Name: Recombinant Human Interleukin-15 protein(IL15) (Active)
Brand: CUSABIO
SKU: CSB-AP001621HU

Product Details

Description	The Recombinant Human Interleukin-15/IL15 was generated by the expression of a DNA sequence corresponding to 49-162aa of human IL15 in E.coli. The full-length of mature protein reached up to 97% in purity measured by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses. It was also verified to be fully biologically active through its effect on a cell proliferation assay using murine CTLL-2 cells (ED50<0.5 ng/ml, specific activity >2.0x106 IU/mg). The endotoxin of this IL10 is less than 1.0 EU/μg as determined by the LAL method. Proteins in-stock are offered now. The IL15 proteins are tag-free, but CUSABIO offers custom service for you to meet the need of specific tag(s). This recombinant IL15 protein may be used to produce anti-IL15 antibodies or in the immunology studies. IL15 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays a central role in the development, survival, and activation of NK, T-, and B-cells. IL-15 binding to the IL-2/IL-15Rβ/γc heterodimeric receptor induces the activation of JAK-STAT, PI3K-Akt, and MAPK signaling pathway. The former pathway stimulates transcriptional activation such as bcl-2 and proto-oncogenes c-myc, c-fos, and c-jun, and the latter two pathways promote cell survival and activation. The anti-tumor effect of IL15 on the immune system has been reported, but IL15 also initiates and promotes several malignancies.
Purity	>97% as determined by SDS-PAGE and HPLC.
Endotoxin	Less than 1.0 EU/μg as determined by LAL method.
Activity	Fully biologically active when compared to standard. The ED50 as determined by a cell proliferation assay using murine CTLL-2 cells is less than 0.5 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of >2.0x10⁶ IU/mg.
Target Names	IL15
Uniprot No.	P40933
Research Area	Immunology
Alternative Names	IL 15; IL-15; IL15; IL15_HUMAN; Interleukin 15; Interleukin-15; Interleukin15; MGC9721
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Source	E.coli
Expression Region	49-162aa
Complete Sequence	NWVNVISDLK KIEDLIQSMH IDATLYTESD VHPSCKVTAM KCFLLELQVI SLESGDASIH DTVENLIILA NNSLSSNGNV TESGCKECEE LEEKNIKEFL QSFVHIVQMF INTS
Mol. Weight	12.9 kDa
Protein Length	Full Length of Mature Protein
Tag Info	Tag-Free
Form	Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Lyophilized from a 0.2 µm filtered PBS, pH 7.4
Reconstitution	We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference.
Troubleshooting and FAQs	Protein FAQs
Storage Condition	Store at -20°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Shelf Life	The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself. Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Lead Time	5-10 business days
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.
Datasheet & COA	Please contact us to get it.

