Recombinant Human Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2),partial

1. Report no influence of ACE2 gene polymorphism on stroke recurrence and only find possible interaction between hypertension history and the ACE2 gene in male stroke patients. PMID: 30056001
2. In a Chinese Han population, five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) (rs1514283, rs4646155, rs4646176, rs2285666, and rs879922) in ACE2 gene were determined to significantly associate with essential hypertension in female participants, while no SNP locus was linked to male group. PMID: 30335025
3. ACE2 and other enzymes can form ANG-(1-7) directly or indirectly from either the decapeptide ANG I or from ANG II. [review] PMID: 29351514
4. Suggest a potential role for ACE2 polymorphism in postexercise hypotension in hypertensive medicated individuals. PMID: 27925380
5. ACE2 SNPs and haplotypes are associated with circulating angiotensin-(1-7) levels. PMID: 28895159
6. we found an interaction between ACE2 and AGTR1 in structuralatrial fibrillation patients in a Chinese Han population PMID: 29441892
7. results suggest that ACE2, TNNI3K and CALM3 polymorphisms are associated with increased risk of hypertrophic cardiomyopathies and dilated cardiomyopathies and may act as disease modifiers of these diseases. PMID: 28744816
8. Elevated plasma ACE2 is significantly associated with more advanced LA structural remodeling in atrial fibrillation. PMID: 27738071
9. Overexpression of ACE2 in monocytes led to reduced endothelial adhesion, transmigration and downregulation of adhesion-related molecules and results in atherosclerosis. PMID: 28186543
10. These results indicated that aberrant methylation of the ACE2 promoter may be associated with EH risk. In addition, sex may significantly influence ACE2 methylation. PMID: 28440441
11. ACE2 rs2106809 is an important predictive factor of the response to antihypertensive treatment with ACE inhibitors in Chinese female hypertensive patients. PMID: 27121444
12. In islets from db/db mice, ACE2 over-expression increased intracellular calcium influx and restored impaired mitochondrial oxidation, potentially causing an increase in GSIS. These results shed light on the potential roles of ACE2 in mitochondrial metabolism, moreover, may improve our understanding of diabetes. PMID: 29128354
13. ACE2 may have a role in silent atherosclerosis in patients with chronic kidney disease; it counterbalances the vasoconstrictor adverse effects of angiotensin II by its conversion PMID: 27615597
14. This study reveals an elevated serum concentration of ACE2 and independent associations between serum ACE2 and echocardiographic parameters in hypertensive patients. PMID: 28223093
15. The findings of this study indicate that ACE-2 activity is reduced in AD and is an important regulator of the central classical ACE-1/Ang II/AT1R axis of renin-angiotensin system, and also that dysregulation of this pathway likely plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. PMID: 27884212
16. Overexpression of ACE2 ameliorates Abeta-induced inflammatory response by activating the ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/Mas axis in human RPE cells. PMID: 28605813
17. Although further studies are required to determine how clusterin suppresses non-specific cellular uptake in phagocytes, our data suggest that clusterin plays a key role in the stealth effect of not only pegylated nanoparticles but also non-pegylated nanoparticles. PMID: 27983983
18. The ACE2 G8790A polymorphism in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients was correlated with cerebral stroke, and the A allele might be a risk factor of type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with cerebral stroke. PMID: 27500554
19. ollectrin, an ACE2 homolog with no catalytic activity, regulates blood pressure through an NO-dependent mechanism. Large body of experimental data confirmed sustained beneficial effects of ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/Mas receptor axis activation on hypertension and vascular injury. PMID: 27889958
20. The potential contribution of the ACE2 to cardiovascular disease progression was addressed. PMID: 27965422
21. Serum ACE2 activity was significantly lower in acute ischemic stroke as compared to both control and stroke-alert patients, followed by an increase to control levels at three days. PMID: 27488276
22. Here, we review the role and effects of ACE2, ACE2 activators, Ang-(1-7) and synthetic Mas receptor agonists in the control of inflammation and fibrosis in cardiovascular and renal diseases and as counter-regulators of the ACE-Ang II-AT1 axis. PMID: 26995300
