Product Details

Uniprot No.

Target Names

Alternative Names

Transcription factor A, mitochondrial (mtTFA) (Mitochondrial transcription factor 1) (MtTF1) (Transcription factor 6) (TCF-6) (Transcription factor 6-like 2), TFAM, TCF6 TCF6L2

Species Reactivity

Human

Immunogen

A synthesized peptide from human TFAM protein

Immunogen Species

Homo sapiens (Human)

Conjugate

Non-conjugated

Clonality

Monoclonal

Isotype

Rabbit IgG

Clone No.

11G5

Purification Method

Affinity-chromatography

Concentration

It differs from different batches. Please contact us to confirm it.

Buffer

Rabbit IgG in 10mM phosphate buffered saline , pH 7.4, 150mM sodium chloride, 0.05% BSA, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol.

Form

Liquid

Tested Applications

ELISA, WB, IHC, FC

Recommended Dilution

Application	Recommended Dilution
WB	1:500-1:2000
IHC	1:50-1:200
FC	1:50-1:200

Protocols

ELISA Protocol
Western Blotting(WB) Protocol
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) Protocol
Flow Cytometry (FC) Protocol

Troubleshooting and FAQs

Antibody FAQs

Storage

Upon receipt, store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze.

Lead Time

Basically, we can dispatch the products out in 1-3 working days after receiving your orders. Delivery time maybe differs from different purchasing way or location, please kindly consult your local distributors for specific delivery time.

Description

Mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) serves as a master regulator of mitochondrial DNA maintenance and expression, playing essential roles in mtDNA replication, transcription initiation, and nucleoid organization. As a key player in mitochondrial biogenesis and cellular energy metabolism, TFAM has become an important research target in studies of metabolic disorders, cancer biology, neurodegeneration, and aging-related processes.

This recombinant rabbit monoclonal antibody, clone 11G5, offers the reproducibility and consistency that demanding experimental workflows require. Generated against a synthetic peptide derived from human TFAM, the recombinant production method ensures sequence-defined specificity and eliminates the lot-to-lot variability that can complicate longitudinal studies or multi-site collaborations.

Validation across multiple platforms demonstrates this antibody's versatility in your research applications. Western blot analysis confirms reliable detection in human cell lines including HT-29 colorectal adenocarcinoma, K562 chronic myelogenous leukemia, MCF-7 breast cancer, and Jurkat T-cell leukemia cells, with an observed band at approximately 24 kDa. The difference from the predicted 29 kDa molecular weight likely reflects post-translational processing or the protein's mitochondrial import sequence cleavage. Immunohistochemistry validation in paraffin-embedded human colorectal cancer and thyroid tissue sections shows clear staining patterns suitable for tissue-based studies. Flow cytometry analysis in Raji cells further extends its utility for single-cell quantification approaches.

Whether investigating mitochondrial dysfunction in disease models, exploring metabolic reprogramming in cancer, or characterizing cellular stress responses, this TFAM antibody provides a dependable tool for researchers working across western blotting, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and ELISA applications.

Usage

For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.

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Target Background

Function

Binds to the mitochondrial light strand promoter and functions in mitochondrial transcription regulation. Component of the mitochondrial transcription initiation complex, composed at least of TFB2M, TFAM and POLRMT that is required for basal transcription of mitochondrial DNA. In this complex, TFAM recruits POLRMT to a specific promoter whereas TFB2M induces structural changes in POLRMT to enable promoter opening and trapping of the DNA non-template strand. Required for accurate and efficient promoter recognition by the mitochondrial RNA polymerase. Promotes transcription initiation from the HSP1 and the light strand promoter by binding immediately upstream of transcriptional start sites. Is able to unwind DNA. Bends the mitochondrial light strand promoter DNA into a U-turn shape via its HMG boxes. Required for maintenance of normal levels of mitochondrial DNA. May play a role in organizing and compacting mitochondrial DNA.

