Product Details

Purity

>97% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Endotoxin

Less than 1.0 EU/μg as determined by LAL method.

Activity

Fully biologically active when compared to standard. The biological activity determined by a chemotaxis bioassay using human peripheral blood eosinophils is in a concentration range of 0.1-10.0 ng/ml.

Target Names

CCL11

Uniprot No.

P51671

Research Area

Immunology

Alternative Names

C-C motif chemokine 11; CCL 11; CCL11; CCL11_HUMAN; chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 11; Chemokine C C motif ligand 11; Chemokine CC Motif Ligand 11; Chemokine ligand 11; Eosinophil chemotactic protein; Eotaxin; eotaxin-1; MGC22554; SCYA 11; SCYA11; Small inducible cytokine A11; Small inducible cytokine subfamily A (Cys Cys) member 11; small inducible cytokine subfamily A (Cys-Cys); member 11 (eotaxin); Small inducible cytokine subfamily A member 11; Small-inducible cytokine A11

Species

Homo sapiens (Human)

Source

E.coli

Expression Region

24-97aa

Complete Sequence

GPASVPTTCC FNLANRKIPL QRLESYRRIT SGKCPQKAVI FKTKLAKDICADPKKKWVQD SMKYLDQKSP TPKP

Mol. Weight

8.4 kDa

Protein Length

Full Length of Mature Protein

Tag Info

Tag-Free

Form

Lyophilized powder

Buffer

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered 20 mM PB, pH 7.4, 150 mM NaCl

Reconstitution

We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference.

Troubleshooting and FAQs

Protein FAQs

Storage Condition

Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Shelf Life

The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself.
Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.

Lead Time

5-10 business days

Notes

Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Datasheet & COA

Please contact us to get it.

Description

Our recombinant human CCL11 protein, also known as Eotaxin, is expressed in E. coli and spans the full length of the mature 24-97aa sequence. This tag-free protein is supplied as a lyophilized powder, making it easy to reconstitute with sterile water or buffer. With a purity of >97% as determined by SDS-PAGE and HPLC, our recombinant CCL11 also boasts a low endotoxin level of less than 1.0 EU/µg, as measured by the LAL method. The protein is fully biologically active, as confirmed by its efficacy in a chemotaxis bioassay using human peripheral blood eosinophils, with an activity concentration range of 0.1-10.0 ng/ml.

C-C motif chemokine 11 (CCL11) or Eotaxin is a key protein involved in the recruitment and activation of eosinophils in response to allergens and other stimuli. CCL11 plays a significant role in allergic diseases, including asthma, atopic dermatitis, and allergic rhinitis. Hence, it is crucial to investigate the functions and mechanisms of CCL11 to develop potential therapeutic interventions for these immune-related diseases.

Extensive research has been conducted to explore the role of CCL11 in immune regulation. For instance, Ponath et al. (1996)^[1] first identified CCL11 as a potent eosinophil chemoattractant. Later, Ying et al. (1999)^[2] demonstrated that CCL11 was significantly upregulated in bronchial biopsies from asthmatic patients compared to non-asthmatic subjects. More recent studies have uncovered the involvement of CCL11 in other pathological conditions, such as neuroinflammation and cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (Villeda et al. (2011)^[3]). Moreover, CCL11 has been implicated in cancer progression and metastasis, as shown in the study by Chen et al. (2019)^[4], which revealed that CCL11 could promote colorectal cancer cell migration and invasion. Additionally, a study by Choi et al. (2021)^[5] suggested that CCL11 may serve as a therapeutic target for treating eosinophilic esophagitis.

References:
1. Ponath PD, et al. Cloning of the human eosinophil chemoattractant, eotaxin. Expression, receptor binding, and functional properties suggest a mechanism for the selective recruitment of eosinophils. J Clin Invest. 1996;97(3): 604-12.
2. Ying S, et al. Enhanced expression of eotaxin and CCR3 mRNA and protein in atopic asthma. Association with airway hyperresponsiveness and predominant co-localization of eotaxin mRNA to bronchial epithelial and endothelial cells. Eur J Immunol. 1999;29(12): 3847-56.
3. Villeda SA, et al. The ageing systemic milieu negatively regulates neurogenesis and cognitive function. Nature. 2011;477(7362): 90-4.
4. Chen W, et al. CCL11 promotes migration and proliferation of mouse neural progenitor cells. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2019;10(1): 395.
5. Choi J, et al. Increased expression of C-C motif chemokine ligand 11 and its specific receptor, C-C motif chemokine receptor 3, in eosinophilic esophagitis: the potential role of CCL11 in eosinophilic esophagitis pathogenesis. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2021;9(4): 1584-1594.e4.

