Product Details

Purity

≥ 95% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Endotoxin

≤10 EU/mg by the LAL method

Activity

Determined by its ability to inhibit the proliferation of mouse MPC-11 cells. The expected ED50 is ≤ 2.0 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of ≥ 5 x 10^5 units/mg.

Target Names

Activin A

Uniprot No.

P08476

Alternative Names

Activin beta-A chain;Erythroid differentiation protein ;EDF

Species

Homo sapiens (Human)

Source

Mammalian cell

Expression Region

311-426aa

Target Protein Sequence

GLECDGKVNICCKKQFFVSFKDIGWNDWIIAPSGYHANYCEGECPSHIAGTSGSSLSFHSTVINHYRMRGHSPFANLKSCCVPTKLRPMSMLYYDDGQNIIKKDIQNMIVEECGCS

Mol. Weight

12.9 kDa

Protein Length

Full Length of Mature Protein

Tag Info

Tag free

Form

Lyophilized
Note: We will preferentially ship the format that we have in stock, however, if you have any special requirement for the format, please remark your requirement when placing the order, we will prepare according to your demand.

Buffer

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution containing 0.085%TFA,30%ACN, 5% mannitol, pH 2.5

Reconstitution

We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference.

Troubleshooting and FAQs

Protein FAQs

Storage Condition

Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Shelf Life

The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself.
Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.

Lead Time

3-7 business days

Notes

Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Datasheet & COA

Please contact us to get it.

Description

Activin A, a homodimer of the inhibin beta A chain, plays a central role in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis across diverse tissue contexts, making it a critical tool for dissecting TGF-β superfamily signaling. This tag-free preparation, expressed in mammalian cells to preserve native glycosylation, spans the full mature protein sequence (aa 311–426) and demonstrates potent bioactivity in a mouse MPC-11 proliferation assay, with an ED50 ≤ 2.0 ng/ml corresponding to a specific activity ≥ 5 × 10⁵ units/mg—quantitative evidence that supports its use in cell proliferation and survival assays, stem cell differentiation protocols (including neuronal and osteogenic lineages), and receptor-ligand binding studies by ELISA or surface plasmon resonance. Purity exceeding 95% by SDS-PAGE and endotoxin levels ≤ 10 EU/mg align with standards expected in sensitive primary cell cultures and in vivo regenerative medicine models. The mammalian expression system ensures post-translational modifications essential for high-affinity receptor engagement, providing a suitable basis for antibody characterization and as an ELISA standard in developmental biology and tumor microenvironment research.

Target Background

Function

Inhibins and activins inhibit and activate, respectively, the secretion of follitropin by the pituitary gland. Inhibins/activins are involved in regulating a number of diverse functions such as hypothalamic and pituitary hormone secretion, gonadal hormone secretion, germ cell development and maturation, erythroid differentiation, insulin secretion, nerve cell survival, embryonic axial development or bone growth, depending on their subunit composition. Inhibins appear to oppose the functions of activins.