23. ACE2 overexpression inhibited cell growth. PMID: 27460845
24. Downregulation of ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/Mas axis stimulates breast cancer metastasis through the activation of store-operated calcium entry and PAK1/NF-kappaB/Snail1 pathways. PMID: 27063099
25. The circulating ACE2 and Ang-(1-7) levels were related to neither rs4646155 nor rs879922 in female or male patients.In conclusion, the rs2106809 polymorphism of the ACE2 gene may be a determinant of the circulating Ang-(1-7) level in female patients with hypertension, suggesting a genetic association between circulating Ang-(1-7) levels and ACE2 gene polymorphisms in patients with hypertension. PMID: 27310975
26. These results indicated that angiotensin-(1-7)/ACE2/Mas axis may reduce liver lipid accumulation partly by regulating lipid-metabolizing genes through ATP/P2 receptor/CaM signaling pathway. PMID: 26883384
27. ACE-2 significantly increased when IMR-90 were hypoxic prior to hyperoxic exposure with no recovery. PMID: 27093376
28. Imbalanced down-regulation of ACE and ACE2 mRNA expression levels may play an important role in the development and progression of thoracic aortic aneurysmal dilatation and subsequently dissection. PMID: 25237166
29. These results suggest that the ACE2 G8790A and rs2106809 polymorphisms may be associated with essential hypertension risk. PMID: 25237167
30. ACE and ACE2 expression at the mRNA and protein levels are significantly increased in the myocardium of patients with heart failure. PMID: 25869724
31. Multivariable regression analysis revealed that urinary L-FABP and urinary albumin/ creatinine ratio were significantly associated with urinary ACE2 levels. PMID: 26067610
32. ACE2 and Ang-(1-7) significantly inhibit early atherosclerotic lesion formation via protection of endothelial function and inhibition of inflammatory response. PMID: 25721616
33. ACE-2 is expressed in fetal human lung fibroblasts but is significantly decreased by hyperoxic gas PMID: 25665060
34. urinary ACE2 increased in type 2 diabetic patients with various degrees of albuminuria PMID: 25791940
35. soluble ACE2 is involved in the pathomechanism of hypertension and heart failure. PMID: 24691269
36. Decrease in circulating ACE2 activity was associated with cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic kidney disease. PMID: 25813276
37. By genetic replenishment of ACE2 and pharmaceutical use of ARB, restored ACE2 level mitigated GBC growth. Our results supported the rationale for the use of ARB in GBC patients for potential therapeutic benefit PMID: 25663464
38. There is no clear association between ACE2 gene A9570G polymorphisms and childhood primary nephrotic syndrome. PMID: 25815490
39. Our results revealed that SNPs rs2074192 and rs714205 in ACE2 gene were associated with the susceptibility of DR and PDR. PMID: 25359286
40. Olmesartan may uniquely increase urinary ACE2 level in hypertensive patients, which could potentially offer additional renoprotective effects. PMID: 24842388
41. Hepatocellular carcinoma patients with higher level of ACE2 expression had longer survival time than those with lower level of ACE2 expression. PMID: 25701390
42. Urinary ACE2 activity and protein expression are increased in type 1 diabetes patients prior to the onset of clinical complications. PMID: 24920267
43. Brain endoplasmic reticulum stress does not contribute to DOCA-salt hypertension and ACE2 blunts neurogenic hypertension independently of ER stress. PMID: 25519733
44. Partial loss of ACE2 is sufficient to enhance the susceptibility to heart disease. PMID: 24728465
45. These data demonstrate that MSCs modified to overexpress the ACE2 gene can produce biologically active ACE2 protein over a sustained period of time and have an enhanced ability to promote endothelial repair after LPS challenge PMID: 25200929
46. ACE2 cleavage is regulated by influenza A H1N1 neuraminidase. PMID: 24662240
47. among females ACE2 rs2106809 polymorphisms,and among males ACE2 rs2106809 polymorphism and alcohol consumption are associated with essential hypertension PMID: 24112034
48. Data suggest angiotensin (ANG) converting enzyme 2/ANG-II-(1-7)/proto-oncogene protein Mas axis regulates inflammation/fibrosis, cell proliferation, and leukocyte recruitment/activation; main topic here is kidney/inflammatory renal disease. [REVIEW] PMID: 23488800