Target Background

Function

In response to the presence of allergens, this protein directly promotes the accumulation of eosinophils, a prominent feature of allergic inflammatory reactions. Binds to CCR3.

Gene References into Functions

These results suggest CCL11 as a candidate biomarker for the prediction of acute and long-term functional outcomes in ischemic stroke patients PMID: 28634890
analyzed the genotypes of 6 tag SNPs in the CCL11 gene (rs1129844, rs17809012, rs1860183, rs1860184, rs4795898, and rs4795895) in a case control study. We found the GG genotype of rs4795895 was significantly associated with increased risk of lacunar stroke and the GA genotype of rs17809012 was associated with a significant increase in risk of LAA stroke PMID: 28873081
CCL11 promotor polymorphism is associated with increased risk for the development of schizophrenia in a Korean population. PMID: 29477870
Findings suggest that CCL11-CCR3 binding is involved in the progression of GBM. PMID: 27119233
There were no significant differences in GE area of infertile and fertile women. C-C motif chemokine 11 (P=0.048), TGFalpha (P=0.049), IFNgamma (P=0.033) and interleukin-1 alpha (P=0.047) were significantly elevated in uterine lavage from infertile women <35years compared to fertile but not in women 35years PMID: 27525354
eotaxin promotes proliferation in vascular smooth muscle cells and triggers oxidative stress in a NADPH oxidase dependent manner. PMID: 27681294
a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis demonstrated CSF CCL11 accurately distinguished CTE subjects from non-athlete controls and AD subjects PMID: 28950005
These studies characterized serum and intestinal wall eotaxin-1 levels in various inflammatory bowel disease patients and to explore the effect of targeting eotaxin-1 by specific antibodies in dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis model. PMID: 26874691
this study shows that expression of CCL11 is increased in eosinophilic myocarditis patients compared to chronic lymphocytic myocarditis patients PMID: 27621211
Review: eotaxins (CCL11, CCL24, and CCL26) play key role(s) during symptomatic inflammatory responses raised in response to allergic crisis of allergic asthma and atopic dermatitis PMID: 26861136
increased amounts released by neutrophils from fibromyalgia patients PMID: 26341115
Eotaxin measured on the day of birth is useful for identifying extremely low birth weight infants at risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia/death. PMID: 26270578
The results of this study suggested that eotaxin-1 as a novel modifier of Alzheimer's disease age at onset and open potential avenues for therapy. PMID: 26324103
ANDV caused long-term elevated levels of eotaxin-1, IL-6, IL-8, IP-10, and VEGF-A that peaked 20-25 days after infection PMID: 26907493
The A allele in eotaxin 67 G/A polymorphism is associated with worse survival in CAD patients. PMID: 26491210
Findings demonstrate a link between CCL11 and primary Sjogren's syndrome disease activity and lymphoma. PMID: 26359802
Serum and urinary CCL11 were decreased in patients with prostate cancer compared with controls. PMID: 26306920
Results show the structure of CCL11 bound to the sulfated N-terminal region of its receptor CCR3 and show that intact CCR3 is sulfated and sulfation enhances receptor activity. PMID: 25450766
SF of BC OA displayed significantly higher concentrations for a number of proinflammatory cytokines [CXCL1, eotaxin, interferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-7, IL-8, IL-9, IL-12]. PMID: 25393692
Taken together, these findings indicate that inhibiting IL-4-induced eotaxin-1 expression by synephrine occurs primarily through the suppression of eosinophil recruitment, which is mediated by inhibiting STAT6 phosphorylation. PMID: 25111027
eotaxin-1 increases MMP-3 expression via the CCR3-ERK pathway, thereby promoting prostate cancer cell invasion and migration. PMID: 24604010
the CCL11 GG genotype is a significant risk factor for ischemic as well as hemorrhagic stroke. Further, the frequency of the GG genotype was observed to be higher in hemorrhagic stroke patients in comparison with ischemic stroke. PMID: 25237944
CCL11 is an antimicrobial protein with bacteriocidal activity against E. coli and S. aureus. PMID: 12949249
thi is a study of the interaction between vCCI and eotaxin-1 (CCL11), a CC chemokine that is an important factor in the asthma response. PMID: 24482230