Target Background

Function (From Uniprot)	Cytokine that stimulates the proliferation of T-lymphocytes. Stimulation by IL-15 requires interaction of IL-15 with components of IL-2R, including IL-2R beta and probably IL-2R gamma but not IL-2R alpha.
Gene References into Functions	High IL15 expression is associated with follicles with immature oocytes. PMID: 29619608 IL-15 plays a pivotal role in creating a self-renewing, persistent HIV reservoir by facilitating infection of CD4(+) T cells with stem cell-like properties. PMID: 30257946 The genetic variations in IL15 affects the risk of developing of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia and are associated with hyperdiploidy in Latvian population. PMID: 29528261 circulating IL-15 and IL-15Ralpha concentrations are reduced in lean and obese physically active people PMID: 28940555 IL-15/IL-15Ralpha signaling pathway is activated in skeletal muscle in response to a session of resistance exercise. PMID: 28449327 Recipient IL-15 rs10519613 polymorphism was associated with hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence after liver transplantation. PMID: 29162948 This review provides significant characterization of specific systemic, cellular and molecular alterations caused by IL-15 superagonist treatment as compared to native IL-15 and compares their anti-tumor effectiveness in multiple preclinical studies [Review] PMID: 28888485 iNKT cell development requires IL-15, and study found that sgammac interfered with IL-15 signaling to suppress iNKT cell generation in the thymus. Thus, sgammac represents a new mechanism to control cytokine availability during T cell development that constrains mature T cell production and specifically iNKT cell generation in the thymus. PMID: 27833166 The rs10833 polymorphism could be involved in regulating IL-15 production in subclinical atherosclerosis. PMID: 28923712 RFC, IL15 and VDR germline variants are associated with minimal residual disease in pediatric B-cell precursor ALL PMID: 27427275 IL-15 and IL-15Ralpha genes in samples from the Spanish Consortium for Genetics of Celiac Disease (CEGEC) collection, identifying two regulatory single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) that might be associated with celiac disease PMID: 28738233 associated with increased loss of fat mass and body weight [review] PMID: 28752527 These data support the combinatorial approach of in situ suppression of the PD-L inhibitory checkpoints with DC-mediated IL15 transpresentation to promote antigen-specific T-cell responses and, ultimately, contribute to graft-versus-tumor immunity PMID: 28637876 These data suggest that TLR2 activation is involved in the induction of IL-15 production by primary Sjogren's syndrome salivary gland epithelial cells and promotes inflammation through NF-kappaB activation. PMID: 27260411 this review will focus on IL-15 biology in NK cells and proposes the development novel therapies aimed at this pathway in humans PMID: 27835762 IL-15 levels were found to be elevated in depressed patients with asthma. PMID: 26874516 this paper show that IL-15 boosts the function and migration of human terminally differentiated CD8+ T cells by inducing a unique gene signature PMID: 26857736 inhibits the Ca(2+)-induced differentiation of keratinocytes, mainly via the attenuation of Ca(2+)-stimulated PI3K-AKT signalling PMID: 26914593 The 161533 TriKE induced superior NK cell cytotoxicity, degranulation, and cytokine production against CD33(+) HL-60 targets and increased NK survival and proliferation. PMID: 26847056 In this article, we review the functions, expression, and regulation of IL-15 for designing an improved IL-15-based therapy targeting the IL-15 signaling pathway. PMID: 27325459 n this study, authors compared the concentrations of IL-15 and IL-7 in the plasma of MDS patients (n = 20) compared with that in the plasma of healthy controls (n = 20). Results indicated that exposure to high levels of IL-15 may be involved in the T cell phenotype conversion observed in MDS. PMID: 27036031 The presence of IL15 rs10833 AA genotype in HIV-/HCV-co-infected patients was associated with advanced liver fibrosis, inflammation-related biomarkers and increased rates of sustained virological response to pegIFN-alpha/RBV therapy. PMID: 26836972 High IL15 expression is associated with endometriosis. PMID: 27190213 IL-15 drives bystander activation of CD8+ T cells, which predicts disease progression in untreated HIV-1-infected patients and suggests that elevated IL-15 may also drive CD8+ T cell expansion that is linked to increased morbidity and mortality in treated patients PMID: 27322062 Sustained virologic response was significantly associated with IL15 rs10833 in chronic hepatitis C patients, treated with pegylated interferon-alpha and ribavirin. PMID: 28827115 IL-15 mRNA and protein levels significantly increased in rhHBcAg stimulation group compared with non-stimulated group. PMID: 28274303 this work provides evidence that the sushi-IL-15Ralpha/IL-15 fusion protein RLI enhances antitumor activity of anti-PD-1 treatment and is a promising approach to stimulate host immunity PMID: 27217584 This analysis