Product Details

Purity

Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Target Names

Prf1

Uniprot No.

P10820

Research Area

Immunology

Alternative Names

Prf1; Pfp; Perforin-1; P1; Cytolysin; Lymphocyte pore-forming protein

Species

Mus musculus (Mouse)

Source

Yeast

Expression Region

21-554aa

Target Protein Sequence

PCYTATRSECKQKHKFVPGVWMAGEGMDVTTLRRSGSFPVNTQRFLRPDRTCTLCKNSLMRDATQRLPVAITHWRPHSSHCQRNVAAAKVHSTEGVAREAAANINNDWRVGLDVNPRPEANMRASVAGSHSKVANFAAEKTYQDQYNFNSDTVECRMYSFRLVQKPPLHLDFKKALRALPRNFNSSTEHAYHRLISSYGTHFITAVDLGGRISVLTALRTCQLTLNGLTADEVGDCLNVEAQVSIGAQASVSSEYKACEEKKKQHKMATSFHQTYRERHVEVLGGPLDSTHDLLFGNQATPEQFSTWTASLPSNPGLVDYSLEPLHTLLEEQNPKREALRQAISHYIMSRARWQNCSRPCRSGQHKSSHDSCQCECQDSKVTNQDCCPRQRGLAHLVVSNFRAEHLWGDYTTATDAYLKVFFGGQEFRTGVVWNNNNPRWTDKMDFENVLLSTGGPLRVQVWDADYGWDDDLLGSCDRSPHSGFHEVTCELNHGRVKFSYHAKCLPHLTGGTCLEYAPQGLLGDPPGNRSGAVW
Note: The complete sequence may include tag sequence, target protein sequence, linker sequence and extra sequence that is translated with the protein sequence for the purpose(s) of secretion, stability, solubility, etc.
If the exact amino acid sequence of this recombinant protein is critical to your application, please explicitly request the full and complete sequence of this protein before ordering.

Mol. Weight

61.2kDa

Protein Length

Full Length of Mature Protein

Tag Info

N-terminal 6xHis-tagged

Form

Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Note: We will preferentially ship the format that we have in stock, however, if you have any special requirement for the format, please remark your requirement when placing the order, we will prepare according to your demand.

Buffer

If the delivery form is liquid, the default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol.
Note: If you have any special requirement for the glycerol content, please remark when you place the order.
If the delivery form is lyophilized powder, the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose.

Reconstitution

We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference.

Troubleshooting and FAQs

Protein FAQs

Storage Condition

Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Shelf Life

The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself.
Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.

Lead Time

3-7 business days

Notes

Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Datasheet & COA

Please contact us to get it.

Description

The fusion tag N-terminal 6xHis tag gene was added to the gene sequence corresponding to the yeast of the mouse Prf1 protein to form the recombinant DNA. The recombinant DNA was cloned into the expression vector and then transfected into the yeast cells for expression. Following purification, the product is the recombinant mouse Prf1 protein carrying N-terminal 6xHis tag. The SDS-PAGE assessed the purity of this recombinant Prf1 protein up to 90%. It had an apparent molecular weight of approximately 55 kDa. It may have applications in immunology studies.

Prf1 is a gene providing instructions for making a protein called Perforin-1 in mouse. In human, perforin-1 is encoded by the PRF1 gene. This gene belongs to complement C6/C7/C8/C9 family. This protein is one of the major cytolytic proteins of cytolytic granules and essentially involved in the granule-dependent killing activities of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and NK cells. PRF1 participates in the establishment of immune homeostasis, elimination of pathogens and tumor surveillance as a definite marker of the killing ability of immune cells. Diseases associated with PRF1 include hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, familial and Aplastic Anemia.

Target Background

Function

Plays a key role in secretory granule-dependent cell death, and in defense against virus-infected or neoplastic cells. Can insert into the membrane of target cells in its calcium-bound form, oligomerize and form large pores. Promotes cytolysis and apoptosis of target cells by facilitating the uptake of cytotoxic granzymes.

