Product Details

Uniprot No.

Target Names

Alternative Names

AKP2 antibody; Alkaline phosphatase liver/bone/kidney antibody; Alkaline phosphatase liver/bone/kidney isozyme antibody; Alkaline phosphatase tissue nonspecific isozyme antibody; Alkaline phosphatase, tissue-nonspecific isozyme antibody; Alkaline phosphomonoesterase antibody; Alpl antibody; AP TNAP antibody; AP-TNAP antibody; APTNAP antibody; BAP antibody; FLJ40094 antibody; FLJ93059 antibody; Glycerophosphatase antibody; HOPS antibody; Liver/bone/kidney type alkaline phosphatase antibody; MGC161443 antibody; MGC167935 antibody; PHOA antibody; PPBT_HUMAN antibody; Tissue non specific alkaline phosphatase antibody; Tissue nonspecific ALP antibody; TNAP antibody; TNSALP antibody

Species Reactivity

Human, Mouse, Rat

Immunogen

A synthesized peptide derived from human ALPL

Immunogen Species

Homo sapiens (Human)

Conjugate

Non-conjugated

Clonality

Monoclonal

Isotype

Rabbit IgG

Clone No.

16F4

Purification Method

Affinity-chromatography

Concentration

It differs from different batches. Please contact us to confirm it.

Buffer

Rabbit IgG in 10mM phosphate buffered saline , pH 7.4, 150mM sodium chloride, 0.05% BSA, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol.

Form

Liquid

Tested Applications

ELISA, WB, IHC, IF, FC

Recommended Dilution

Application	Recommended Dilution
WB	1:500-1:2000
IHC	1:50-1:200
IF	1:50-1:200
FC	1:50-1:200

Protocols

ELISA Protocol
Western Blotting(WB) Protocol
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) Protocol
Immunofluorescence (IF) Protocol
Flow Cytometry (FC) Protocol

Troubleshooting and FAQs

Antibody FAQs

Storage

Upon receipt, store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze.

Lead Time

Basically, we can dispatch the products out in 1-3 working days after receiving your orders. Delivery time maybe differs from different purchasing way or location, please kindly consult your local distributors for specific delivery time.

Description

Alkaline phosphatase, tissue-nonspecific isozyme (ALPL) serves as a critical enzyme in mineralization processes and phosphate metabolism, playing essential roles in bone development, liver function, and kidney physiology. As a widely studied biomarker, ALPL expression patterns provide valuable insights into osteoblast differentiation, metabolic bone disorders, and various pathological conditions including certain cancers.

This recombinant monoclonal antibody, clone 16F4, offers researchers the reproducibility and consistency that only sequence-defined antibody production can provide. Generated against a synthetic peptide derived from human ALPL, the rabbit host system yields high-specificity IgG that delivers reliable results across experimental replicates, eliminating the lot-to-lot variability that can compromise longitudinal studies.

Extensive validation demonstrates this antibody's versatility across multiple experimental platforms. Western blot analysis confirms robust detection in human cell lines including LO2, HEK293, HeLa, and HepG2, as well as mouse kidney, rat kidney, and mouse liver tissue lysates, supporting cross-species reactivity with human, mouse, and rat samples. The observed band at 75 kDa, higher than the predicted 57 kDa molecular weight, reflects the extensive glycosylation characteristic of this membrane-anchored ectoenzyme. Immunohistochemistry validation in human endometrial carcinoma and adrenal gland tissues demonstrates clear tissue staining, while immunofluorescence studies in HepG2 cells and flow cytometry analysis in HeLa cells confirm utility for cellular localization and quantitative expression studies.

Whether investigating skeletal mineralization, characterizing stem cell differentiation toward osteogenic lineages, or exploring ALPL dysregulation in disease contexts, this antibody provides the experimental flexibility and cross-species reactivity essential for translational research workflows.

Usage

For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.