revealed highly connected functional interaction networks with two candidate genes, IL15 and SEC14L5 highly enriched in networks. Overall, from these results, we concluded that these genes can be recommended as some of the potential targets for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. PMID: 27997584 These data support a potential role for IL-15 in the pathogenesis of HIV-associated immune activation. PMID: 27880829 15Ralpha/15 complexes represent a potent adjuvant for augmenting the efficacy of adoptive immunotherapy. Such cell-bound or soluble 15Ralpha/15 complexes could be developed for use in combination immunotherapy approaches. PMID: 27227483 Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) pathogenesis remains unknown, and there are no curative therapies. Our findings not only demonstrate a critical role for IL15-mediated inflammation in cutaneous T-cell lymphomagenesis, but also uncover a new oncogenic regulatory loop in CTCL involving IL15, HDAC1, HDAC6, and miR-21 that shows differential sensitivity to isotype-specific HDAC inhibitors PMID: 27422033 we provide the first direct evidence that IL-15 is expressed both at the mRNA and protein level in human salivary gland epithelial cells and it is clear that salivary glands from primary Sjogren's syndrome patients showed an intensified epithelial expression of IL-15 PMID: 27567226 Data show a greater expression of interleukin 15 (IL-15) mRNA in healing wounds compared with non-healing wounds. PMID: 27460304 Our study indicates that the IL15 +96522A/C polymorphism correlates with the severity of Hashimoto's disease (HD), most likely by increasing Th17 cells. PMID: 28164472 this study shows that IL-15 induces cytokine-induced killer cells with a potent cytotoxic activity mostly against tumor cells from epithelial solid malignancies via NKG2D-mediated mechanism. PMID: 27615504 IL-15 is able to significantly regulate the inflammatory infiltration of macrophages in polymyositis patients through affecting the NF-kB pathway and MMP-9 expression levels. PMID: 27374114 IL-15 mRNA expression was significantly higher in patients with moderately severe viral bronchiolitis compared to controls and patients with severe disease. Serum IL15 correlated with disease severity. PMID: 26541527 These data underline the potential of "free" IL15 in the absence of Ralpha-complex as a powerful and specific immuno-modulator, which may be beneficial where selective immune-activation is desired. PMID: 26822794 Culturing NK cells under hypoxia compared with ambient air (normoxia) and IL-15 priming synergistically augmented glycolytic gene expression without major changes in glycolytic flux and glucose consumption. PMID: 27129235 Findings suggest for co-targeting shedding-derived soluble MIC (sMIC) to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of ALT-803 or other interleukin 15 (IL-15) agonists. PMID: 26625316 Report improved antitumoral NK-cell activity in DC-based vaccine strategies through the use of IL-15/IL-15Ralpha mRNA-engineered designer DC. PMID: 26675759 The novel mechanism of IL-15 transfer to the surface of antigen-processing DCs may explain the enhanced potency of IL-15:IL-15Ralpha-coated nanoparticles for antigen delivery. PMID: 26719339 Virtual memory T cells develop and mediate bystander protective immunity in an IL-15-dependent manner. PMID: 27097762 results demonstrated the relative functional deficiencies of alpha-GalCer induced UCB iNKT cells, which can be ameliorated by IL-15 PMID: 26481260 Protein, mRNA, and serum expression levels of MMP-7 and IL-15 in patients with osteoarthritis were all significantly increased in osteoarthritis patients compared with the control group. PMID: 26464654 Downregulation of STAT3 phosphorylation enhances tumoricidal effect of IL-15-activated dendritic cell against doxorubicin-resistant lymphoma and leukemia via TNF-alpha. PMID: 26255115 Exercise-stimulated interleukin-15 is controlled by AMPK and regulates skin metabolism and aging. PMID: 25902870 Studeis indicate that expression of interleukin-15 (IL-15) in tissues promotes T helper 1 cell-mediated immunity. PMID: 26567920 These findings demonstrate a novel mechanism to attenuate IL-15-dependent NK cell proliferation and suggest that inhibitory NK cell receptors contribute to NK cell homeostasis. PMID: 26453750 IL15 was expressed primarily in the suprabulb of the hair follicle. PMID: 26479922 Show More Hide All
Subcellular Location	Isoform IL15-S48AA: Secreted, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Isoform IL15-S21AA: Cytoplasm, Nucleus
Protein Families	IL-15/IL-21 family
Tissue Specificity	Most abundant in placenta and skeletal muscle. It is also detected in the heart, lung, liver and kidney. IL15-S21AA is preferentially expressed in tissues such as testis and thymus.
Database Links	HGNC: 5977 OMIM: 600554 KEGG: hsa:3600 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000296545 UniGene: Hs.168132

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Code	CSB-AP001621HU
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Recombinant Human Interleukin-15 protein(IL15) (Active)

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