Recombinant Human Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-12 (GNA12)

1. Galpha12 plays a crucial role in human airway smooth muscle contraction via RhoA-dependent activation of the PI3K/ROCK axis; targeting Galpha12 signaling may elucidate novel therapeutic targets in asthma PMID: 28921504
2. the current studies provide evidence showing that c-Jun directly binds to a consensus binding sequence within the GNA12-5' regulatory region, thereby regulating GNA12 transcription. PMID: 28394299
3. we conclude that Galpha12 protects HUVECs[ human umbilical vein endothelial cells ] from serum withdrawal-induced apoptosis by retaining miR-155 expression. PMID: 26632408
4. RGS22 acts as a tumor suppressor, repressing human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell migration by coupling to GNA12/13. PMID: 26323264
5. preeclampsia is associated with decreased methylation of the GNA12 promoter PMID: 26767593
6. Significance of Galpha12 upregulation in liver tumor progression, implicating Galpha12 as an attractive therapeutic target. PMID: 25065598
7. Results show that RMP serves as a potent factor contributing to portal vein tumor thrombus by promoting IL-6 transcription. PMID: 24704835
8. A tyrosine residue at the C-terminus of the Galpha subunit plays an important role in controlling activation of G-protein coupled receptors. PMID: 24464644
9. CREB is a critical signaling node in Lysophosphatidic acid-Lysophosphatidic acid receptor and Galpha12/gep proto-oncogene stimulated oncogenic signaling in ovarian cancer cells. PMID: 24055910
10. Galpha12 drives oral squamous cell carcinoma invasion through the up-regulation of IL-6 and IL-8 cytokines. PMID: 23762476
11. Ga12 activation in podocytes leads to cumulative changes in glomerular collagen expression,proteinuria and glomerulosclerosis. PMID: 22249312
12. study implicates a G12-stimulated mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade in cancer cell invasion, and supports a role for JNK in cancer progression. PMID: 22087220
13. In an independent set of 40 banked placental specimens, GNA12 was overexpressed during preeclampsia when co-incident with chronic hypertension PMID: 21986993
14. that Galpha(i2)-induced signaling can act as a counterbalance to MuRF1-mediated atrophy, indicating that receptors that act through Galpha(i2) might represent potential targets for preventing skeletal muscle wasting. PMID: 22126963
15. Overexpression of Galpha(s) or Galpha(12) active mutants enhanced androgen-induced androgen receptor transactivation. Galpha(s) active mutant sensitized androgen receptor to castration-level of androgen (R1881). PMID: 21308712
16. A functional role for JLP in the gep oncogene-regulated neoplastic signaling pathway. PMID: 21472140
17. Galpha(12/13) regulate AP-1-dependent CYR61 induction in vascular smooth muscle, promoting migration, and they are upregulated with CYR61 in arteriosclerotic lesions. PMID: 21212405
18. Mutations of Galpha12 in its PC1-binding regions do not affect the ability to stimulate apoptosis are uncoupled from polycystin-1 regulation. PMID: 20837139
19. Galpha12/13 upregulate matrix metalloproteinase-2 via p53 promoting human breast cell invasion. PMID: 20044778
20. G(alpha)(12) and G(alpha)13) exert a complex pattern of nonredundant effects in small cell lung cancer cells PMID: 20160064
21. This review gives an overview of Galpha12/13 signaling of G protein-coupled receptors with a focus on RhoGTPase nucleotide exchange factor (RhoGEF) proteins as the immediate mediators of G12/13 activation. PMID: 19226283
22. This review describes the signaling pathways and cellular events stimulated by Galpha12 proteins with an emphasis on processes important in regulating cell migration and invasion and potentially involved in the pathophysiology of cancer metastasis. PMID: 19422395
23. Enhancement of choline kinase activation and phosphocholine production in breast cancer cells occurs via a CaR-Galpha12-Rho signaling pathway. PMID: 19716891
24. Galpha12 and Galpha13 negatively regulate the adhesive functions of cadherin PMID: 11976333
25. Hsp90 binding and acylation of Galpha12 results in localization to lipid rafts PMID: 12117999
26. co-stimulation of G(12/13) and G(i) pathways is sufficient to activate GPIIb/IIIa in human platelets in a mechanism that involves intracellular calcium PMID: 12297512
27. Rho activation through Galpha12 and the regulation of RhoGEFs by heterotrimeric G proteins G1213 is further modulated by tyrosine phosphorylated leukemia-associated RhoGEF. PMID: 12515866
28. Selective activation of Galpha(12) and Galpha(13) by thrombin and LPA, respectively, is determined by the N-terminal short sequences of alpha subunits. PMID: 12594220
29. Galpha12-p120ctn interaction acts as a molecular switch, which regulates cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion. PMID: 15240885
30. Galpha12 has a role in direct regulation of PP2A activity and tau phosphorylation PMID: 15525651
31. An altered form of G alpha 12 is identified that is selectively uncoupled from one signaling pathway (RhoGEF) while retaining signaling capacity through a separate pathway (effector protein E-cadherin). PMID: 15746095
32. G alpha12 interaction with alphaSNAP induces VE-cadherin localization at endothelial junctions and regulates barrier function PMID: 15980433
33. Galpha12 plays a role in polarity and tail formation as spermatids mature. Furthermore, Galpha12 may be a candidate protein responsible for azoospermia caused by spermatogenic disturbance or midpiece deformities. PMID: 16612612
34. G12 has a role in breast cancer invasion PMID: 16705036
35. Results identify the G12 family proteins Galpha12 and 13 as important regulators of prostate cancer invasion and suggest that these proteins may be targeted to limit invasion- and metastasis-induced prostate cancer patient mortality. PMID: 16787920
36. G alpha(12/13) regulate basal p53 levels via mdm4, which constitutes a cell signaling pathway distinct from p53 phosphorylations elicited by genotoxic stress. PMID: 17510313
37. mechanisms of thrombin-stimulated apoptosis through endogenous Galpha12 included loss of Bcl-2, JNK activation, and up-regulation of IkappaBalpha PMID: 17565996
38. provides first examination of Galpha12 and Galpha13 in the human heart, demonstrating selective activation of human atrial Galpha12 and Galpha13 by endothelin and angiotensin receptors, respectively PMID: 17878759
39. The role of RBaK, PMS2, and GNA12 in the inheritance of familial hyperaldosteronism type II were studied. PMID: 18307725
40. A pronounced and rapid translocation of p115-RhoGEF from the cytosol to the plasma membrane was observed upon activation of several G(12/13)-coupled receptors in a cell type-independent fashion. PMID: 18320579
41. G alpha12Q229L variants uncoupled from RhoGEFs (but not fully functional activated G alpha12Q229L) induced transformation of the mitochondrial network into punctate mitochondria and resulted in a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. PMID: 18367648
42. AC7 is a specific downstream effector of the G(12/13) pathway PMID: 18541530
43. These results indicate that activation of Galpha(12/13) in cardiomyocytes by the extracellular nucleotides-stimulated P2Y(6) receptor triggers fibrosis in pressure overload-induced cardiac fibrosis PMID: 19008857
44. TXA(2) receptor mediates water influx through aquaporins in astrocytoma cells via TXA(2) receptor-mediated activation of G alpha(12/13), Rho A, Rho kinase and Na(+)/H(+)-exchanger. PMID: 19772916

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HGNC: 4380

OMIM: 604394

KEGG: hsa:2768

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000275364

UniGene: Hs.487341