49. ACE2 and FZD1 are prognosis markers in squamous cell/adenosquamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of gallbladder. PMID: 23921915
50. ACE2 overexpression in the rostral ventrolateral medulla attenuates the enhanced tonically active glutamatergic input in SHRs, which may be an important mechanism underlying the beneficial effect of central ACE2 to hypertension. PMID: 24838502
51. Serum ACE2 level was significantly increased in acute MI patients compared with that of non-MI controls. PMID: 24134599
52. ACE2 expression in glomeruli is associated with mesangial hypercellularity in early lesions of pediatric IgA nephropathy PMID: 24158104
53. The results indicate that polymorphism at ACE2 gene is associated with male lone AF in a Chinese Han population. PMID: 24342297
54. Up-regulation of the ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/Mas axis protected against pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting the MAPK/NF-kappaB pathway. PMID: 24168260
55. ACE2 may be subject to post-transcriptional regulation and reveals a novel potential therapeutic target, miR-421, which could be exploited to modulate ACE2 expression in disease PMID: 24564768
56. In patients admitted with acute decompensated heart failure, increasing serum ACE2 activity levels during intensive medical therapy predict improved outcomes. PMID: 24054336
57. The objective of this research was to determine whether invasively measured central pulse pressure (PP) in patients indicated for coronarography is associated with two common polymorphisms in the ACE2 region. PMID: 23077079
58. Genetic polymorphism of G8790A in ACE2 gene plays an important role on the pathogenesis of male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease. PMID: 24142614
59. A cellular protective role of ACE2 in Ang II-mediated oxidative stress and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. PMID: 23816468
60. TMPRSS2 competing with the ADAM17 for ACE2 processing, but only cleavage by TMPRSS2 resulted in augmented SARS-S-driven entry. PMID: 24227843
61. Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 in type 2 diabetes mellitus and the therapeutic possibilities of regulating the renin-angiotensin system. [Review] PMID: 23893738
62. established that the expression of the ACE2 transcript is controlled by the activity of SIRT1 under conditions of energy stress PMID: 24147777
63. Several ACE2 gene SNPs are associated with blood pressure or blood pressure change in persons of European descent. PMID: 24191856
64. conclude that HNF1alpha can induce the expression of ACE2 in pancreatic islet cells via evolutionarily conserved HNF1 binding sites in the ACE2 promoter PMID: 24100303
65. a bat SARS-like coronavirus can use the human ACE2 receptor for viral entry into human cells PMID: 24172901
66. ADAM17-mediated shedding impairs brain ACE2 compensatory activity, thus contributing to the development of neurogenic hypertension. PMID: 24014829
67. Serum sACE2 activity rises in relation to infarct size, left ventricular systolic dysfunction and is associated with the occurrence of left ventricular remodeling following myocardial infarction. PMID: 23630610
68. ACE2 expression attenuates the metastasis of lung cancer in a mouse model. PMID: 23545945
69. This review summarizes and discusses the structure and multiple functions of ACE2 and the relevance of this key enzyme in disease pathogenesis. PMID: 23328447
70. The patients with essential hypertension carrying the A/AA allele of the ACE2 gene have a higher risk of stroke than patients with a different allele. PMID: 20813695
71. Treatment with rhACE2 inhibited Ang II-mediated phosphorylation of the myocardial extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 pathway in WKY rats, with congruent results seen in spontaeously hypertensive rat hearts. PMID: 22750422
72. Expression of ACE2 and its end product Ang1-7 is increased in diabetic atheroma, along with overexpression of AT1R, IL6, TNF-alpha, macrophage infiltration, and neovascularization. PMID: 22749485
73. This study showed that ACE2/Ang-(1-7)\Mas pathway activation corrects existing diabetes-induced CD34(+) cell dysfunction and also confers protection from development of this dysfunction.[Mas receptor] PMID: 23230080
74. podocyte-specific overexpression of ACE2 transiently attenuates the development of diabetic nephropathy. PMID: 22475818
75. The polymorphisms in the AT1R (rs5186) and ACE2 (rs2285666) genes seem to play lesser roles in the development of type 2 diabetes compared to ACE1. PMID: 21670585