Gene References into Functions

pro-activin A share features seen in the pro-TGF-beta1 and pro-BMP-9 structures. PMID: 27373274
Data suggest that activin A (INHBA) plays roles in inflammation, tissue repair, fibrosis, neoplastic activation of myofibroblasts, and leiomyoma development/growth. [REVIEW] PMID: 29100238
that high expression of INHBA was associated with poor response to therapy for de novo AML, and it can serve as an adverse prognostic factor for this malignancy. PMID: 28836868
Activin-A may induce fibrosis in NASH and alcoholic cirrhosis via activation of Kupffer cells to express pro-inflammatory molecules that promote HSC-dependent fibrogenesis and could be a target for future anti-fibrotic therapies. PMID: 29287776
Our study provided experimental and clinical evidence for the involvement of activin A and ALK4 in the pathophysiology of atrial fibrosis and atrial fibrillation PMID: 28639003
INHBA gene expression in gastric cancer tissue is considered a useful independent predictor of outcomes in patients with stage II/III gastric cancer who receive adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1. PMID: 28652421
Inhibin-B secretion and FSH isoform distribution may play an integral part of follicular selection in the natural menstrual cycle. (Review) PMID: 27756855
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the distribution of the FSHB -211 G/T in men with normal or abnormal sperm parameters from Southern Italy to assess its functional relevance on the serum levels of reproductive hormones and on sperm parameters in men. PMID: 28281143
binding of SMAD2/3, the intracellular effectors of activin signaling, was significantly enriched at the Pmepa1 gene, which encodes a negative feedback regulator of TGF-beta signaling in cancer cells, and at the Kdm6b gene, which encodes an epigenetic regulator promoting transcriptional plasticity. PMID: 26215835
analysis of a novel SMAD-independent pathway linking enhanced activin B signaling to reduced E-cadherin expression and increased migration in type II endometrial cancer PMID: 27223076
High INHBA expression is associated with lung adenocarcinoma. PMID: 26950277
activin A signaling has a role in melanoma growth and metastasis through immune evasion PMID: 28844941
These data provide evidence that eosinophils release activin A and that this function is enhanced when eosinophils are present in an allergen-induced inflammatory environment. PMID: 27001469
These results demonstrate that activin induces skin carcinogenesis via attraction and reprogramming of macrophages and identify novel activin targets involved in tumor formation. PMID: 27932444
our results defined a novel pathway in which dysregulation of the RUNX2/INHBA axis due to miR-376c downregulation fosters lymph node metastasis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma PMID: 27760788
The activin-A to follistatin ratio may play a role in determining the clinical phenotype of preterm birth as preterm labor or preterm premature rupture of membranes. PMID: 27159193
A screen of a human protein library identified activin A as a potent regulator of follicular helper T cells cell differentiation. PMID: 27376469
Activin A is higher in patients with steatohepatitis than both lean and obese controls PMID: 27621190
INHBA expression is significantly upregulated in human masticatory mucosa during wound healing PMID: 28005267
Activin A and preeclamptic serum upregulate ET-1, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells, consistent with activin A contributing to the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. PMID: 27155341
Data show that dedifferentiated chondrocytes can be redifferentiated following treatment with the chimeric erythroid differentiation factor (activin A)/bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) ligand AB235. PMID: 26563344
Study shows that INHBA and FST are induced by seminal fluid in cervical tissues and thus, may contribute to regulation of the post-coital response in women. PMID: 26415587
Inhibin betaA is translationally regulated by TGFbeta via hnRNP E1. PMID: 26096938
we show a role for autocrine Activin signaling in the regulation of colony formation, cell migration and invasion in Barrett's tumorigenesis. PMID: 26447543
Our study uncovers the PITX2-induced expression of TGFB1/2/3 as well as INHBA genes (p < 0.01) followed by SMAD2/3-dependent TGF-b signalling pathway in ovarian cancer cells PMID: 26298390
changes in Follistatin levels during pregnancy contribute to the control of the activin A system PMID: 25565002
Overexpression of activin A in OSCCs, which is controlled by downregulation of miR-143/miR-145 cluster, regulates apoptosis, proliferation and invasiveness, and it is clinically correlated with lymph node metastasis and poor survival. PMID: 26317418
Activin A inhibited signaling by BMP-6 and BMP-9 by competing for type 2 receptors ACVR2A and ACVR2B. PMID: 26047946
Data suggest that activin A [plus bone morphogenic protein 4 (BMP4)] strongly stimulates germ cell differentiation potential of human embryonic stem cells; this stimulation appear to depend on gene expression regulation by activin A. PMID: 25634576
Increased serum level of activin A indicates its role in the pathogenesis of asthma, particularly in underweight and overweight patients. PMID: 25729977
Data suggest that an SNP in promoter region of ACVR2A (activin A receptor type IIA; rs1424954, the pre-eclampsia susceptibility allele) down-regulates signal transduction in trophoblasts in response to excess activin-A (as seen in pre-eclampsia). PMID: 25659497
able to restore glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in islets from type 2 diabetic donors PMID: 25833251
our study suggests that increased circulating concentrations of ActA may contribute to the development of cachexia in cancer patients. PMID: 25751105
Low activin-A expression was correlated with the occurrence, development, metastasis and malignant degree of lung adenocarcinoma. PMID: 25796148
Data suggest that activin A (dimer of INHBA), especially in lateral hypothalamus, plays role in neuronal sensing of free amino acids, appetite regulation, and neuronal plasticity. [REVIEW] PMID: 25200295
Activin-A and -B are abundantly expressed in mesothelioma tumor tissue. PMID: 25557874
INHBA overexpression implies adverse clinical outcomes for urothelial carcinoma, justifying it is a potential prognostic biomarker and a novel therapeutic target in UC PMID: 25488476
overexpression of INHBA in mesenchymal cells increases colony formation potential of epithelial cells, suggesting that it contributes to the dynamic reciprocity between breast mesenchymal and epithelial cells. PMID: 24916766
Activin A promoted chemotaxis, migration and proliferation of human periodontal ligament cells, and caused an increase in fibroblastic differentiation of these cells while down-regulating their osteoblastic differentiation. PMID: 24928494
High activin A signal promotes cancer progression and is involved in cachexia in a subset of pancreatic cancer. PMID: 25449777
Activin A is an anti-lymphangiogenic factor, but because of its pleiotropic effects on cell mobility it appears not suitable as a pharmacological target. PMID: 25084052
Activin A, B, and AB have similar effects on steroidogenesis in human granulosa cells; in contrast, activin AC is not biologically active and does not act as a competitive antagonist. PMID: 25062451
expression of erythroid differentiation regulator 1 was negatively correlated with the malignant potential in various skin tumors. PMID: 24168163
Endothelial cells initiate a smooth muscle cell differentiation program in adjacent adipose stromal cells via induction activin A expression. PMID: 25114097
We identified an unreported germline mutation of the INHA gene encoding the alpha-subunit, the partner of the betaA-subunit. This mutation also alters the secreted activin/inhibin ratio, by disrupting both inhibin A and inhibin B biosynthesis. PMID: 24302632
Circulating activin A levels are associated with impaired myocardial glucose metabolism and high left ventricular mass/volume ratio in men with uncomplicated type 2 diabetes, reflecting a potential detrimental role in early human diabetic cardiomyopathy. PMID: 24134550
Follistatin, by its ability to neutralize the actions of activin A may be of value as an antifibrotic for radiation induced fibrosis. PMID: 24204752
the Activin/ALK4 pathway directly recruits PTP1B and stimulates its release from the endoplasmic reticulum through ALK4-mediated cleavage. PMID: 24139759
Activin A released from EAT-T2D inhibits insulin action via the induction of miR-143 in cardiomyocytes PMID: 23812417
Overexpression of the INHBA gene is considered a useful independent predictor of outcomes in patients with gastric cancer after curative surgery. PMID: 24778035

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Subcellular Location

Secreted.

Protein Families

TGF-beta family

Database Links

HGNC: 6066

OMIM: 147290

KEGG: hsa:3624

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000242208

UniGene: Hs.28792

Code	CSB-MP011719HU-WD
Abbreviation	Recombinant Human Activin A protein (Active)
MSDS	MSDS Datasheet
Size	Inquiry
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Image	(Tris-Glycine gel) Discontinuous SDS-PAGE (reduced) with 5% enrichment gel and 15% separation gel.
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Recombinant Human Inhibin beta A chain (INHBA) (Active)

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