vasoprotective therapies. PMID: 27773659
  6. Apelin in 40 and 60mug/kg doses increased cardiac contractility, and reduced mean arterial pressure. PMID: 28987634
  7. In type 2 diabetic rats, exercise improved body composition, skeletal muscle capillarization and increased plasma apelin levels. PMID: 28164323
  8. High fat diet causes significant increases in the expression of apelin and apelin receptor mRNA in the left ventricle. PMID: 27378063
  9. Electroacupuncture stimulation could alleviate inflammatory pain, at least in part, by restoring apelin and APJ mRNA and protein expression levels, which are downregulated in the complete Freund's adjuvant pain model. PMID: 27632349
  10. Apelin-36-[L28C(30kDa-PEG)] provides a starting point for the development of diabetes therapeutics that are devoid of the blood pressure effects associated with canonical APJ activation PMID: 27994053
  11. Apelin stimulates basal plasma cholecystokinin release and some pancreatic and gastric enzymes activity in adult rats. PMID: 27512001
  12. The present study suggests a theoretical basis for the effects of apelin13 and provides insight into the potential clinical application of apelin-13. PMID: 27109054
  13. It seems that apelin alone may improve cardiac function in hypothyroid rats via genomic pathways. PMID: 27663841
  14. apelin-13 promotes H9c2 rat cardiomyocyte hypertrophy via PI3K-Akt-ERK1/2-p70S6K and PI3K-induced autophagy PMID: 26607438
  15. PI3K/Akt/FoxO3a signaling may be involved in apelin induced vascular smooth muscle cell migration. PMID: 26494002
  16. Apelin controls fetal and neonatal glucose homeostasis and is altered by fetal growth restriction induced by maternal undernutrition. PMID: 26631739
  17. Central endogenous apelin mediates stress-induced changes in gastric and colonic motor functions through APJ receptor PMID: 26680735
  18. Apelin-13 did increase ERK phosphorylation through the PI3K/Akt and PKC signaling pathways, resulting in changes in Egr-1 expression. PMID: 26546817
  19. Reduction of serum apelin plays a role in the pathophysiology and cardiac failure of Goldblatt hypertension. PMID: 25708823
  20. Apela binds directly to APJ and acts through the Gi pathway. Apela is expressed exclusively in adult kidney and regulates fluid homeostasis PMID: 25995451
  21. Apelin enhances not only the differentiation and metabolic activity of brown adipocytes but also the browning of white adipocytes. PMID: 25931124
  22. A high fat diet and chronic stress resulted in significant suppression of the central pressor action of apelin. PMID: 25311903
  23. Apelin-13 and APJ in the paraventricular nucleus contribute to hypertension via sympathetic activation and arginine vasopressin release in the paraventricular nucleus PMID: 24995933
  24. study indicates that the beta-arrestin-dependent ERK1/2 activation and not the Gi-dependent signaling may participate in K17F-induced BP decrease PMID: 25012663
  25. Apelin exerts its effect via its G-protein-coupled receptor (APLNR) and is solely expressed by pulmonary vascular endothelial cells. PMID: 24363088
  26. It has been implicated in obesity-related hypertension. PMID: 24770651
  27. Apelin-13 inhibits BK(Ca) channel via a PI3-kinase-dependent signaling pathway in cerebral artery VSM cells, which may contribute to its regulatory action in the control of vascular tone. PMID: 24386141
  28. The early effect of biliopancreatic diversion on resuming insulin resistance in rats may be associated with rapid modification of neurohormonal mechanisms involving PYY, apelin and visfatin, rather than with caloric restriction as proposed recently. PMID: 24304571
  29. Apelin protects sarcoplasmic reticulum function and cardiac performance during I/R by attenuating oxidation of sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase and RyR. PMID: 23771946
  30. The mRNA level of apelin and apelin receptor were determined in the heart and aorta tissue by real-time polymerase chain reaction, respectively. It was found that apelin reduces blood pressure in DOCA-salt rats. PMID: 23387534
  31. results strongly suggest that apelin is associated with the development of diabetic retinopathy and contributes to changes in the retinas of diabetic rats PMID: 23874984
  32. Apelin acts in the subfornical organ to influence neuronal excitability and cardiovascular function. PMID: 23629509
  33. Apelin-13 induced the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells as well as the upregulation of osteopontin via the upregulation of Egr-1. PMID: 23973488
  34. Data show that the expression of apelin mRNA and protein in ischemic and non-ischemic kidneys was increased significantly; the expression of APJ mRNA and protein in ischemic kidneys had no significance, while that in non-ischemic kidneys was decreased. PMID: 23668014
  35. Physical exercise decreased apelin expression and elevated APJ expression in pulmonary tissues of rats with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. PMID: 22493882
  36. The glomerular expression of apelin increased significantly in adriamycin (ADR)-induced nephrotic rats and was correlated with urine protein. PMID: 22081427
  37. apelin-12 stimulates gastric acid secretion through an increase in histamine release and synthesis from gastric mucosa, suggesting that apelin might play a role in the secretion of gastric acid or serve as a regulating factor of the secretion of gastric acid PMID: 22209991
  38. At term, plasma levels of apelin were not modulated by maternal hypertension but APJ expression was increased in placenta and lung but reduced in heart. PMID: 22446510
  39. Under hypoxic stress, apelin mRNA expression increased and APJ mRNA also up-regulated, whereas they both down-regulated during glucose deprivation. PMID: 22240274
  40. Apelin was also expressed in the neurons of experimental and control rats; it gradually increased in the experimental rat post-seizure and reached a stable high level in chronic epileptic phase. PMID: 21864607
  41. these findings highlight the inhibitory role of apelin as an autocrine/paracrine peptide acting on oxytocin neurons during breastfeeding. PMID: 21733827
  42. Maternal circulating apelin drops considerably between mid- and late- pregnancy owing to faster clearance. PMID: 20580085
  43. While apelin/APJ myocardial expression decreases, apelin plasma levels increase in left ventricular hypertrophy PMID: 20055692
  44. Apelin protects against ischemic cardiomyocyte apoptosis via activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway. PMID: 20079140
  45. data support a role for the apelin-APJ system in the regulation of smooth muscle, epithelial and goblet cell function in the GI tract PMID: 19660504
  46. data suggest a role for apelin in the regulation of vasopressin-containing neurons PMID: 12787050
  47. Apelin was shown to stimulate gastric cell proliferation and also stimulated CCK secretion from a murine enteroendocrine cell line (STC-1); apelin-stimulated CCK secretion is mediated through MAPK but not by intracellular Ca(2+) signaling. PMID: 14670994
  48. dehydration-induced release of AVP from magnocellular hypothalamic neurons may be responsible for the observed increase in immunoreactive apelin levels within the same neurons PMID: 15166125
  49. apelin acts as a potent diuretic neuropeptide counteracting AVP actions through inhibition of AVP neuron activity and AVP release. PMID: 15231996
  50. Injections of apelin-13 and apelin-12 (15 microg/kg) into spontaneously hypertensive rats lowered systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Apelin-13(F13A) revealed a loss of function. PMID: 15486224

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Subcellular Location
Secreted. Secreted, extracellular space.
Protein Families
Apelin family
Tissue Specificity
Expressed in the lung, testis, ovary, uterus and mammary gland. Expressed in neurons in the thalamic paraventricular and hypothalamic supraoptic nuclei. The lung, testis and uterus mainly contain a large form that looks like apelin-36, whereas the mammary
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