Recombinant Mouse Melanopsin (Opn4), partial

1. we show that OPN2 and OPN4 participate in immediate pigment darkening induced by UVA in murine normal and malignant melanocytes through a conserved common pathway PMID: 29395480
2. Data from mouse model reveal a distinct melanopsin contribution to encoding visual images, predicting that, under natural view, melanopsin augments the early visual system's ability to encode patterns over moderate spatial scales. PMID: 28528909
3. A subset of M1 and M1d melanopsin ganglion cells are biplexiform with dendrites ramifying both in the inner plexiform layer and either in the inner plexiform layer or the outer plexiform layer. We have found five types of Outer Retinal Dendritess in the OPL categorized by their morphology and the melanopsin ganglion cell subtype from which they originate. PMID: 28758193
4. our results highlight how the kinetics of the melanopsin photoresponse differentially regulate distinct light-mediated behaviors. PMID: 28223508
5. Melanopsin contributes to irradiance modulation of narrowband oscillations in the retina and dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus. PMID: 28103478
6. discovery that amino acid sequence features of melanopsin protein contribute to the functional properties of the intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells PMID: 27181062
7. When compared with wildtype responses, sleep onset in melanopsin (OPN4-/-) mice was significantly advanced under blue light, whereas under violet and green light it was significantly delayed. PMID: 27276063
8. Melanopsin overexpression in RGCs enhanced the amplitude and duration of their light response, and silencing them with Kir2.1 significantly suppressed the increased mTOR signaling and axon regeneration that were induced by melanopsin PMID: 26831088
9. mice null for melanopsin (Opn4-/-), lost significantly more weight than wild-type controls or mice lacking rod and cone photoreceptors. PMID: 26011287
10. These results suggest GRK2 contributes to melanopsin deactivation, but that other mechanisms account for most of modulation of melanopsin activity in ipRGCs. PMID: 26069965
11. Using a combination of conventional knockout, chemogenetic, and receptor-silent substitution manipulations, we continued to show that, over higher irradiances, this increase in firing originates with inner-retinal melanopsin photoreception PMID: 26438865
12. Opn4 mediates wavelength-specific, light-dependent vascular relaxation. PMID: 25404319
13. Data indicate that retinal molecular circadian clock can be entrained by lighting cycles in vitro, but that rods, cones, and melanopsin (Opn4) are not required for this entrainment. PMID: 24843129
14. critical phosphorylation sites on the carboxy tail of melanopsin PMID: 24678795
15. Melanopsin Is required for normal Sensitivity and expression in alpha retinal ganglion cells. PMID: 24853938
16. the role of melanopsin-expressing retinal ganglion cells in the glaucoma-induced depressive behavioral response pattern was investigated PMID: 23729182
17. melanopsin is important for initiation and maintenance of light-induced sleep during the dark phase. PMID: 23510299
18. The attenuation of the melanopsin-based light response by dopamine is mediated by direct PKA phosphorylation of melanopsin. PMID: 23049792
19. when mice are mutated in the gene (Opn4) for the atypical opsin melanopsin, or are dark-reared from late gestation, the hyaloid vessels are persistent at 8 days post-partum and the retinal vasculature overgrows PMID: 23334418
20. The sustained-type light response of retinal dopamine neurons requires melanopsin. PMID: 22880066
21. UV light exposure induces sleep in wild-type and melanopsin-deficient (Opn4(-/-)) mice with equal efficacy. PMID: 22771039
22. molecular properties of melanopsin PMID: 22670683
23. a model in which retinal is continuously covalently bound to melanopsin and may function through a reversible, bistable mechanism PMID: 22547062
24. Opn4S mRNA was detected at relatively constant levels throughout postnatal development, with levels of Opn4S protein showing a marked increase between P0 and P3. Levels of Opn4L mRNA and protein were low at birth and markedlyd increased at P14 and P3. PMID: 22496826
25. Melanopsin increase might have been induced by either a maternal or a developmental signal and is likely related to the first connections between the retina and the suprachiasmatic nucleus. PMID: 21925644
26. heterologously expressed melanopsin is phosphorylated in a light-dependent manner, and this phosphorylation is involved in regulating the rate of G-protein activation and the lifetime of melanopsin's active state PMID: 22159583