Related Products

Target Background

Function

Alkaline phosphatase that metabolizes various phosphate compounds and plays a key role in skeletal mineralization and adaptive thermogenesis. Has broad substrate specificity and can hydrolyze a considerable variety of compounds: however, only a few substrates, such as diphosphate (inorganic pyrophosphate; PPi), pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) and N-phosphocreatine are natural substrates. Plays an essential role in skeletal and dental mineralization via its ability to hydrolyze extracellular diphosphate, a potent mineralization inhibitor, to phosphate: it thereby promotes hydroxyapatite crystal formation and increases inorganic phosphate concentration. Acts in a non-redundant manner with PHOSPHO1 in skeletal mineralization: while PHOSPHO1 mediates the initiation of hydroxyapatite crystallization in the matrix vesicles (MVs), ALPL/TNAP catalyzes the spread of hydroxyapatite crystallization in the extracellular matrix. Also promotes dephosphorylation of osteopontin (SSP1), an inhibitor of hydroxyapatite crystallization in its phosphorylated state; it is however unclear whether ALPL/TNAP mediates SSP1 dephosphorylation via a direct or indirect manner. Catalyzes dephosphorylation of PLP to pyridoxal (PL), the transportable form of vitamin B6, in order to provide a sufficient amount of PLP in the brain, an essential cofactor for enzymes catalyzing the synthesis of diverse neurotransmitters. Additionally, also able to mediate ATP degradation in a stepwise manner to adenosine, thereby regulating the availability of ligands for purinergic receptors. Also capable of dephosphorylating microbial products, such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS) as well as other phosphorylated small-molecules, such as poly-inosine:cytosine (poly I:C). Acts as a key regulator of adaptive thermogenesis as part of the futile creatine cycle: localizes to the mitochondria of thermogenic fat cells and acts by mediating hydrolysis of N-phosphocreatine to initiate a futile cycle of creatine dephosphorylation and phosphorylation. During the futile creatine cycle, creatine and N-phosphocreatine are in a futile cycle, which dissipates the high energy charge of N-phosphocreatine as heat without performing any mechanical or chemical work.