Cannabis use was found to increase CCL11 plasma levels and the effects were reversed when cannabis use ceases. PMID: 23820464
CCL11, CCL24, and CCL26 are increased in TB patients; hence, it seems that TB suppresses Th1 and the classic function of macrophages subsequently by inducing the chemokines' expression PMID: 24600981
CCL11, CCL24, and CCL26 has a role in the recruitment of extravillous trophoblast into decidual tissue and vessels. PMID: 23477905
CCL11 contributes to eosinophil recruitment in UC and that intestinal myeloid cells are a source of CCL11. PMID: 23904440
These data uncover a previously unknown role for NRF2 in regulating Eotaxin-1 expression and further the mechanistic understanding of this pathway in modulating inflammatory lung disease. PMID: 23061798
The impact of three single-nucleotide polymorphisms in eotaxin (SCYA11) gene promoter (-426C>T and -384A>G) and first exon (67G>A) and recently described hexanucleotide (GAAGGA)(n) 10.9 kb upstream on coronary atherosclerosis was investigated. PMID: 22773402
Serum levels for CCL1 (I-309) were significantly elevated among all men with enlarged prostates (P < 0.04). Serum levels for CCL11 (Eotaxin-1) were significantly elevated among men with prostate cancer regardless of prostate size (P < 0.01). PMID: 23059958
The Marfan syndrome patients with lowest mental quality of life and vitality scores had high levels of CCL11 cytokine. PMID: 23049769
Study found that the plasma concentration of eotaxin was associated with the clinical severity of chronic rhinosinusitis in Taiwanese patients. PMID: 22271279
The level of eotaxin expression and inflammatory cell count were measured in the material from nasal brushing in healthy controls and in patients with allergic rhinitis, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. PMID: 22846146
the eotaxin/CCL11-CCR3 axis is active in idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis (IRF) and may contribute to its pathogenesis; the TTCCAT haplotype within the CCL11 gene is significantly associated with IRF PMID: 23114905
Serum CCL17, IL-8, and eotaxin levels were significantly increased in eosinophilic subjects as compared to normal controls, but were similar between Churg-syndrome and hypereosinophilic syndrome. PMID: 22775568
Eotaxin-1 not only induces MMP-3 gene expression but also promotes MMP-3 protein secretion through G protein-coupled eotaxin-1 receptor activities. PMID: 22114952
Pretreated CCD-11Lu cells with noncytotoxic doses (0.1-10 muM) of CAPE inhibited the production of eotaxin under stimulation of IL-4 and tnf-alpha.CAPE pretreatment decreased the amount of pSTAT6 and STAT6 DNA binding complexes in nuclear extracts. PMID: 21601544
In this study, eotaxin-1 -384 A>G or 67 G>A genotypes were not associated with susceptibility to Nasal Polyposis. PMID: 21825098
Data show that expression levels of CCL11 and CCR3 mRNA in the lesional skin of ALCL were significantly higher than those in normal skin. PMID: 21406396
After corticosteroid therapy, the expressions of Eotaxin and Eotaxin-2 in mucosal epithelia of nasal polyps were significantly decreased. PMID: 19522186
Eotaxin induces proliferation of nonasthmatic airway smooth muscle cells and decreases their rate of apoptosis. PMID: 21368236
The expression of Eotaxin-1 and -2 in nasal polyposis and polyps was dramatically higher than in controls. PMID: 17438849
Corticosteroid treatment of nasal polyps reduced expression of CCL11. PMID: 17438850
Measurements of eotaxin-1 in exhaled breath condensate of asthma patients may provide a useful diagnostic tool for detecting and monitoring airway inflammation and disease severity. PMID: 20704746
Serum CCL18 level was significantly decreased in epithelial ovarian cancer patients with early stages compared to those with late stages. PMID: 19937162
elevated levels of eotaxin in children with stable asthma; correlation with eosinophilia PMID: 20444156
Eotaxin may up-regulate the expression of VCAM-1 in vessel endothelium and promote adhesion and migration of eosinophils, as a result, to lead to the recurrence of nasal polyps. PMID: 16874958
Serum CCL11 was increased in ulcerative colitis (UC) and less in Crohn's disease (CD), whereas CCL24 and CCL26 were increased only in UC. Colon expression of the CCL's was higher in UC vs. CD, and was induced by Th2 cytokines in colon epithelial cells. PMID: 21077277
SOCS1 and 3 may control chemotaxis and adhesion PMID: 20934424