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Cell adhesion protein that is required for normal responses to cell-cell contacts in brain and in the peripheral nervous system. Plays a role in neurite outgrowth in response to contactin binding. Plays a role in mediating cell-cell contacts between Schwann cells and axons. Plays a role in the formation and maintenance of the nodes of Ranvier on myelinated axons. Nodes of Ranvier contain clustered sodium channels that are crucial for the saltatory propagation of action potentials along myelinated axons. During development, nodes of Ranvier are formed by the fusion of two heminodes. Required for normal clustering of sodium channels at heminodes; not required for the formation of mature nodes with normal sodium channel clusters. Required, together with GLDN, for maintaining NFASC and sodium channel clusters at mature nodes of Ranvier.
Gene References into Functions
Increased gene expression of NrCAM may be used as a potential diagnostic marker for papillary thyroid cancer. PMID: 27732334
A high level of Nr-CAM expression is associated with favorable tumor phenotype and reduced risk of prostate cancer recurrence. PMID: 23338556
Genome-wide association analysis of coffee drinking suggests association with CYP1A1/CYP1A2 and NRCAM PMID: 21876539
mechanisms of NrCAM participation in development and how these might be perturbed in disorders are reviewed. [review] PMID: 22182708
Nr-CAM protein expression is upregulated in colorectal cancer tissues; Nr-CAM overexpression is an independent marker of poor prognosis among advanced CRC patients, and a possible predictive marker for non-beneficence to 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy PMID: 21718388
Identification of endothelial cell genes expressed in an in vitro model of angiogenesis: induction of ESM-1, (beta)ig-h3, and NrCAM PMID: 11866539
induction of Nr-CAM transcription plays a role in melanoma and colon cancer tumorigenesis PMID: 12183361
NrCAM is overexpressed in human papillary thyroid carcinoma at the mRNA and protein levels, whatever the tumour stage. PMID: 17667921
Distinct cytokeratin 7, cytokeratin 19, & neuronal cell adhesion molecule staining patterns are seen in hepatic adenoma & focal nodular hyperplasia possibly suggest activation of different subsets of hepatic progenitor/stem cell. PMID: 18602664
our results indicated that the NRCAM gene is one of the strong candidate genes for autism PMID: 18664314
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Subcellular Location
Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Cell projection, axon. Secreted.
Protein Families
Immunoglobulin superfamily, L1/neurofascin/NgCAM family
Tissue Specificity
Detected in all the examined tissues. In the brain it was detected in the amygdala, caudate nucleus, corpus callosum, hippocampus, hypothalamus, substantia nigra, subthalamic nucleus and thalamus.