Gene References into Functions

a significant proportion of adult heterozygotes for ALPL mutations may have unspecific symptoms not attributable to their heterozygosity. PMID: 29236161
The ALPL SNP, rs1256328, was identified as being significantly associated with kidney stone disease status in a large Chinese Han cohort PMID: 29489416
The expression of ALP mRNA and ALP activity in bone tissue were much higher in osteoporosis patients with fracture than those without fracture. PMID: 29786747
genu varum is associated with the alkaline phosphatase level regardless of the presence of radiographic abnormalities in the growth plate in children. PMID: 28664247
Adults with persistent hypophosphatasemia frequently harbor alkaline phosphatase mutations and have elevated ALP substrates. PMID: 28401263
Mutations in ALPL which reduce alkaline phosphatase activity are responsible for Hypophosphatasia , a rare disorder characterized by defective bone and teeth mineralization and early tooth loss. PMID: 28570402
These results show that an increase of TNAP activity in ACDC (arterial calcification due to deficiency of CD73) contributes to ectopic calcification by disrupting the extracellular balance of PPi and Pi and identify potential therapeutic targets for ACDC. PMID: 27965423
the identification of 11 novel ALPL mutations in the five different HPP forms and the observation of a recurrent mutation, p. (Thr166Ile) in the Spanish population expand our knowledge of pathogenic ALPL mutations. PMID: 28127875
Preoperative calcitonin levels were correlated with the presence of tumor, whereas alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels were not. There were no significant associations between tumor volume and ALP or calcitonin levels in the preoperative or postoperative periods. During long-term follow-up, serum ALP was significantly associated with tumor recurrence, but serum calcitonin was not. PMID: 27922893
His ALPL gene mutation came from c.228delG mutation in his mother and c.407G>A compound heterozygous mutation in his father PMID: 28506345
Both PPARgamma gene expression and TNALP activity increased during intracellular lipid accumulation in HepG2 and 3T3-L1 cells. Inhibition of TNALP blocked intracellular lipid accumulation but did not alter expression of the PPARgamma gene. PMID: 28209522
ALPL is a major contributor to the pathogenesis of Prostate cancer progression. PMID: 28006818
This result indicated that the 1559delT mutant was not retained on the plasma membrane owing to a lack of the Glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor. PMID: 27680481
ALPL expression is significantly upregulated in human masticatory mucosa during wound healing PMID: 28005267
serum ALP levels were not associated with increased death risk in prevalent HD patients over a 5-year interval. PMID: 27467278
In conclusion, serum levels of BSP, ALP, ICTP, and PSA increased in patients with bone metastases, and combined detection of all markers could improve the positive-predictive value. PMID: 27323113
results reveal that the amino acid substitutions at position 426 of TNSALP differentially affect the structure and function of TNSALP, leading to understanding of the molecular and cellular basis of hypophosphatasia. PMID: 28000043
One-half of adult individuals with unexplained low serum ALP carried an ALPL mutation. The presence of a mutated allele was associated with tooth loss, slightly lower levels of serum ALP, higher levels of pyridoxal phosphate and phosphoethanolamine, as well as mildly increased serum phosphate. PMID: 26783040
Dynamic changes of ALP, LDH and PSA during Abiraterone-therapy are associated with best clinical benefit and OS in bone metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer PMID: 26975660
glycosylation differences in human bone alkaline phosphatases are of crucial importance for protein-protein interactions with collagen type I PMID: 26645431
Analysis of a series of multiple N-glycan depletion mutants in TNSALP revealed that three N-glycans on N230, N271 and N303 were the minimal requirement for the structure and function of TNSALP and a prerequisite for its stable expression in a cell. PMID: 26797772
The presence of TNAP increased the dynamics and decreased the ordering of model membranes. PMID: 26389140
These data confirm that TNAP is co-expressed by dental pulp stromal cells together with other bone marrow stromal cells markers and show that cell density affects TNAP expression levels. PMID: 25636587
ALP quartiles were significantly associated with albuminuria in participants with estimated glomerular filtration rate>120 90-119, 60-89 and <60 mL/min/1.73 Higher ALP levels are significantly associated with renal hyperfiltration PMID: 25853240
during skeletal mineralization, the building Ca2+ gradient first activates TNAP, but gradually inactivates it at high Ca2+ concentrations, toward completion of mineralization. PMID: 25775211
these data demonstrate that TNAP activity is significantly increased in the brain in both the sporadic and familial forms of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and that TNAP activity is significantly increased in the plasma in AD patients PMID: 26219720
A non-linear relationship exists between serum levels of ALP and phosphate and risk of total mortality from cardiovascular diseases. PMID: 25033287
Higher alkaline phosphatase was associated with the short-term adverse outcomes of peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis PMID: 25246707
ALP mRNA binds to and is stabilized by vimentin. PMID: 25536665
Elevated AP was associated with the presence of COPD and respiratory symptoms (cough, wheezing). PMID: 25336462
Two-month alkaline phosphatase of <100 U/L had a negative predictive value of 97% for development of ischemic cholangiopathy after liver transplantation. PMID: 25769592
A novel role of alkaline phosphatase in the ERK1 and ERK2 dephosphorylation in renal cell carcinoma cell lines PMID: 25241253
In inflammatory cholestatic conditions, loss of activity of liver AP might promote hyper-adenosine triphosphate-bilia, lipopolysaccharide overload, and subsequent exacerbation and perpetuation of inflammation. [review] PMID: 25603770
patterns were confirmed in human teeth, including widespread TNAP, and NPP1 restricted to cementoblasts lining acellular cementum PMID: 25504209
High levels of alkaline phosphatase (a biochemical markers of osteosynthesis) is associated with poor prognosis in metastatic bone cancer from disseminated breast cancer. PMID: 25342482
Polymorphisms in ALP, ENPP1 and ANKH are important genetic risk factors contributing to Pseudoxanthoma elasticum PMID: 25025693
REVIEW: role of bone-type tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase and PHOSPO1 in vascular calcification PMID: 24533943
This family report indicates that mapping ALPL mutations within the gene does not necessarily help to predict the clinical severity of the hypophosphatasia phenotype. PMID: 24569605
Data indicate that alkaline phosphatase (AP) velocity kinetics (APV)is an independent predictor of overall survival (OS) and bone metastasis-free survival (BMFS) in patients with -resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). PMID: 24929891
the new role of ALP in cell viability and apoptosis and involvement in renal cell carcinoma tumorigenesis PMID: 24909115
Effect of cyclic mechanical stimulation on the expression of osteogenesis genes in human intraoral mesenchymal stromal and progenitor cells. PMID: 24804200
DNMT inhibitors facilitate the Pi-induced development of vascular calcification via the upregulation of the ALP expression along with a reduction in the DNA methylation level of the ALP promoter region. PMID: 24441913
ABO locus is a major determinant for serum ALP levels in Chinese Han population. PMID: 24094242
The CPT score,alkaline phosphatase > 1.5 ULN, and the CS nonresponse had an independent impact on the 90-day survival in alcoholic hepatitis. PMID: 24151614
characterization of a novel genetic alteration (c.1318_1320delAAC, p.N440del) in the ALPL gene resulting in odonto-hypophosphatasia(HPP) in monozygotic twins; results assist in defining genotype-phenotype associations for odonto-HPP and identify the collagen-binding site as a region of potential structural importance for TNAP function in the biomineralization PMID: 23791648
Serum ALP is adversely associated with measures of arterial structure and function in hypertensive African men. PMID: 22656046
The Y28D, A111T and T389N mutants displayed only negligible ALP activity in vitro compared to the wild-type (WT) tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase. PMID: 24022022
The most frequent clinical type was the PLH type with prognosis related to respiratory failure, biochemical/radiological changes and ALPL mutations. PMID: 24276437
The aim of this study was to investigate two mineralization-related genes TNAP and ANKH polymorphisms associated with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in the North Chinese Han population. PMID: 23612078
data suggest that the promineralization role of TNAP may be related not only to its accepted pyrophosphatase activity but also to its ability to modify the phosphorylation status of OPN. PMID: 23427088