Gene References into Functions

Study in mice models shows that perforin from antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes is required for Nlrp3 inflammasome activation in antigen-presenting cells. Furthermore, such activation of NLRP3 inflammasome contributes to the induction of antigen-specific antitumour immunity and pathogenesis of graft-versus-host diseases. PMID: 28537251
levetiracetam can still protect neurons with perforin knockout mice. PMID: 26454821
These studies indicate that CD8+ T cells against a single antigen can restrict Y. pseudotuberculosis colonization in a perforin-dependent manner, but ultimately are insufficient in their ability to provide sterilizing immunity and protect against death. PMID: 27268148
Furthermore, perforin production specifically by CD8 T cells was required to cause fatal edema during experimental cerebral malaria. PMID: 28264905
Our study suggests that perforin plays a role in dopaminergic neuron loss in PD. PMID: 28137589
study shows that perforin is essential to facilitate beta cell destruction in mouse models of type 1 diabetes PMID: 26446877
Released granzyme B induces DNA fragmentation in intraepithelial lymphocytes independently of Perforin PMID: 25750028
serglycin plays a critical role in the maturation of dense-core cytotoxic granules in cytotoxic lymphocytes and the trafficking and storage of perforin and granzyme B, whereas granzyme A is unaffected PMID: 26756195
This suggests that LPS alters UNK cell migration and activates cytotoxic granule release. PMID: 26066976
it is proposed that Ca(2+) binding at the weakest affinity site triggers changes in the perforin C2 domain that facilitate its interaction with lipid membranes PMID: 26306037
a lack of perforin and absence of the specific activation of NK cells during acute MCMV infection lead to an unleashed CD8(+) T cell response that is detrimental for the host. PMID: 25809566
CD8 T cells are sufficient as a sole perforin-expressing cell type to cause BBB disruption in the PIFS model. PMID: 25337791
The rate and proportion of donor lymphoid cell engraftment and expansion of effector memory donor T cells were significantly increased within 5 to 7 days post-bone marrow transplantation in perforin-deficient recipients, compared with wild-type. PMID: 25459639
Regulatory effects of perforin on glucose tolerance are mechanistically linked to the control of T-cell proliferation and cytokine production in inflamed visceral adipose tissue. PMID: 25048196
Perforin (and granzyme B)-dependent apoptosis increases postapoptotic necrosis and inflammation in atherosclerosis. PMID: 25398236
Perforin has a role in atherosclerotic plaque development. PMID: 24205352
Defining the interaction of perforin with calcium and the phospholipid membrane. PMID: 24070258
miR-150 is a common post-transcriptional regulator for Prf1 in mouse and human NK cells that represses NK cell lytic activity. PMID: 24698324
Perforin and granzymes have complementary roles mediating epithelial injury by NK and CD8 T cells. The prevention of experimental biliary atresia can only be achieved by inhibiting both granules. PMID: 24096050
Multiple roles of perforin in hampering ERBB-2 (Her-2/neu) carcinogenesis in transgenic male mice. PMID: 24790144
perforin preferentially delivers cationic molecules while anionic and neutral cargoes are delivered inefficiently PMID: 24558045
perforin's contribution to bacterial clearance in vivo is not though enhancing CD4 T cell termination of Chlamydia replication in epithelial cells PMID: 23691028
These findings demonstrate that perforin-mediated immunoregulation functions in trans and are consistent with a feedback model in which cytotoxic T cells control immune activation by killing dendritic cells. PMID: 23974195
These data suggest that perforin expression is not required for normal immune regulation. PMID: 23883515
Distinct severity of HLH in both human and murine mutants with complete loss of cytotoxic effector PRF1, RAB27A, and STX11. PMID: 23160464
Perforin facilitates viral antigen uptake by pulmonary dendritic cells by inducing apoptosis in mice with influenza infection. PMID: 22869906
Perforin/FasL-independent functions of hapten-primed CD8 T cells in a contact hypersensitivity model identify new functions for neutrophils in regulating effector CD8 T cell recruitment and immune responses in the skin. PMID: 22815291
deficiency of T-cells, NKT-cells, perforin, Fas-ligand, TNF-alpha-receptor failed to reveal significant differences in tumor development. PMID: 22212899
CD8+ T-cells expressing interferon gamma or perforin play antagonistic roles in heart injury in experimental Trypanosoma cruzi-elicited cardiomyopathy PMID: 22532799