Gene References into Functions

Study shows that the human mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) is a versatile G-quadruplex (G4s) binding protein. These TFAM-G4 interactions suggest functional recognition of G4s in the mitochondria. PMID: 28276514
CTGF can reduce glycolysis and mitochondrial OXPHOS pathways by increasing mtTFA protein degradation and in turn reduces cancer migration and invasion in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). PMID: 28438434
radiation stimulated the levels of TFAM mRNA and protein. PMID: 29856906
Two tag SNPs of TFAM and POLG were associated with multibacillary leprosy in Han Chinese from Southwest China. PMID: 28958595
Data revealed that TFAM expression level was regulated by TP73-AS1/miR-200a axis in breast cancer cells. PMID: 28639399
Study clearly shows that hTFAM efficiently breaks the mitochondria-mediated vicious cycle in both Alzheimer's disease (AD) model neurons and mouse brains, resulting in an effective improvement of the AD pathophysiology including Abeta accumulation and cognitive dysfunction. PMID: 27897204
these findings establish a new link between HIF-2alpha and MAPK-signaling that mediates the adaptive regulation of mitochondrial gene expression under low oxygen tension. PMID: 28709643
the results presented in this study obviously provided the evidence that TFAM was upregulated in glioma cell line and glioma tissue specimens. Therefore TFAM may be a novel diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for glioma and other cancer. PMID: 28440425
Biotinylated TMP interacts with TFAM. PMID: 28465355
TFAM polymorphisms (rs1937, rs1049432, and rs11006132) as well as their haplotypes did not show significant association with aggressiveness of prostate cancer in overweight or obese men. PMID: 27843028
results suggest a nucleation-cooperativity-based mechanism for sensitive detection of mitochondrial DNA and pathogen genomes, and identify HMGB/TFAM proteins as DNA-structuring host factors; they provide an explanation for the peculiar cGAS dimer structure and suggest that cGAS preferentially binds incomplete nucleoid-like structures or bent DNA PMID: 28902841
p53 might incrase mtDNA copy number through its regulation on TFAM expression via TFAMpromoter. PMID: 27732955
TFAM is a gene regulator that acts to mitigate calcium mishandling and ROS production by wrapping around mitochondrial DNA complexes. TFAM's regulatory functions over serca2a, NFAT, and Lon protease contribute to cardiomyocyte stability. [review] PMID: 27166683
The results suggest that a high mtTFA expression is a useful marker for tumor progression and a poor prognosis in left-sided colorectal cancer patients. PMID: 29277826
Study reports crystal structures of human mitochondrial transcription initiation complexes assembled on both light and heavy strand promoters. The structures reveal how transcription factors TFAM and TFB2M assist mitochondrial RNA polymerase to achieve promoter-dependent initiation. PMID: 29149603
TFAM is essential for transcription, replication and packaging of mtDNA into nucleoids. Tfam knockout mice display embryonic lethality secondary to severe mtDNA depletion. In this report, for the first time, we associate a homozygous variant in TFAM with a novel mtDNA depletion syndrome. PMID: 27448789
Tissue microarray (TMA) data showed that elevated expression of TFAM was related to the histological grade and TNM stage of NSCLC patients. PMID: 26820294
The authors did not find statistically significant differences in the genotype frequencies for the TFAM +35G/C polymorphism between women with polycystic ovary syndrome and controls and found that mtDNA copy number is not associated with TFAM+35G/C SNP in polycystic ovary syndrome patients. PMID: 29030253
Alleles in mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) and AP endonuclease 1 (APE1) are associated with reduced cognitive performance. PMID: 28242328
In vivo, AICAR significantly reduced osteosarcoma growth without apparent body weight loss and AICAR increased both mitochondrial proliferation and apoptotic activity in treated tumor tissues. AICAR showed anticancer effects in osteosarcoma cells through an AMPK-dependent peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor-gamma coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1alpha)/mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM)/mitochondrial pathway PMID: 27878239
the present study identified the interaction of miR-590-3p and TFAM in colon cancer. TFAM was identified as a target of miR-590-3p, and miR-590-3p enhanced the proliferation of SW480 cells. PMID: 27878255
The results of the present study provided evidence that resistance to cisplatin chemotherapy in ERpositive breast cancer may be through TFAM and indicated that TFAM may be a target for chemoresistance in patients with breast cancer. PMID: 27779689
miR-199a-3p is able to attenuate cisplatin resistance in breast cancer cells through inhibiting TFAM expression. PMID: 28126676
We conducted a meta-analysis of studies involving CHAT, TFAM, and VR22 polymorphisms and Alzheimer disease susceptibility. For TFAM and VR22, no significant association was detected in studied single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).Rs1937 and rs2306604 of TFAM, are not significantly associated with AD risk. PMID: 27272392
Results showed that TFAM formed oligomers in mitochondria by in situ chemical cross-linking and suggested the importance of the dimerization of TFAM molecules in the distribution of mtDNA in cells. PMID: 26445116
Report failed upregulation of TFAM protein and mitochondrial DNA in oxidatively deficient fibers in skeletal muscle of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. PMID: 26893822
our results revealed that stimulation of mitochondrial biogenesis by carvedilol resulted in functional gain of the mitochondria by showing increased oxygen consumption and mitochondrial respiratory rate. PMID: 26797282
Data show that mtTFA proteins are highly expressed in cancer and drug-resistant cells compared to normal cells, and the mtTFA expression is upregulated by signals of oxidative and DNA damage stress in cancer cells. [review] PMID: 26307971
TFAM overexpression suppressed mitoROS and their upregulation in rat cardiomyocytes. PMID: 25822152
TFAM dimerization enhances mitochondrial DNA compaction by promoting looping of the DNA. PMID: 24435062
The combination of strong mtTFA expression and a high survivin index may predict a poor prognosis in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma PMID: 25108120
expression of PGC1alpha and TFAM varies between ovarian carcinoma subtypes; clear-cell carcinoma consists of undetectability of PGC1alpha/TFAM, and low ERalpha/Ki-67. high-grade serous carcinomas had a converse state of PGC1alpha/TFAM, ERalpha positivity and high Ki-67 index PMID: 25243473
Methylation of TFAM promoters changed 2 days after gastric bypass. PMID: 24837562
These data disclose a novel mechanism by which ERK1/2 regulates mitochondrial function through direct phosphorylation of TFAM. PMID: 24768991
indicating that miRNA-214 and MTFA may become important candidates for developing promising therapeutic strategies for the treatment of cervical cancer PMID: 25556274
Data suggest that miitochondrial transcription factor A (mtTFA) may be a novel target for the treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). PMID: 24622070
The results suggest that the expression of mtTFA mRNA and protein is down-regulated in the lung tissue from the COPD patients with squamous cell lung cancer, and the level of mtTFA protein is related to apoptosis of pulmonary vascular endothelial cells. PMID: 24367550
The mitochondria targeting sequence-deficient hTFAM also repressed Tfam promoter activity to the same degree as hTFAM. PMID: 24875355
These data show that the TFAM SNP rs2306604 A allele may be a risk factor for Parkinson's disease dementia, particularly in males, but not for dementia with Lewy bodies PMID: 24184878
The results reveal the organization of TFAM, POLRMT and TFB2M around the light-strand promoter and represent the first structural characterization of the entire mitochondrial transcriptional initiation complex. PMID: 24413562
results demonstrate that TFAM uniformly coats the whole mitochondrial genome, with no evidence of robust TFAM binding to the nuclear genome PMID: 23991223
Taken together, our data suggested that TFAM plays a crucial role in regulating mtDNA amplification and mitochondrial biogenesis under IR conditions. PMID: 23645454
overexpression of miRNA-23b in U251 cells markedly inhibited the proliferation, cell cycle progression, migration and colony formation, while overexpression of TFAM significantly enhanced these biological processes PMID: 24002170
In cells with normal mitochondrial DNA levels, phosphorylated TFAM is degraded by Lon. PMID: 23201127
TFAM protein sliding and DNA denaturation are essential for mitochondrial DNA organization. PMID: 22910359
Findings suggest that transcription factor A (TFAM) is absolutely required to recruit the transcription machinery during initiation of transcription. PMID: 23012404
The expression of TFAM protein was not significantly reduced in ClpX-knockdown cells. PMID: 22841477
Recombinant TFAM increased mitochondrial DNA and abolished the activation of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT), which is well known to activate pathological hypertrophy. PMID: 22709542
study demonstrates that mtDNA damage is involved in liver damage in extrahepatic cholestatic patients. The mtDNA damage is attributable to the loss of TFAM PMID: 22306509
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) contribute to sterile immune responses by recognizing the mitochondrial component of necrotic cells (TFAM), with TFAM and mitochondrial DNA as likely mediators of pDC activation. PMID: 22675199