Hide All

Involvement in disease

Hypophosphatasia (HOPS); Hypophosphatasia childhood type (HOPSC); Hypophosphatasia infantile type (HOPSI)

Subcellular Location

Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor. Extracellular vesicle membrane; Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor. Mitochondrion membrane; Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor. Mitochondrion intermembrane space.

Protein Families

Alkaline phosphatase family

Database Links

HGNC: 438

OMIM: 146300

KEGG: hsa:249

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000363965

UniGene: Hs.75431

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Code	CSB-RA998339A0HU
Size	US$210
	Order now
Image	Western Blot Positive WB detected in: LO2 whole cell lysate(30µg), HEK293 whole cell lysate(30µg), Hela whole cell lysate(30µg), HepG2 whole cell lysate(30µg), Mouse kidney tissue lysate(20µg), Rat kidney tissue lysate(20µg), Mouse liver tissue lysate(20µg) All lanes: ALPL antibody at 1:1000 Secondary Goat polyclonal to rabbit IgG at 1/40000 dilution Predicted band size: 57 kDa Observed band size: 75 kDa Exposure time：2min IHC image of CSB-RA998339A0HU diluted at 1:100 and staining in paraffin-embedded human endometrial cancer/endometrial carcinoma performed on a Leica BondTM system. After dewaxing and hydration, antigen retrieval was mediated by high pressure in a citrate buffer (pH 6.0). Section was blocked with 10% normal goat serum 30min at RT. Then primary antibody (1% BSA) was incubated at 4°C overnight. The primary is detected by a Goat anti-rabbit polymer IgG labeled by HRP and visualized using 0.05% DAB. IHC image of CSB-RA998339A0HU diluted at 1:100 and staining in paraffin-embedded human adrenal gland tissue performed on a Leica BondTM system. After dewaxing and hydration, antigen retrieval was mediated by high pressure in a citrate buffer (pH 6.0). Section was blocked with 10% normal goat serum 30min at RT. Then primary antibody (1% BSA) was incubated at 4°C overnight. The primary is detected by a Goat anti-rabbit polymer IgG labeled by HRP and visualized using 0.05% DAB. Immunofluorescence staining of HepG2 cell with CSB-RA998339A0HU at 1:50, counter-stained with DAPI. The cells were fixed in 4% formaldehyde and blocked in 10% normal Goat Serum. The cells were then incubated with the antibody overnight at 4°C. The secondary antibody was Alexa Fluor 488-congugated AffiniPure Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG(H+L). Overlay Peak curve showing Hela cells stained with CSB-RA998339A0HU (red line) at 1:100. The cells were fixed in 4% formaldehyde and permeated by 0.2% TritonX-100 for 10min. Then 10% normal goat serum to block non-specific protein-protein interactions followed by the antibody (1ug/110⁶cells) for 45min at 4℃. The secondary antibody used was FITC-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) at 1/200 dilution for 35min at 4℃.Control antibody (green line) was Rabbit IgG (1ug/110⁶cells) used under the same conditions. Acquisition of >10,000 events was performed.
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ALPL Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody

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Target Background