CD4 cells expressing gamma interferon and perforin mediate protection against lethal influenza virus infection. PMID: 22491469
A perforin-dependent pathwy plays a role to mediate contraction of antigen-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cells during prolonged Listeria monocytogenes infection. PMID: 22161269
Data show that transitional stage 1, 2 and splenic marginal zone B cells were clearly reduced after transfer of CD4+ T cells from TNFalpha-/-, IFNgamma-/-, perforin-/-, or FasLgld mice. PMID: 21966366
Structures that PFN oligomers form in the membrane bilayer may include arcs previously observed by electron microscopy and these unusual structures represent an incomplete mixture of plasma membrane lipid. PMID: 21931672
We conclude that perforin-dependent cytotoxicity has an immunoregulatory role that is distinguishable from its pathogen clearance function and limits T-cell activation in the physiologic context by suppressing antigen presentation. PMID: 21606480
intact C terminus and N-linked glycosylation provide accurate and efficient export of perforin from the endoplasmic reticulum to the secretory granules and are critical for cytotoxic lymphocyte survival PMID: 21658975
Data suggest that an interdependent relationship between parasite burden and CD8(+) T cells dictates the onset of perforin/GzmB-mediated ECM. PMID: 21525386
Transcription and translation products of the cytolysin gene psm-mec on the mobile genetic element SCCmec regulate Staphylococcus aureus virulence. PMID: 21304931
At the Prf1 locus, clear areas of reduced nucleosomal density are detected in effector CD8-positive T cells surrounding the transcription start site but not in downstream areas of the genes, during lymphocytic choriomeningitis viral infection. PMID: 21278341
Perforin was dispensable for efficient clearance of antigen-bearing cells from immunized mice, but only if CD95/CD95L was functional; however, there was a delay in target cell clearance in the absence of perforin. PMID: 20309009
Granule-bound cathepsins are essential for processing perforin to its active form, and that CatL is an important, but not exclusive, participant in this process. PMID: 20497254
elucidation of the mechanism of perforin pore formation by determining the X-ray crystal structure of monomeric murine perforin, together with a cryo-electron microscopy reconstruction of the entire perforin pore PMID: 21037563
Perforin-mediated cytotoxicity by CD8 T cells is definitively responsible for muscle injury in C protein-induced myositis (CIM) PMID: 20583106
Perforin deficiency attenuates inflammation and tumor growth in colitis-associated cancer. PMID: 19785028
Pathogenetically relevant immune reactions in proteolipid protein-overexpressing mice are TCR-dependent and mediated by the classical components of CD8+ T-cell cytotoxicity, perforin, and Gzmb. PMID: 20042681
role for perforin-, Fas/FasL-, and TNFR1-mediated cytotoxic pathways in down-regulation of antigen-specific T cells during persistent viral infection PMID: 11752172
Using perforin-knockout (PKO) mice, we have seen that the granule exocytosis pathway can play a major role in NK cell-mediated rejection of allogeneic and MHC class I-deficient BMC, depending upon the genetics of the recipient and housing conditions. PMID: 11870623
An intronic silencer of the mouse perforin gene. PMID: 11911476
the genes for perforin, the three major T cell granzymes (A-C) and IFN-gamma are differentially expressed during primary activation of naive CD8(+) T cells, kinetically and at the single-cell level PMID: 12039912
The immunodominance hierarchy of influenza virus-specific T(CD8+) was not greatly perturbed by the absence of either perforin or T-helper cells or by interference with B7 (CD80)-mediated signaling. PMID: 12239309
Perforin protein expression is severely impaired in MEF-deficient NK cells PMID: 12387738

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Subcellular Location

Cytolytic granule. Secreted. Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Endosome lumen.

Protein Families

Complement C6/C7/C8/C9 family

Tissue Specificity

Detected in cytotoxic T-lymphocytes and natural killer cells.

Database Links

KEGG: mmu:18646

STRING: 10090.ENSMUSP00000041483

UniGene: Mm.240313

Code	CSB-YP018668MO
Abbreviation	Recombinant Mouse PRF1 protein
MSDS	MSDS Datasheet
Size	$368
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Image	(Tris-Glycine gel) Discontinuous SDS-PAGE (reduced) with 5% enrichment gel and 15% separation gel.
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Recombinant Mouse Perforin-1 (PRF1)

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