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Involvement in disease

Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 15, hepatocerebral type (MTDPS15)

Subcellular Location

Mitochondrion. Mitochondrion matrix, mitochondrion nucleoid.

Database Links

HGNC: 11741

OMIM: 600438

KEGG: hsa:7019

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000420588

UniGene: Hs.594250

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Code	CSB-RA153253A0HU
Size	US$210
	Order now
Image	Western Blot Positive WB detected in: HT-29 whole cell lysate(30µg), K562 whole cell lysate(30µg), MCF-7 whole cell lysate(30µg), Jurkat whole cell lysate(30µg) All lanes: TFAM antibody at 1:1000 Secondary Goat polyclonal to rabbit IgG at 1/40000 dilution Predicted band size: 29 kDa Observed band size: 24 kDa Exposure time：2min IHC image of CSB-RA153253A0HU diluted at 1:100 and staining in paraffin-embedded human colorectal cancer performed on a Leica BondTM system. After dewaxing and hydration, antigen retrieval was mediated by high pressure in a citrate buffer (pH 6.0). Section was blocked with 10% normal goat serum 30min at RT. Then primary antibody (1% BSA) was incubated at 4°C overnight. The primary is detected by a Goat anti-rabbit polymer IgG labeled by HRP and visualized using 0.05% DAB. IHC image of CSB-RA153253A0HU diluted at 1:100 and staining in paraffin-embedded human thyroid tissue performed on a Leica BondTM system. After dewaxing and hydration, antigen retrieval was mediated by high pressure in a citrate buffer (pH 6.0). Section was blocked with 10% normal goat serum 30min at RT. Then primary antibody (1% BSA) was incubated at 4°C overnight. The primary is detected by a Goat anti-rabbit polymer IgG labeled by HRP and visualized using 0.05% DAB. Overlay Peak curve showing Raji cells stained with CSB-RA153253A0HU (red line) at 1:100. The cells were fixed in 4% formaldehyde and permeated by 0.2% TritonX-100 for 10min. Then 10% normal goat serum to block non-specific protein-protein interactions followed by the antibody (1ug/110⁶cells) for 45min at 4℃. The secondary antibody used was FITC-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) at 1/200 dilution for 35min at 4℃.Control antibody (green line) was Rabbit IgG (1ug/110⁶cells) used under the same conditions. Acquisition of >10,000 events was performed.
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TFAM Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody

Product Details

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Target Background