76. Our data suggest that the urinary ACE2 level is closely associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and is an independent risk factor for microalbuminuria. PMID: 23144053
77. The ACE/ACE2 ratio combined with MMP-9 activity in pleural fluid may be potential biomarkers for diagnosing tuberculous pleurisy. PMID: 23091417
78. urinary ACE2 is increased in renal transplant recipients with diabetes, possibly due to increased shedding from tubular cells. PMID: 22629438
79. study identified three SNPs (rs1514283, rs4646176, and rs879922)in the ACE2 gene that were significantly associated with diastolic blood pressure responses to cold stress in the Chinese female population PMID: 22647782
80. Downregulation of ACE2 expression is dependent on the efficiency of HCoV-NL63 replication. PMID: 22718567
81. The ACE2 gene polymorphism G8790A is probably a genetic risk factor for essential hypertension across different ethnic populations in female subjects and in Han-Chinese male subjects. [Meta-analysis] PMID: 22297693
82. both ACE and ACE2 bind integrin subunits, in an RGD-independent manner, and that they can act as cell adhesion substrates. We show that cellular expression of ACE2 enhanced cell adhesion PMID: 22523556
83. MasR was significantly upregulated in colon adenocarcinoma compared with non-neoplastic colon mucosa, which showed little or no expression of it. ACE gene expression and enzymatic activity were also increased in the tumors. PMID: 22048948
84. Mutations in the receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV strengthen favorable interactions with two virus-binding hot spots on ACE2. PMID: 22291007
85. In Caucasians with type 2 diabetes, genetic variation in ACE2 was associated with hypertension and reduced systolic function in men, and hypertension and increased left ventricular mass in women. PMID: 21993363
86. ACE2 activity increases with increasing vascular tone and in T1D has microvascular or macrovascular disease, indicating that ACE2 may participate as a compensatory mechanism in the regulation of vascular and renal function in patients with T1D PMID: 22179088
87. These findings complement those found in other studies of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the ACE2 gene in relation to cardiovascular disease risk. PMID: 21490025
88. the II genotype was found to be significantly associated with NS in the Indian and Malay populations and in the Pakistani population described here. PMID: 22033511
89. angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 has a role in cardiac hypertrophy induced by nitric oxide synthase inhibition PMID: 21946695
90. ACE2 overexpression in the paraventricular nucleus has beneficial effects in counteracting Ang II-induced hypertension. PMID: 21952934
91. Data highlight the importance of increased expression and subsequent interaction of ACE2 and nNOS within the paraventricular nucleus, leading to a reduction in sympathetic outflow in congestive heart failure. PMID: 21963832
92. The nucleotide sequences -516/-481 of human ace2 may be a binding domain for an as yet unidentified regulatory factor(s) that regulates ace2 expression and is associated with angiotensin II stimulation. PMID: 21864606
93. Central recombinant human ACE2 overexpression has a protective effect in murine congestive heart failure by attenuating sympathetic outflow thru ngiotensin (1-7) mas signaling & a decrease in angiotensin II type 1 receptor signaling in the medulla. PMID: 22025374
94. Hypoxia down-regulates the protein and gene expression of ACE2 in HUVECs. PMID: 21265092
95. Results demonstrate that mouse and rat ACE2 are less sensitive to inhibition by DX600 than human ACE2. PMID: 21880865
96. Urinary ACE2 is up-regulated in patients with chronic kidney disease. PMID: 21457402
97. Increased myocardial ACE2 expression in patients with end-stage heart failure is associated with the degree of left ventricular dilatation and may therefore be an adaptive mechanism. PMID: 20060185
98. ACE and ACE2 may play an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of hypertensive nephrosclerosis PMID: 21346373
99. Report expression (pro)renin receptors and angiotensin converting enzyme 2/angiotensin-(1-7)/Mas receptor axis in human aortic valve stenosis. PMID: 21316680
100. The ACE2 gene G9570A polymorphisms may be associated with the occurrence of stroke in essential hypertension patients in South China. PMID: 20117991

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HGNC: 13557

OMIM: 300335

KEGG: hsa:59272

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000252519

UniGene: Hs.178098