27. In mouse, this intrinsic pupillary light reflex requires the visual pigment melanopsin; it also requires PLCbeta4, a vertebrate homologue of the Drosophila NorpA phospholipase C which mediates rhabdomeric phototransduction. PMID: 22051675
28. Light prolongs spiking during the waves and enhances the segregation of retinogeniculate afferents, and that it did so by activating melanopsin-expressing, intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells. PMID: 21642974
29. Approximately 2% of retinal ganglion cells are intrinsically photosensitive express melanopsin and are necessary for light to modulate specific physiological processes in mice PMID: 21418557
30. Data show that visual responses in TKO mice extend beyond the retina to encompass the lateral margins of the lateral geniculate nucleus and components of the visual cortex. PMID: 21124780
31. Findings have significant implications for the understanding of how melanopsin signalling may modulate aversive responses to light. PMID: 21124784
32. The study data establish melanopsin-based photoreception as a significant source of sensory input to the thalamo-cortical visual system, providing unique irradiance information and allowing visual responses to be retained even in absence of rods+cones. PMID: 21151887
33. These results strongly suggest that light activation of melanopsin in intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells may regulate physiological functions such as sleep/wake cycles in preterm and neonatal infants. PMID: 20855606
34. First time evidence is presented which demonstrates intraretinal ion regulation by melanopsin in vivo. PMID: 20808732
35. Periods of darkness or, more likely, the sequence of light and dark periods occurring under the daily cycles might be necessary for the normal development of the melanopsin system PMID: 20435589
36. the results of this study indicated that melanopsin-based phototransduction supports pattern vision in the absence of functioning rod and cone photoreceptors. PMID: 20624591
37. the retina maintains a rather constant number of melanopsin-expressing retinal ganglion cells from the first postnatal day PMID: 19924643
38. melanopsin containing retinal ganglion cell axons project to the suprachiasmatic nucleus and other brain nuclei involved in circadian photoentrainment or the pupillary light reflex PMID: 11834834
39. melanopsin is not essential for the circadian clock to receive photic input, but it contributes significantly to the magnitude of photic responses PMID: 12481140
40. critical role in circadian photoentrainment PMID: 12481141
41. the diminished pupillary light reflex at high irradiances in melanopsin-knockout mice suggests that the melanopsin-associated system and the classical rod/cone system are complementary in function PMID: 12522249
42. First positive correlation between the persistence of melanopsin-expressing cells and the maintenance of both circadian and pupillary responses to light in the absence of rods and cones. PMID: 12752778
43. required for nonvisual photoreception in blind mice PMID: 12829787
44. Melanopsin forms a photopigment capable of activating a G-protein, but its spectral properties are not consistent with the action spectrum for circadian entrainment. PMID: 14596587
45. Results suggest that melanopsin in retinal ganglion cells is involved in masking, as it is in pupil contraction and phase shifts. PMID: 14680139
46. Melanopsin expression is not confined to these photosensitive retinal ganglion cells, but is also expressed in the retinal pigment epithelium, a tissue with no known photosensensory role. PMID: 15046875
47. melanopsin is a functional sensory photopigment, it is the photopigment of ganglion-cell photoreceptors, and these photoreceptors may use an invertebrate-like phototransduction cascade PMID: 15674243
48. expression in Xenopus oocytes results in light-dependent activation of membrane currents through the Galpha(q)/Galpha(11)G protein pathway, with an action spectrum closely matching melanopsin-expressing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells PMID: 15681390
49. photosensitive retinal ganglion cells are light responsive from birth and that this photosensitivity requires melanopsin expression. PMID: 15964274
50. Melanopsin is the photopigment in intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells. PMID: 16014418

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KEGG: mmu:30044

STRING: 10090.ENSMUSP00000022331

UniGene: Mm.272060